| Message ID | 20190107120537.184252-2-andre.przywara@arm.com (mailing list archive) |
|---|---|
| State | New, archived |
| Headers | show |
| Series | KVM: arm/arm64: Add VCPU workarounds firmware register | expand |
On 07/01/2019 12:05, Andre Przywara wrote: > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache speculation > vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to ensure mitigation is > active. > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different support > level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, to ensure that > critical guests don't loose their protection. > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds state. > On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade our > mitigation level. > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > --- > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- > 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > index 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > } > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > +{ > + return false; > +} > + > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > + bool flag) > +{ > +} > + > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > { > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > index 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > } > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > +{ > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > +} > + > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > + bool flag) > +{ > + if (flag) > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > + else > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > +} > + > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > { > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 I can't help feeling we need more than one bit to deal with all the possible states. The host can support/not-support the workaround (i.e the HVC) and the guest can be using/not using the workaround. In particular I can imagine the following situation: * Guest starts on a host (host A) without the workaround HVC (so configures not to use it). Assuming the host doesn't need the workaround the guest is therefore not vulnerable. * Migrated to a new host (host B) with the workaround HVC (this is accepted), the guest is potentially vulnerable. * Migration back to the original host (host A) is then rejected, even though the guest isn't using the HVC. I can see two options here: * Reject the migration to host B as the guest may be vulnerable after the migration. I.e. the workaround availability cannot change (either way) during a migration * Store an extra bit of information which is whether a particular guest has the HVC exposed to it. Ideally the HVC handling for the workaround would also get disabled when running on a host which supports the HVC but was migrated from a host which doesn't. This prevents problems with a guest which is e.g. migrated during boot and may do feature detection after the migration. Since this is a new ABI it would be good to get the register values sorted even if we don't have a complete implementation of it. > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > index 9b73d3ad918a..4c671908ef62 100644 > --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > @@ -445,12 +445,18 @@ int kvm_hvc_call_handler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > int kvm_arm_get_fw_num_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > { > - return 1; /* PSCI version */ > + return 3; /* PSCI version and two workaround registers */ > } > > int kvm_arm_copy_fw_reg_indices(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 __user *uindices) > { > - if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices)) > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices++)) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, uindices++)) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2, uindices++)) > return -EFAULT; > > return 0; > @@ -469,6 +475,45 @@ int kvm_arm_get_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > return 0; > } > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; > + u64 val = 0; > + > + if (kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) > + val = KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL; > + > + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + return 0; > + } > + > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; > + u64 val = KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; > + > + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: > + break; > + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: > + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; > + break; > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: > + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED; > + break; > + } > + > + if (kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu)) > + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED; > + > + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + return 0; > + } > + > return -EINVAL; > } > > @@ -499,5 +544,94 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > } > } > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; > + u64 val; > + > + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + /* Make sure we support WORKAROUND_1 if userland asks for it. */ > + if ((val & KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) && > + !kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) > + return -EINVAL; > + > + /* Any other bit is reserved. */ > + if (val & ~KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) > + return -EINVAL; > + > + return 0; > + } > + > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; > + unsigned int wa_state; > + bool wa_flag; > + u64 val; > + > + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > + return -EFAULT; > + > + /* Reject any unknown bits. */ > + if (val & ~(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK| > + KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED)) > + return -EINVAL; > + > + /* > + * The value passed from userland has to be compatible with > + * our own workaround status. We also have to consider the > + * requested per-VCPU state for some combinations: > + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > + * \ user value | | | > + * ------------ | SSBD_NONE | SSBD_KERNEL | SSBD_ALWAYS > + * this kernel \| | | > + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > + * UNKNOWN | OK | -EINVAL | -EINVAL > + * FORCE_DISABLE | | | > + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > + * KERNEL | OK | copy VCPU state | set VCPU state > + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > + * FORCE_ENABLE | OK | OK | OK > + * MITIGATED | | | > + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > + */ > + > + wa_state = val & KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; > + switch (wa_state) { > + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL: > + /* We can always support no mitigation (1st column). */ > + return 0; > + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL: > + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED: > + break; > + default: > + return -EINVAL; > + } > + > + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > + default: > + /* ... but some mitigation was requested (1st line). */ > + return -EINVAL; > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: > + /* Always-on is always compatible (3rd line). */ > + return 0; > + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: /* 2nd line */ > + wa_flag = val; > + wa_flag |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; > + > + /* Force on when always-on is requested. */ > + if (wa_state == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED) > + wa_flag = true; > + break; > + } > + > + kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu, wa_flag); Since this line is only reached in the KVM_SSBD_KERNEL case I think it should be moved up. I'd personally find the code easier to follow if the default/UNKNOWN/FORCE_DISABLE case is the one that drops out and all the others have a "return 0". It took me a while to be sure that wa_flag wasn't used uninitialised here! Steve > + > + return 0; > + } > + > return -EINVAL; > } >
On Mon, 7 Jan 2019 13:17:37 +0000 Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com> wrote: Hi, > On 07/01/2019 12:05, Andre Przywara wrote: > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache > > speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to > > ensure mitigation is active. > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different > > support level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, > > to ensure that critical guests don't loose their protection. > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds > > state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade > > our mitigation level. > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > --- > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 > > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 > > deletions(-) > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > + return false; > > +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d > > 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | > > KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > + if (flag) > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > + else > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= > > ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > I can't help feeling we need more than one bit to deal with all the > possible states. The host can support/not-support the workaround (i.e > the HVC) and the guest can be using/not using the workaround. I don't think we care in the moment about the guest using it or not, the current implementation is binary: Either the host offers the workaround or not. We just pass this on to a KVM guest. But it seems the workaround is *architected* to give three choices: 1) SMC call not implemented, meaning *either* not needed or just not implemented (old firmware). 2) SMC call implemented and required on that CPU. 3) SMC call implemented, but *not* required on that CPU. Now it seems at least on the host side we leave something on the table, as we neither consider the per-CPU nature of this workaround nor case 3, in which case we do the SMC call needlessly. This should be fixed, I guess, but as a separate issue. > In particular I can imagine the following situation: > > * Guest starts on a host (host A) without the workaround HVC (so > configures not to use it). Assuming the host doesn't need the > workaround the guest is therefore not vulnerable. But we don't know this. Not implemented could also (more likely, actually) mean: workaround not supported, thus vulnerable (old firmware/kernel). > * Migrated to a new host (host B) with the workaround HVC (this is > accepted), the guest is potentially vulnerable. ... as it was before, where we didn't know for sure if the system was safe. > * Migration back to the original host (host A) is then rejected, even > though the guest isn't using the HVC. Again, we can't be sure, so denying migration is on the safe side. > I can see two options here: > > * Reject the migration to host B as the guest may be vulnerable after > the migration. I.e. the workaround availability cannot change (either > way) during a migration > > * Store an extra bit of information which is whether a particular > guest has the HVC exposed to it. Ideally the HVC handling for the > workaround would also get disabled when running on a host which > supports the HVC but was migrated from a host which doesn't. This > prevents problems with a guest which is e.g. migrated during boot and > may do feature detection after the migration. > > Since this is a new ABI it would be good to get the register values > sorted even if we don't have a complete implementation of it. I agree to that part: this userland interface should be as good as possible. So I think as a separate issue we should upgrade both the host side and the guest part of the workaround to deal with all three cases, but should indeed create the interface in a forward compatible way. I will look into extending the register to use two bits to accommodate all three cases. > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > > diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > > index 9b73d3ad918a..4c671908ef62 100644 > > --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > > +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > > @@ -445,12 +445,18 @@ int kvm_hvc_call_handler(struct kvm_vcpu > > *vcpu) > > int kvm_arm_get_fw_num_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > - return 1; /* PSCI version */ > > + return 3; /* PSCI version and two > > workaround registers */ } > > > > int kvm_arm_copy_fw_reg_indices(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 __user > > *uindices) { > > - if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices)) > > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices++)) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, > > uindices++)) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2, > > uindices++)) return -EFAULT; > > > > return 0; > > @@ -469,6 +475,45 @@ int kvm_arm_get_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) return 0; > > } > > > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { > > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user > > *)(long)reg->addr; > > + u64 val = 0; > > + > > + if (kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) > > + val = > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL; + > > + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, > > KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + return 0; > > + } > > + > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { > > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user > > *)(long)reg->addr; > > + u64 val = > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; + > > + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > > + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: > > + break; > > + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: > > + val |= > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; > > + break; > > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > > + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: > > + val |= > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED; > > + break; > > + } > > + > > + if (kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu)) > > + val |= > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED; + > > + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, > > KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + return 0; > > + } > > + > > return -EINVAL; > > } > > > > @@ -499,5 +544,94 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) } > > } > > > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { > > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user > > *)(long)reg->addr; > > + u64 val; > > + > > + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, > > KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + /* Make sure we support WORKAROUND_1 if userland > > asks for it. */ > > + if ((val & > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) && > > + !kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) > > + return -EINVAL; > > + > > + /* Any other bit is reserved. */ > > + if (val & > > ~KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) > > + return -EINVAL; > > + > > + return 0; > > + } > > + > > + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { > > + void __user *uaddr = (void __user > > *)(long)reg->addr; > > + unsigned int wa_state; > > + bool wa_flag; > > + u64 val; > > + > > + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, > > KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) > > + return -EFAULT; > > + > > + /* Reject any unknown bits. */ > > + if (val & > > ~(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK| > > + > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED)) > > + return -EINVAL; > > + > > + /* > > + * The value passed from userland has to be > > compatible with > > + * our own workaround status. We also have to > > consider the > > + * requested per-VCPU state for some combinations: > > + * > > --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > > + * \ user value | | | > > + * ------------ | SSBD_NONE | SSBD_KERNEL | > > SSBD_ALWAYS > > + * this kernel \| | | > > + * > > --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > > + * UNKNOWN | OK | -EINVAL | > > -EINVAL > > + * FORCE_DISABLE | | | > > + * > > --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > > + * KERNEL | OK | copy VCPU state | > > set VCPU state > > + * > > --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > > + * FORCE_ENABLE | OK | OK > > | OK > > + * MITIGATED | | | > > + * > > --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- > > + */ > > + > > + wa_state = val & > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; > > + switch (wa_state) { > > + case > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL: > > + /* We can always support no mitigation > > (1st column). */ > > + return 0; > > + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL: > > + case > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED: > > + break; > > + default: > > + return -EINVAL; > > + } > > + > > + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > > + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: > > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > > + default: > > + /* ... but some mitigation was requested > > (1st line). */ > > + return -EINVAL; > > + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > > + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: > > + /* Always-on is always compatible (3rd > > line). */ > > + return 0; > > + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: /* 2nd line */ > > + wa_flag = val; > > + wa_flag |= > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; + > > + /* Force on when always-on is requested. */ > > + if (wa_state == > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED) > > + wa_flag = true; > > + break; > > + } > > + > > + kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu, > > wa_flag); > > Since this line is only reached in the KVM_SSBD_KERNEL case I think it > should be moved up. I'd personally find the code easier to follow if > the default/UNKNOWN/FORCE_DISABLE case is the one that drops out and > all the others have a "return 0". It took me a while to be sure that > wa_flag wasn't used uninitialised here! I will check, I think I tried this as well, but it was more messy somewhere else. Cheers, Andre. > > Steve > > > + > > + return 0; > > + } > > + > > return -EINVAL; > > } > > >
On Mon, Jan 07, 2019 at 12:05:36PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache speculation > vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to ensure mitigation is > active. > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different support > level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, to ensure that > critical guests don't loose their protection. > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds state. > On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade our > mitigation level. > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > --- > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- > 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > index 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > } > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > +{ > + return false; > +} > + > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > + bool flag) > +{ > +} > + > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > { > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > index 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > } > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > +{ > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > +} > + > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > + bool flag) > +{ > + if (flag) > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > + else > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > +} > + > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > { > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 If this is the first exposure of this information to userspace, I wonder if we can come up with some common semantics that avoid having to add new ad-hoc code (and bugs) every time a new vulnerability/workaround is defined. We seem to have at least the two following independent properties for a vulnerability, with the listed values for each: * vulnerability (Vulnerable, Unknown, Not Vulnerable) * mitigation support (Not Requestable, Requestable) Migrations must not move to the left in _either_ list for any vulnerability. If we want to hedge out bets we could follow the style of the ID registers and allocate to each theoretical vulnerability a pair of signed 2- or (for more expansion room if we think we might need it) 4-bit fields. We could perhaps allocate as follows: * -1=Vulnerable, 0=Unknown, 1=Not Vulnerable * 0=Mitigation not requestable, 1=Mitigation requestable Checking code wouldn't need to know which fields describe mitigation mechanisms and which describe vulnerabilities: we'd just do a strict >= comparison on each. Further, if a register is never written before the vcpu is first run, we should imply a write of 0 to it as part of KVM_RUN (so that if the destination node has a negative value anywhere, KVM_RUN barfs cleanly. (Those semantics should apply equally to the CPU ID registers, though we don't currently do that.) Thoughts? [...] Cheers ---Dave
On Tue, 22 Jan 2019 15:17:14 +0000 Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: Hi Dave, thanks for having a look! > On Mon, Jan 07, 2019 at 12:05:36PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache > > speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to > > ensure mitigation is active. > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different > > support level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, > > to ensure that critical guests don't loose their protection. > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds > > state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade > > our mitigation level. > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > --- > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 > > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 > > deletions(-) > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > + return false; > > +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d > > 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | > > KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > + if (flag) > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > + else > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= > > ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- > > a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > If this is the first exposure of this information to userspace, I > wonder if we can come up with some common semantics that avoid having > to add new ad-hoc code (and bugs) every time a new > vulnerability/workaround is defined. > > We seem to have at least the two following independent properties > for a vulnerability, with the listed values for each: > > * vulnerability (Vulnerable, Unknown, Not Vulnerable) > > * mitigation support (Not Requestable, Requestable) > > Migrations must not move to the left in _either_ list for any > vulnerability. > > If we want to hedge out bets we could follow the style of the ID > registers and allocate to each theoretical vulnerability a pair of > signed 2- or (for more expansion room if we think we might need it) > 4-bit fields. > > We could perhaps allocate as follows: > > * -1=Vulnerable, 0=Unknown, 1=Not Vulnerable > * 0=Mitigation not requestable, 1=Mitigation requestable So as discussed in person, that sounds quite neat. I implemented that, but the sign extension and masking to n bits is not very pretty and limits readability. However the property of having a kind of "vulnerability scale", where a simple comparison would determine compatibility, is a good thing to have and drastically simplifies the checking code. > Checking code wouldn't need to know which fields describe mitigation > mechanisms and which describe vulnerabilities: we'd just do a strict > >= comparison on each. > > Further, if a register is never written before the vcpu is first run, > we should imply a write of 0 to it as part of KVM_RUN (so that if the > destination node has a negative value anywhere, KVM_RUN barfs cleanly. What I like about the signedness is this "0 means unknown", which is magically forwards compatible. However I am not sure we can transfer this semantic into every upcoming register that pops up in the future. Actually we might not need this: My understanding of how QEMU handles this in migration is that it reads the f/w reg on the originating host A and writes this into the target host B, without itself interpreting this in any way. It's up to the target kernel (basically this code here) to check compatibility. So I am not sure we actually need a stable scheme. If host A doesn't know about a certain register, it won't appear in the result of the KVM_GET_REG_LIST ioctl, so it won't be transferred to host B at all. In the opposite case the receiving host would reject an unknown register, which I believe is safer, although I see that it leaves the "unknown" case on the table. It would be good to have some opinion of how forward looking we want to (and can) be here. Meanwhile I am sending a v2 which implements the linear scale idea, without using signed values, as this indeed simplifies the code. I have the signed version still in a branch here, let me know if you want to have a look. Cheers, Andre. > (Those semantics should apply equally to the CPU ID registers, though > we don't currently do that.) > > Thoughts? > > [...] > > Cheers > ---Dave
On Fri, Jan 25, 2019 at 02:46:57PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > On Tue, 22 Jan 2019 15:17:14 +0000 > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > Hi Dave, > > thanks for having a look! > > > On Mon, Jan 07, 2019 at 12:05:36PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache > > > speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to > > > ensure mitigation is active. > > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different > > > support level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, > > > to ensure that critical guests don't loose their protection. > > > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds > > > state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade > > > our mitigation level. > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > > --- > > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 > > > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 > > > deletions(-) > > > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- > > > a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static > > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > + return false; > > > +} > > > + > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > + bool flag) > > > +{ > > > +} > > > + > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > { > > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d > > > 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | > > > KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > > > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- > > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static > > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > + > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > + bool flag) > > > +{ > > > + if (flag) > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > > + else > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= > > > ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > + > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > { > > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > > 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- > > > a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct > > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > > (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > > > If this is the first exposure of this information to userspace, I > > wonder if we can come up with some common semantics that avoid having > > to add new ad-hoc code (and bugs) every time a new > > vulnerability/workaround is defined. > > > > We seem to have at least the two following independent properties > > for a vulnerability, with the listed values for each: > > > > * vulnerability (Vulnerable, Unknown, Not Vulnerable) > > > > * mitigation support (Not Requestable, Requestable) > > > > Migrations must not move to the left in _either_ list for any > > vulnerability. > > > > If we want to hedge out bets we could follow the style of the ID > > registers and allocate to each theoretical vulnerability a pair of > > signed 2- or (for more expansion room if we think we might need it) > > 4-bit fields. > > > > We could perhaps allocate as follows: > > > > * -1=Vulnerable, 0=Unknown, 1=Not Vulnerable > > * 0=Mitigation not requestable, 1=Mitigation requestable > > So as discussed in person, that sounds quite neat. I implemented > that, but the sign extension and masking to n bits is not very pretty > and limits readability. > However the property of having a kind of "vulnerability scale", where a > simple comparison would determine compatibility, is a good thing to > have and drastically simplifies the checking code. > > > Checking code wouldn't need to know which fields describe mitigation > > mechanisms and which describe vulnerabilities: we'd just do a strict > > >= comparison on each. > > > > Further, if a register is never written before the vcpu is first run, > > we should imply a write of 0 to it as part of KVM_RUN (so that if the > > destination node has a negative value anywhere, KVM_RUN barfs cleanly. > > What I like about the signedness is this "0 means unknown", which is > magically forwards compatible. However I am not sure we can transfer > this semantic into every upcoming register that pops up in the future. I appreciate the concern, but can you give an example of how it might break? My idea is that you can check for compatibility by comparing fields without any need to know what they mean, but we wouldn't pre-assign meanings for the values of unallocated fields, just create a precedent that future fields can follow (where it works). This is much like the CPU ID features scheme itself. A "0" might mean that something is absent, but there's no way (or need) to know what. > Actually we might not need this: > My understanding of how QEMU handles this in migration is that it reads > the f/w reg on the originating host A and writes this into the target > host B, without itself interpreting this in any way. It's up to the > target kernel (basically this code here) to check compatibility. So I am > not sure we actually need a stable scheme. If host A doesn't know about Nothing stops userspace from interpreting the data, so there's a risk people may grow to rely on it even if we don't want them to. So we should try to have something that's forward-compatible if at all possible... > a certain register, it won't appear in the result of the > KVM_GET_REG_LIST ioctl, so it won't be transferred to host B at all. In > the opposite case the receiving host would reject an unknown register, > which I believe is safer, although I see that it leaves the "unknown" > case on the table. > > It would be good to have some opinion of how forward looking we want to > (and can) be here. > > Meanwhile I am sending a v2 which implements the linear scale idea, > without using signed values, as this indeed simplifies the code. > I have the signed version still in a branch here, let me know if you > want to have a look. Happy to take a look at it. I was hoping that cpufeatures already had a helper for extracting a signed field, but I didn't go looking for it... At the asm level this is just a sbfx, so it's hardly expensive. Cheers ---Dave
On Tue, 29 Jan 2019 21:32:23 +0000 Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: Hi Dave, > On Fri, Jan 25, 2019 at 02:46:57PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > On Tue, 22 Jan 2019 15:17:14 +0000 > > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > > > Hi Dave, > > > > thanks for having a look! > > > > > On Mon, Jan 07, 2019 at 12:05:36PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache > > > > speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to > > > > ensure mitigation is active. > > > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different > > > > support level for those workarounds, migration might need to > > > > fail, to ensure that critical guests don't loose their > > > > protection. > > > > > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds > > > > state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't > > > > downgrade our mitigation level. > > > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > > > --- > > > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 > > > > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), > > > > 2 deletions(-) > > > > > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > > 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- > > > > a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static > > > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu > > > > *vcpu) return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > > + return false; > > > > +} > > > > + > > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > > + bool > > > > flag) +{ > > > > +} > > > > + > > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > > { > > > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > > > 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 --- > > > > a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct > > > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > > > (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED > > > > 4 /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ #define > > > > KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 diff --git > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > > 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ > > > > static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & > > > > MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } +static inline bool > > > > kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & > > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > > + > > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > > + bool > > > > flag) +{ > > > > + if (flag) > > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= > > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > > > + else > > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= > > > > ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > > + > > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > > { > > > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > > > 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct > > > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > > > (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > > > > > If this is the first exposure of this information to userspace, I > > > wonder if we can come up with some common semantics that avoid > > > having to add new ad-hoc code (and bugs) every time a new > > > vulnerability/workaround is defined. > > > > > > We seem to have at least the two following independent properties > > > for a vulnerability, with the listed values for each: > > > > > > * vulnerability (Vulnerable, Unknown, Not Vulnerable) > > > > > > * mitigation support (Not Requestable, Requestable) > > > > > > Migrations must not move to the left in _either_ list for any > > > vulnerability. > > > > > > If we want to hedge out bets we could follow the style of the ID > > > registers and allocate to each theoretical vulnerability a pair of > > > signed 2- or (for more expansion room if we think we might need > > > it) 4-bit fields. > > > > > > We could perhaps allocate as follows: > > > > > > * -1=Vulnerable, 0=Unknown, 1=Not Vulnerable > > > * 0=Mitigation not requestable, 1=Mitigation requestable > > > > So as discussed in person, that sounds quite neat. I implemented > > that, but the sign extension and masking to n bits is not very > > pretty and limits readability. > > However the property of having a kind of "vulnerability scale", > > where a simple comparison would determine compatibility, is a good > > thing to have and drastically simplifies the checking code. > > > > > Checking code wouldn't need to know which fields describe > > > mitigation mechanisms and which describe vulnerabilities: we'd > > > just do a strict > > > >= comparison on each. > > > > > > Further, if a register is never written before the vcpu is first > > > run, we should imply a write of 0 to it as part of KVM_RUN (so > > > that if the destination node has a negative value anywhere, > > > KVM_RUN barfs cleanly. > > > > What I like about the signedness is this "0 means unknown", which is > > magically forwards compatible. However I am not sure we can transfer > > this semantic into every upcoming register that pops up in the > > future. > > I appreciate the concern, but can you give an example of how it might > break? The general problem is that we don't know how future firmware registers would need to look like and whether they are actually for workarounds. Take for instance KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0), which holds the PSCI version. So at the very least we would need to reserve a region of the 64K firmware registers to use this scheme, yet don't know how many we would need. > My idea is that you can check for compatibility by comparing fields > without any need to know what they mean, but we wouldn't pre-assign > meanings for the values of unallocated fields, just create a precedent > that future fields can follow (where it works). For clarity, what do you mean with "... you can check ...", exactly? I think this "you" would be the receiving kernel, which is very strict about unknown registers (-EINVAL), because we don't take any chances. From what I understand how QEMU works, is that it just takes the list of registers from the originating kernel and asks the receiving kernel about them. It doesn't try to interpret most registers in any way. Now QEMU *could* ignore the -EINVAL return and proceed anyway, if it would be very sure about the implications or the admin told it so. But I believe this should be done on a per register basis, and in QEMU, relying on some forward looking scheme sounds a bit fragile to me. It is my understanding that QEMU does not want to gamble with migration. > This is much like the CPU ID features scheme itself. A "0" might > mean that something is absent, but there's no way (or need) to know > what. So I think we don't disagree about that this is possible or even would be nice, but it's just not how it's used today. I am not sure we want to introduce something like this, given that we don't know if there will be any future workaround registers at all. Sounds a bit over-engineered and fragile to me. Peter, can you give your opinion about whether having some generic class of firmware workaround registers which could be checked in a generic way is something we want? > > Actually we might not need this: > > My understanding of how QEMU handles this in migration is that it > > reads the f/w reg on the originating host A and writes this into > > the target host B, without itself interpreting this in any way. > > It's up to the target kernel (basically this code here) to check > > compatibility. So I am not sure we actually need a stable scheme. > > If host A doesn't know about > > Nothing stops userspace from interpreting the data, so there's a risk > people may grow to rely on it even if we don't want them to. Well, but userland would not interpret unknown registers, under the current scheme, would it? So it can surely tinker with KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, because it knows about its meaning. But I would be very careful judging about anything else. The moment we introduce some scheme, we would have to stick with it forever. I am just not sure that's worth it. At the end of the day you could always update QEMU to ignore an -EINVAL on a new firmware w/a register. > So we should try to have something that's forward-compatible if at all > possible... > > a certain register, it won't appear in the result of the > > KVM_GET_REG_LIST ioctl, so it won't be transferred to host B at > > all. In the opposite case the receiving host would reject an > > unknown register, which I believe is safer, although I see that it > > leaves the "unknown" case on the table. > > > > It would be good to have some opinion of how forward looking we > > want to (and can) be here. > > > > Meanwhile I am sending a v2 which implements the linear scale idea, > > without using signed values, as this indeed simplifies the code. > > I have the signed version still in a branch here, let me know if you > > want to have a look. > > Happy to take a look at it. See below. > I was hoping that cpufeatures already had a helper for extracting a > signed field, but I didn't go looking for it... > > At the asm level this is just a sbfx, so it's hardly expensive. The length of the code or the "performance" is hardly an issue (we are talking about migration here, which is mostly limited by the speed of the network). And yes, we have sign_extend32() and (i & 0xf) to convert, it just looks a bit odd in the code and in the API documentation. Cheers, Andre diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 6c6757c9571b..a7b10d835ce7 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 367e96fe654e..7d03f8339100 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c index fb6af5ca259e..cfb1519b9a11 100644 --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c @@ -498,7 +498,8 @@ static int get_kernel_wa_level(u64 regid) case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: switch (fake_kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: - return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; + return sign_extend32(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL, + KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: @@ -574,7 +575,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) } case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1: - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); if (get_kernel_wa_level(reg->id) < wa_level) return -EINVAL; @@ -582,7 +583,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) return 0; case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); if (get_kernel_wa_level(reg->id) < wa_level) return -EINVAL;
On Wed, Jan 30, 2019 at 11:39:00AM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > On Tue, 29 Jan 2019 21:32:23 +0000 > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > Hi Dave, > > > On Fri, Jan 25, 2019 at 02:46:57PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: [...] > > > What I like about the signedness is this "0 means unknown", which is > > > magically forwards compatible. However I am not sure we can transfer > > > this semantic into every upcoming register that pops up in the > > > future. > > > > I appreciate the concern, but can you give an example of how it might > > break? > > The general problem is that we don't know how future firmware registers > would need to look like and whether they are actually for workarounds. > Take for instance KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0), which holds the PSCI version. > So at the very least we would need to reserve a region of the 64K > firmware registers to use this scheme, yet don't know how many we would > need. My idea was that we reserve a large block of register IDs for this purpose. This means that we can say in advance what the semantics of these registers are going to be, and ensure plenty of expansion room. > > My idea is that you can check for compatibility by comparing fields > > without any need to know what they mean, but we wouldn't pre-assign > > meanings for the values of unallocated fields, just create a precedent > > that future fields can follow (where it works). > > For clarity, what do you mean with "... you can check ...", exactly? I > think this "you" would be the receiving kernel, which is very strict > about unknown registers (-EINVAL), because we don't take any chances. > From what I understand how QEMU works, is that it just takes the list > of registers from the originating kernel and asks the receiving kernel > about them. It doesn't try to interpret most registers in any way. Can we solve this by pre-allocating a block of registers for future allocation: they all become RAZ, and writes are permitted provided that the value written to each field satisfies our usual comparison rule (every field must be written with <= 0 in this case). This is what I had in mind. > Now QEMU *could* ignore the -EINVAL return and proceed anyway, if it > would be very sure about the implications or the admin told it so. > But I believe this should be done on a per register basis, and in QEMU, > relying on some forward looking scheme sounds a bit fragile to me. > It is my understanding that QEMU does not want to gamble with migration. > > > This is much like the CPU ID features scheme itself. A "0" might > > mean that something is absent, but there's no way (or need) to know > > what. > > So I think we don't disagree about that this is possible or even would > be nice, but it's just not how it's used today. I am not sure we want > to introduce something like this, given that we don't know if there will > be any future workaround registers at all. Sounds a bit over-engineered > and fragile to me. Yes, that's a concern. We could just allocate a single register with these semantics, but use it as a template for future expansion if it turns out that we need more fields. We'll know pretty soon how fast the number of fields is likely to grow. > Peter, can you give your opinion about whether having some generic class > of firmware workaround registers which could be checked in a generic way > is something we want? > > > > Actually we might not need this: > > > My understanding of how QEMU handles this in migration is that it > > > reads the f/w reg on the originating host A and writes this into > > > the target host B, without itself interpreting this in any way. > > > It's up to the target kernel (basically this code here) to check > > > compatibility. So I am not sure we actually need a stable scheme. > > > If host A doesn't know about > > > > Nothing stops userspace from interpreting the data, so there's a risk > > people may grow to rely on it even if we don't want them to. > > Well, but userland would not interpret unknown registers, under the > current scheme, would it? > So it can surely tinker with KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, > because it knows about its meaning. But I would be very careful judging > about anything else. > The moment we introduce some scheme, we would have to stick with it > forever. I am just not sure that's worth it. At the end of the day you > could always update QEMU to ignore an -EINVAL on a new firmware w/a > register. My point is, we are introducing a scheme whether we like it or not. Perhaps we could do this, but make it explicit that these regs hold KVM private metadata that userspace is not expected to interpret, say KVM_REG_ARM_PRIVATE_1 KVM_REG_ARM_PRIVATE_2 // ... which will be listed by KVM_GET_REG_LIST, but with no #defines in the UAPI headers, except perhaps to identify these IDs as a class (i.e., userspace can see it's in the KVM_REG_ARM_PRIVATE_ space, but it's told what a given ID means). Source and destination node might understand different numbers of such registers: we'd need a way to handle this (or at least to guarantee that the mismatch is detected). > > > So we should try to have something that's forward-compatible if at all > > possible... > > > a certain register, it won't appear in the result of the > > > KVM_GET_REG_LIST ioctl, so it won't be transferred to host B at > > > all. In the opposite case the receiving host would reject an > > > unknown register, which I believe is safer, although I see that it > > > leaves the "unknown" case on the table. > > > > > > It would be good to have some opinion of how forward looking we > > > want to (and can) be here. > > > > > > Meanwhile I am sending a v2 which implements the linear scale idea, > > > without using signed values, as this indeed simplifies the code. > > > I have the signed version still in a branch here, let me know if you > > > want to have a look. > > > > Happy to take a look at it. > > See below. > > > I was hoping that cpufeatures already had a helper for extracting a > > signed field, but I didn't go looking for it... > > > > At the asm level this is just a sbfx, so it's hardly expensive. > > The length of the code or the "performance" is hardly an issue (we are > talking about migration here, which is mostly limited by the speed of > the network). And yes, we have sign_extend32() and (i & 0xf) to > convert, it just looks a bit odd in the code and in the API > documentation. > > Cheers, > Andre > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 6c6757c9571b..a7b10d835ce7 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 367e96fe654e..7d03f8339100 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > index fb6af5ca259e..cfb1519b9a11 100644 > --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > @@ -498,7 +498,8 @@ static int get_kernel_wa_level(u64 regid) > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: > switch (fake_kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > - return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; > + return sign_extend32(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL, > + KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); > case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: > return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; > case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > @@ -574,7 +575,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > } > > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1: > - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; > + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); > > if (get_kernel_wa_level(reg->id) < wa_level) > return -EINVAL; > @@ -582,7 +583,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > return 0; > > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: > - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; > + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); We could have a helper to do this. I agree it's marginally uglier than working with unsigned fields, we could probably use cpuid_feature_extract_signed_field() to achieve the same. I agree that this is bikeshedding though, and it doesn't matter one way or the other unless there is some other compelling argument. Cheers ---Dave
On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: Peter, Marc, Christoffer, can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about them? Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was always to be as strict as possible about those things. Any opinions would be welcome, so that we can proceed on those patches. More context below. Many Thanks, Andre. > On Tue, 29 Jan 2019 21:32:23 +0000 > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > Hi Dave, > > > On Fri, Jan 25, 2019 at 02:46:57PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > > On Tue, 22 Jan 2019 15:17:14 +0000 > > > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > Hi Dave, > > > > > > thanks for having a look! > > > > > > > On Mon, Jan 07, 2019 at 12:05:36PM +0000, Andre Przywara wrote: > > > > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache > > > > > speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to > > > > > ensure mitigation is active. > > > > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different > > > > > support level for those workarounds, migration might need to > > > > > fail, to ensure that critical guests don't loose their > > > > > protection. > > > > > > > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds > > > > > state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't > > > > > downgrade our mitigation level. > > > > > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > > > > --- > > > > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > > > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > > > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > > > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 > > > > > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), > > > > > 2 deletions(-) > > > > > > > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > > > 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- > > > > > a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > > > b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static > > > > > inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu > > > > > *vcpu) return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } > > > > > > > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > > > + return false; > > > > > +} > > > > > + > > > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > > > + bool > > > > > flag) +{ > > > > > +} > > > > > + > > > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > > > { > > > > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > > > > 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 --- > > > > > a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > > > > b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > > > > (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > > > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED > > > > > 4 /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ #define > > > > > KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 diff --git > > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index > > > > > 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- > > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ > > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ > > > > > static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu) return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & > > > > > MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } +static inline bool > > > > > kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ > > > > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & > > > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > > > + > > > > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > > > > + bool > > > > > flag) +{ > > > > > + if (flag) > > > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= > > > > > VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > > > > + else > > > > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= > > > > > ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} > > > > > + > > > > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > > > > { > > > > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index > > > > > 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- > > > > > a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ > > > > > b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct > > > > > kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) > > > > > (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & > > > > > 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > > > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > > > > > > > If this is the first exposure of this information to userspace, I > > > > wonder if we can come up with some common semantics that avoid > > > > having to add new ad-hoc code (and bugs) every time a new > > > > vulnerability/workaround is defined. > > > > > > > > We seem to have at least the two following independent properties > > > > for a vulnerability, with the listed values for each: > > > > > > > > * vulnerability (Vulnerable, Unknown, Not Vulnerable) > > > > > > > > * mitigation support (Not Requestable, Requestable) > > > > > > > > Migrations must not move to the left in _either_ list for any > > > > vulnerability. > > > > > > > > If we want to hedge out bets we could follow the style of the ID > > > > registers and allocate to each theoretical vulnerability a pair of > > > > signed 2- or (for more expansion room if we think we might need > > > > it) 4-bit fields. > > > > > > > > We could perhaps allocate as follows: > > > > > > > > * -1=Vulnerable, 0=Unknown, 1=Not Vulnerable > > > > * 0=Mitigation not requestable, 1=Mitigation requestable > > > > > > So as discussed in person, that sounds quite neat. I implemented > > > that, but the sign extension and masking to n bits is not very > > > pretty and limits readability. > > > However the property of having a kind of "vulnerability scale", > > > where a simple comparison would determine compatibility, is a good > > > thing to have and drastically simplifies the checking code. > > > > > > > Checking code wouldn't need to know which fields describe > > > > mitigation mechanisms and which describe vulnerabilities: we'd > > > > just do a strict > > > > >= comparison on each. > > > > > > > > Further, if a register is never written before the vcpu is first > > > > run, we should imply a write of 0 to it as part of KVM_RUN (so > > > > that if the destination node has a negative value anywhere, > > > > KVM_RUN barfs cleanly. > > > > > > What I like about the signedness is this "0 means unknown", which is > > > magically forwards compatible. However I am not sure we can transfer > > > this semantic into every upcoming register that pops up in the > > > future. > > > > I appreciate the concern, but can you give an example of how it might > > break? > > The general problem is that we don't know how future firmware registers > would need to look like and whether they are actually for workarounds. > Take for instance KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0), which holds the PSCI version. > So at the very least we would need to reserve a region of the 64K > firmware registers to use this scheme, yet don't know how many we would > need. > > > My idea is that you can check for compatibility by comparing fields > > without any need to know what they mean, but we wouldn't pre-assign > > meanings for the values of unallocated fields, just create a precedent > > that future fields can follow (where it works). > > For clarity, what do you mean with "... you can check ...", exactly? I > think this "you" would be the receiving kernel, which is very strict > about unknown registers (-EINVAL), because we don't take any chances. > From what I understand how QEMU works, is that it just takes the list > of registers from the originating kernel and asks the receiving kernel > about them. It doesn't try to interpret most registers in any way. > > Now QEMU *could* ignore the -EINVAL return and proceed anyway, if it > would be very sure about the implications or the admin told it so. > But I believe this should be done on a per register basis, and in QEMU, > relying on some forward looking scheme sounds a bit fragile to me. > It is my understanding that QEMU does not want to gamble with migration. > > > This is much like the CPU ID features scheme itself. A "0" might > > mean that something is absent, but there's no way (or need) to know > > what. > > So I think we don't disagree about that this is possible or even would > be nice, but it's just not how it's used today. I am not sure we want > to introduce something like this, given that we don't know if there will > be any future workaround registers at all. Sounds a bit over-engineered > and fragile to me. > > Peter, can you give your opinion about whether having some generic class > of firmware workaround registers which could be checked in a generic way > is something we want? > > > > Actually we might not need this: > > > My understanding of how QEMU handles this in migration is that it > > > reads the f/w reg on the originating host A and writes this into > > > the target host B, without itself interpreting this in any way. > > > It's up to the target kernel (basically this code here) to check > > > compatibility. So I am not sure we actually need a stable scheme. > > > If host A doesn't know about > > > > Nothing stops userspace from interpreting the data, so there's a risk > > people may grow to rely on it even if we don't want them to. > > Well, but userland would not interpret unknown registers, under the > current scheme, would it? > So it can surely tinker with KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, > because it knows about its meaning. But I would be very careful judging > about anything else. > The moment we introduce some scheme, we would have to stick with it > forever. I am just not sure that's worth it. At the end of the day you > could always update QEMU to ignore an -EINVAL on a new firmware w/a > register. > > > So we should try to have something that's forward-compatible if at all > > possible... > > > a certain register, it won't appear in the result of the > > > KVM_GET_REG_LIST ioctl, so it won't be transferred to host B at > > > all. In the opposite case the receiving host would reject an > > > unknown register, which I believe is safer, although I see that it > > > leaves the "unknown" case on the table. > > > > > > It would be good to have some opinion of how forward looking we > > > want to (and can) be here. > > > > > > Meanwhile I am sending a v2 which implements the linear scale idea, > > > without using signed values, as this indeed simplifies the code. > > > I have the signed version still in a branch here, let me know if you > > > want to have a look. > > > > Happy to take a look at it. > > See below. > > > I was hoping that cpufeatures already had a helper for extracting a > > signed field, but I didn't go looking for it... > > > > At the asm level this is just a sbfx, so it's hardly expensive. > > The length of the code or the "performance" is hardly an issue (we are > talking about migration here, which is mostly limited by the speed of > the network). And yes, we have sign_extend32() and (i & 0xf) to > convert, it just looks a bit odd in the code and in the API > documentation. > > Cheers, > Andre > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 6c6757c9571b..a7b10d835ce7 100644 > --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > index 367e96fe654e..7d03f8339100 100644 > --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > @@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 1 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 2 > -#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 3 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL (-1 & 0xf) > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNKNOWN 0 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > #define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED (1U << 4) > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > index fb6af5ca259e..cfb1519b9a11 100644 > --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c > @@ -498,7 +498,8 @@ static int get_kernel_wa_level(u64 regid) > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: > switch (fake_kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { > case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: > - return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; > + return sign_extend32(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL, > + KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); > case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: > return KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; > case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: > @@ -574,7 +575,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > } > > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1: > - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; > + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); > > if (get_kernel_wa_level(reg->id) < wa_level) > return -EINVAL; > @@ -582,7 +583,7 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) > return 0; > > case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2: > - wa_level = val & KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_MASK; > + wa_level = sign_extend32(val, KVM_REG_FEATURE_LEVEL_WIDTH - 1); > > if (get_kernel_wa_level(reg->id) < wa_level) > return -EINVAL; > >
On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > > can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > them? > Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > always to be as strict as possible about those things. I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is actually possible. As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of describing the handling or errata. Thanks, M.
On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > > > > can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > > common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > > compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > > them? > > Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > > LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > > UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > > particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > > I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > > the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > > about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > > want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > > here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > > always to be as strict as possible about those things. > > I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given > configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a > register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and > is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is > actually possible. Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't think that's anything new. > As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It > is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and > whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. > > So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of > describing the handling or errata. For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the result). My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. We can tolerate a few though. If we accumulate a significant number of errata/vulnerability properties that need to be reported to userspace, this may be worth revisiting. If not, it doesn't matter. Cheers ---Dave
On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 17:26:02 +0000 Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > > > > > > can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > > > common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > > > compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > > > them? > > > Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > > > LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > > > UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > > > particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > > > I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > > > the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > > > about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > > > want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > > > here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > > > always to be as strict as possible about those things. > > > > I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given > > configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a > > register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and > > is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is > > actually possible. > > Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't > think that's anything new. Well, that was what I understood from Andre's question. > > > As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It > > is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and > > whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. > > > > So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of > > describing the handling or errata. > > For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of > the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead > of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the > result). > > My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of > arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. And this is where our understanding differs. I do not think userspace has to care at all. All it has to do is to provide the saved register values to the target system, and let KVM accept or refuse these settings. I can't see what providing a set of predefined values back to userspace gains us. An unknown register on the target system fails the restore phase: that's absolutely fine, as we don't want to run on a system that doesn't know about the mitigation. An incompatible value fails the restore as well, as KVM itself finds that this is a service it cannot safely provide. No userspace involvement, no QEMU upgrade required. Only the kernel knows about it. > We can tolerate a few though. If we accumulate a significant number > of errata/vulnerability properties that need to be reported to > userspace, this may be worth revisiting. If not, it doesn't matter. Andre: if you want this to make it into 5.1, the time is now. Thanks, M.
On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 09:07:31AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 17:26:02 +0000 > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > > On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > > > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, > > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > > > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > > > > > > > > can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > > > > common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > > > > compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > > > > them? > > > > Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > > > > LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > > > > UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > > > > particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > > > > I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > > > > the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > > > > about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > > > > want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > > > > here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > > > > always to be as strict as possible about those things. > > > > > > I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given > > > configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a > > > register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and > > > is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is > > > actually possible. > > > > Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't > > think that's anything new. > > Well, that was what I understood from Andre's question. > > > > > > As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It > > > is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and > > > whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. > > > > > > So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of > > > describing the handling or errata. > > > > For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of > > the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead > > of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the > > result). > > > > My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of > > arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. > > And this is where our understanding differs. I do not think userspace > has to care at all. All it has to do is to provide the saved register > values to the target system, and let KVM accept or refuse these > settings. I can't see what providing a set of predefined values back to > userspace gains us. Can we just pull all the UAPI header definitions then? If this is really kernel private, we don't even need userspace to know what the IDs mean, let alone what's in the registers. [...] Cheers ---Dave
On Mon, 18 Feb 2019 10:28:54 +0000 Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 09:07:31AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 17:26:02 +0000 > > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > > > > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, > > > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > > > > > Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > > > > > > > > > > can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > > > > > common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > > > > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > > > > > compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > > > > > them? > > > > > Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > > > > > LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > > > > > UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > > > > > particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > > > > > I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > > > > > the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > > > > > about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > > > > > want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > > > > > here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > > > > > always to be as strict as possible about those things. > > > > > > > > I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given > > > > configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a > > > > register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and > > > > is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is > > > > actually possible. > > > > > > Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't > > > think that's anything new. > > > > Well, that was what I understood from Andre's question. > > > > > > > > > As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It > > > > is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and > > > > whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. > > > > > > > > So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of > > > > describing the handling or errata. > > > > > > For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of > > > the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead > > > of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the > > > result). > > > > > > My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of > > > arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. > > > > And this is where our understanding differs. I do not think userspace > > has to care at all. All it has to do is to provide the saved register > > values to the target system, and let KVM accept or refuse these > > settings. I can't see what providing a set of predefined values back to > > userspace gains us. > > Can we just pull all the UAPI header definitions then? If this is > really kernel private, we don't even need userspace to know what the > IDs mean, let alone what's in the registers. I'm in two minds about this. Indeed, userspace shouldn't know about this. And yet this is userspace visible. If we make it kernel private, we still have the risk of accidentally breaking compatibility because "this is kernel private and we can do what we want". Sticking it into UAPI makes it abundantly clear that you cannot mess with this at all without the risk of breaking save/restore. Thanks, M.
On 18/02/2019 09:07, Marc Zyngier wrote: > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 17:26:02 +0000 > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: Hi, > >> On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: >>> On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, >>> Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: >>>> >>>> On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 >>>> Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: >>>> >>>> Peter, Marc, Christoffer, >>>> >>>> can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some >>>> common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of >>>> KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for >>>> compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about >>>> them? >>>> Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 >>>> LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means >>>> UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the >>>> particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. >>>> I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask >>>> the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care >>>> about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really >>>> want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel >>>> here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was >>>> always to be as strict as possible about those things. >>> >>> I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given >>> configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a >>> register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and >>> is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is >>> actually possible. >> >> Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't >> think that's anything new. > > Well, that was what I understood from Andre's question. > >> >>> As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It >>> is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and >>> whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. >>> >>> So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of >>> describing the handling or errata. >> >> For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of >> the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead >> of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the >> result). >> >> My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of >> arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. > > And this is where our understanding differs. I do not think userspace > has to care at all. All it has to do is to provide the saved register > values to the target system, and let KVM accept or refuse these > settings. I can't see what providing a set of predefined values back to > userspace gains us. > > An unknown register on the target system fails the restore phase: > that's absolutely fine, as we don't want to run on a system that > doesn't know about the mitigation. > > An incompatible value fails the restore as well, as KVM itself finds > that this is a service it cannot safely provide. > > No userspace involvement, no QEMU upgrade required. Only the kernel > knows about it. Yes, this is what I understand as well. From experience, many times when we were not strict enough about some userland interface, it backfired. The only case where such a forward-looking scheme would make sense is the case where the source system has a new kernel, advertising a new firmware workaround register, in an unknown or missing state (0 or -1). An older kernel on the target system might not know about this register. That would translate into "unknown", which is compatible with 0 or -1 from the source. So migration would be fine, but we deny it because the new kernel returns -EINVAL. But I am not sure this construct is worth implementing in the kernel. If people care about this case, they could implement a workaround in userland instead. Or just upgrade the target kernel before migration. >> We can tolerate a few though. If we accumulate a significant number >> of errata/vulnerability properties that need to be reported to >> userspace, this may be worth revisiting. If not, it doesn't matter. > > Andre: if you want this to make it into 5.1, the time is now. OK. So is v2 [1] fine then? This implements the much easier "bigger is better" scheme, but being 0 based instead of using a 4-bit signed encoding. Let me know if there is something to rework in there. Cheers, Andre. [1] http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2019-January/627739.html
On Mon, 18 Feb 2019 11:29:57 +0000 André Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > On 18/02/2019 09:07, Marc Zyngier wrote: > > On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 17:26:02 +0000 > > Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com> wrote: > > Hi, > > > > >> On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 11:42:27AM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote: > >>> On Fri, 15 Feb 2019 09:58:57 +0000, > >>> Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > >>>> > >>>> On Wed, 30 Jan 2019 11:39:00 +0000 > >>>> Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> wrote: > >>>> > >>>> Peter, Marc, Christoffer, > >>>> > >>>> can we have an opinion on whether it's useful to introduce some > >>>> common scheme for firmware workaround system registers (parts of > >>>> KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(x)), which would allow checking them for > >>>> compatibility between two kernels without specifically knowing about > >>>> them? > >>>> Dave suggested to introduce some kind of signed encoding in the 4 > >>>> LSBs for all those registers (including future ones), where 0 means > >>>> UNKNOWN and greater values are better. So without knowing about the > >>>> particular register, one could judge whether it's safe to migrate. > >>>> I am just not sure how useful this is, given that QEMU seems to ask > >>>> the receiving kernel about any sysreg, and doesn't particularly care > >>>> about the meaning of those registers. And I am not sure we really > >>>> want to introduce some kind of forward looking scheme in the kernel > >>>> here, short of a working crystal ball. I think the kernel policy was > >>>> always to be as strict as possible about those things. > >>> > >>> I honestly don't understand how userspace can decide whether a given > >>> configuration is migratable or not solely based on the value of such a > >>> register. In my experience, the target system has a role to play, and > >>> is the only place where we can find out about whether migration is > >>> actually possible. > >> > >> Both origin and target system need to be taken into account. I don't > >> think that's anything new. > > > > Well, that was what I understood from Andre's question. > > > >> > >>> As you said, userspace doesn't interpret the data, nor should it. It > >>> is only on the receiving end that compatibility is assessed and > >>> whether some level of compatibility can be safely ensured. > >>> > >>> So to sum it up, I don't believe in this approach as a general way of > >>> describing the handling or errata. > >> > >> For context, my idea attempted to put KVM, not userspace, in charge of > >> the decision: userspace applies fixed comparison rules determined ahead > >> of time, but KVM supplies the values compared (and hence determines the > >> result). > >> > >> My worry was that otherwise we may end up with a wild-west tangle of > >> arbitrary properties that userspace needs specific knowledge about. > > > > And this is where our understanding differs. I do not think userspace > > has to care at all. All it has to do is to provide the saved register > > values to the target system, and let KVM accept or refuse these > > settings. I can't see what providing a set of predefined values back to > > userspace gains us. > > > > An unknown register on the target system fails the restore phase: > > that's absolutely fine, as we don't want to run on a system that > > doesn't know about the mitigation. > > > > An incompatible value fails the restore as well, as KVM itself finds > > that this is a service it cannot safely provide. > > > > No userspace involvement, no QEMU upgrade required. Only the kernel > > knows about it. > > Yes, this is what I understand as well. From experience, many times when > we were not strict enough about some userland interface, it backfired. > > The only case where such a forward-looking scheme would make sense is > the case where the source system has a new kernel, advertising a new > firmware workaround register, in an unknown or missing state (0 or -1). > An older kernel on the target system might not know about this register. > That would translate into "unknown", which is compatible with 0 or -1 > from the source. So migration would be fine, but we deny it because the > new kernel returns -EINVAL. > > But I am not sure this construct is worth implementing in the kernel. If > people care about this case, they could implement a workaround in > userland instead. Or just upgrade the target kernel before migration. Upgrading the target may not be convenient. But more importantly, I don't think we expect downgrades to be supported. This can break for an infinity of reasons, such as the feature set implemented on the source not being there on the target. As you said, if userspace wants to bypass these restrictions, it can alter the data before restoring. > > >> We can tolerate a few though. If we accumulate a significant number > >> of errata/vulnerability properties that need to be reported to > >> userspace, this may be worth revisiting. If not, it doesn't matter. > > > > Andre: if you want this to make it into 5.1, the time is now. > > OK. So is v2 [1] fine then? This implements the much easier "bigger is > better" scheme, but being 0 based instead of using a 4-bit signed encoding. > Let me know if there is something to rework in there. > > Cheers, > Andre. > > [1] > http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2019-January/627739.html Sorry, I've lost track of which is which. Please post something that is consistent, and addresses Steve's concerns if there is still any. Make sure it applies on top of the current kvmarm/next, and provide evidences that you've tested migration on the expected working and expected failing configurations. Thanks, M.
On Mon, 7 Jan 2019 13:17:37 +0000 Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com> wrote: Hi, > On 07/01/2019 12:05, Andre Przywara wrote: > > KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache speculation > > vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to ensure mitigation is > > active. > > If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different support > > level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, to ensure that > > critical guests don't loose their protection. > > > > Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds state. > > On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade our > > mitigation level. > > > > Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> > > --- > > arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ > > arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ > > arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ > > virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- > > 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) > > > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > index 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 > > --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > > } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > +{ > > + return false; > > +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; > > diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 > > --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 > > > > /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ > > #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > index 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 > > --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h > > @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; > > } > > > > +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > +{ > > + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > +} > > + > > +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, > > + bool flag) > > +{ > > + if (flag) > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > + else > > + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; > > +} > > + > > static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > > { > > if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { > > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > index 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 > > --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h > > @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ > > KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) > > #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 > > +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 > > I can't help feeling we need more than one bit to deal with all the > possible states. The host can support/not-support the workaround (i.e > the HVC) and the guest can be using/not using the workaround. > > In particular I can imagine the following situation: > > * Guest starts on a host (host A) without the workaround HVC (so > configures not to use it). Assuming the host doesn't need the workaround > the guest is therefore not vulnerable. > > * Migrated to a new host (host B) with the workaround HVC (this is > accepted), the guest is potentially vulnerable. > > * Migration back to the original host (host A) is then rejected, even > though the guest isn't using the HVC. > > I can see two options here: > > * Reject the migration to host B as the guest may be vulnerable after > the migration. I.e. the workaround availability cannot change (either > way) during a migration > > * Store an extra bit of information which is whether a particular guest > has the HVC exposed to it. Ideally the HVC handling for the workaround > would also get disabled when running on a host which supports the HVC > but was migrated from a host which doesn't. This prevents problems with > a guest which is e.g. migrated during boot and may do feature detection > after the migration. > > Since this is a new ABI it would be good to get the register values > sorted even if we don't have a complete implementation of it. So I thought about this a bit more and now implemented something like a combination of your two options above: - There is a new UNAFFECTED state, which is currently unused. As mentioned before, the current NOT_AVAIL does not mean not needed, but actually translates as "unknown". At the moment this is our best guess on this matter. There are patches on the list which extend the host workaround code, so we can then actually differentiate between "unknown" and "always mitigated". Once they have landed, we can then communicate this new state to userland. - For now we are very strict and allow only migration if the workaround levels are identical. Since the guest may have detected either one state during its boot, we don't have much of a choice here. When we later gain the UNAFFECTED state, we can additionally allow migration from "NOT_AVAIL" to "UNAFFECTED". I hope this covers your concerns. Cheers, Andre.
diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index 77121b713bef..2255c50debab 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -275,6 +275,16 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) return vcpu_cp15(vcpu, c0_MPIDR) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ + return false; +} + +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, + bool flag) +{ +} + static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) { *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= PSR_E_BIT; diff --git a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 4602464ebdfb..02c93b1d8f6d 100644 --- a/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ b/arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -214,6 +214,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h index 506386a3edde..a44f07f68da4 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h @@ -336,6 +336,20 @@ static inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_mpidr_aff(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MPIDR_EL1) & MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK; } +static inline bool kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) +{ + return vcpu->arch.workaround_flags & VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} + +static inline void kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, + bool flag) +{ + if (flag) + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags |= VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; + else + vcpu->arch.workaround_flags &= ~VCPU_WORKAROUND_2_FLAG; +} + static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) { if (vcpu_mode_is_32bit(vcpu)) { diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h index 97c3478ee6e7..4a19ef199a99 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h @@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_events { #define KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(r) (KVM_REG_ARM64 | KVM_REG_SIZE_U64 | \ KVM_REG_ARM_FW | ((r) & 0xffff)) #define KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(0) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(1) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 KVM_REG_ARM_FW_REG(2) +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK 0x3 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL 0 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL 1 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED 2 +#define KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED 4 /* Device Control API: ARM VGIC */ #define KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR 0 diff --git a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c index 9b73d3ad918a..4c671908ef62 100644 --- a/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c +++ b/virt/kvm/arm/psci.c @@ -445,12 +445,18 @@ int kvm_hvc_call_handler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) int kvm_arm_get_fw_num_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) { - return 1; /* PSCI version */ + return 3; /* PSCI version and two workaround registers */ } int kvm_arm_copy_fw_reg_indices(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 __user *uindices) { - if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices)) + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_PSCI_VERSION, uindices++)) + return -EFAULT; + + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, uindices++)) + return -EFAULT; + + if (put_user(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2, uindices++)) return -EFAULT; return 0; @@ -469,6 +475,45 @@ int kvm_arm_get_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) return 0; } + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; + u64 val = 0; + + if (kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) + val = KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL; + + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) + return -EFAULT; + + return 0; + } + + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; + u64 val = KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL; + + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: + break; + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL; + break; + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED; + break; + } + + if (kvm_arm_get_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu)) + val |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED; + + if (copy_to_user(uaddr, &val, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) + return -EFAULT; + + return 0; + } + return -EINVAL; } @@ -499,5 +544,94 @@ int kvm_arm_set_fw_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const struct kvm_one_reg *reg) } } + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1) { + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; + u64 val; + + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) + return -EFAULT; + + /* Make sure we support WORKAROUND_1 if userland asks for it. */ + if ((val & KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) && + !kvm_arm_harden_branch_predictor()) + return -EINVAL; + + /* Any other bit is reserved. */ + if (val & ~KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1_AVAIL) + return -EINVAL; + + return 0; + } + + if (reg->id == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2) { + void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(long)reg->addr; + unsigned int wa_state; + bool wa_flag; + u64 val; + + if (copy_from_user(&val, uaddr, KVM_REG_SIZE(reg->id))) + return -EFAULT; + + /* Reject any unknown bits. */ + if (val & ~(KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK| + KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_ENABLED)) + return -EINVAL; + + /* + * The value passed from userland has to be compatible with + * our own workaround status. We also have to consider the + * requested per-VCPU state for some combinations: + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- + * \ user value | | | + * ------------ | SSBD_NONE | SSBD_KERNEL | SSBD_ALWAYS + * this kernel \| | | + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- + * UNKNOWN | OK | -EINVAL | -EINVAL + * FORCE_DISABLE | | | + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- + * KERNEL | OK | copy VCPU state | set VCPU state + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- + * FORCE_ENABLE | OK | OK | OK + * MITIGATED | | | + * --------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------- + */ + + wa_state = val & KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; + switch (wa_state) { + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_NOT_AVAIL: + /* We can always support no mitigation (1st column). */ + return 0; + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_AVAIL: + case KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED: + break; + default: + return -EINVAL; + } + + switch (kvm_arm_have_ssbd()) { + case KVM_SSBD_UNKNOWN: + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_DISABLE: + default: + /* ... but some mitigation was requested (1st line). */ + return -EINVAL; + case KVM_SSBD_FORCE_ENABLE: + case KVM_SSBD_MITIGATED: + /* Always-on is always compatible (3rd line). */ + return 0; + case KVM_SSBD_KERNEL: /* 2nd line */ + wa_flag = val; + wa_flag |= KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_MASK; + + /* Force on when always-on is requested. */ + if (wa_state == KVM_REG_ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2_UNAFFECTED) + wa_flag = true; + break; + } + + kvm_arm_set_vcpu_workaround_2_flag(vcpu, wa_flag); + + return 0; + } + return -EINVAL; }
KVM implements the firmware interface for mitigating cache speculation vulnerabilities. Guests may use this interface to ensure mitigation is active. If we want to migrate such a guest to a host with a different support level for those workarounds, migration might need to fail, to ensure that critical guests don't loose their protection. Introduce a way for userland to save and restore the workarounds state. On restoring we do checks that make sure we don't downgrade our mitigation level. Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com> --- arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 10 ++ arch/arm/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 14 +++ arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 9 ++ virt/kvm/arm/psci.c | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 5 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)