diff mbox series

[09/27] sparse-index: convert from full to sparse

Message ID dcdc9f2532a5f6c385e98b069c41ac2ccde3053c.1611596534.git.gitgitgadget@gmail.com (mailing list archive)
State New, archived
Headers show
Series Sparse Index | expand

Commit Message

Derrick Stolee Jan. 25, 2021, 5:41 p.m. UTC
From: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com>

If we have a full index, then we can convert it to a sparse index by
replacing directories outside of the sparse cone with sparse directory
entries. The convert_to_sparse() method does this, when the situation is
appropriate.

For now, we avoid converting the index to a sparse index if:

 1. the index is split.
 2. the index is already sparse.
 3. sparse-checkout is disabled.
 4. sparse-checkout does not use cone mode.

Finally, we currently limit the conversion to when the
GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX environment variable is enabled. A mode using Git
config will be added in a later change.

The trickiest thing about this conversion is that we might not be able
to mark a directory as a sparse directory just because it is outside the
sparse cone. There might be unmerged files within that directory, so we
need to look for those. Also, if there is some strange reason why a file
is not marked with CE_SKIP_WORKTREE, then we should give up on
converting that directory. There is still hope that some of its
subdirectories might be able to convert to sparse, so we keep looking
deeper.

The conversion process is assisted by the cache-tree extension. This is
calculated from the full index if it does not already exist. We then
abandon the cache-tree as it no longer applies to the newly-sparse
index. Thus, this cache-tree will be recalculated in every
sparse-full-sparse round-trip until we integrate the cache-tree
extension with the sparse index.

We can compare the behavior of the sparse-index in
t1092-sparse-checkout-compability.sh by using GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1
when operating on the 'sparse-index' repo. We can also compare the two
sparse repos directly, such as comparing their indexes (when expanded to
full in the case of the 'sparse-index' repo). We also verify that the
index is actually populated with sparse directory entries.

The 'checkout and reset (mixed)' test is marked for failure when
comparing a sparse repo to a full repo, but we can compare the two
sparse-checkout cases directly to ensure that we are not changing the
behavior when using a sparse index.

Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com>
---
 cache-tree.c                             |   3 +
 read-cache.c                             |  18 ++-
 sparse-index.c                           | 139 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh |  63 +++++++++-
 4 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

Comments

Elijah Newren Jan. 27, 2021, 5:30 p.m. UTC | #1
On Mon, Jan 25, 2021 at 9:42 AM Derrick Stolee via GitGitGadget
<gitgitgadget@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> From: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com>
>
> If we have a full index, then we can convert it to a sparse index by
> replacing directories outside of the sparse cone with sparse directory
> entries. The convert_to_sparse() method does this, when the situation is
> appropriate.
>
> For now, we avoid converting the index to a sparse index if:
>
>  1. the index is split.
>  2. the index is already sparse.
>  3. sparse-checkout is disabled.
>  4. sparse-checkout does not use cone mode.
>
> Finally, we currently limit the conversion to when the
> GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX environment variable is enabled. A mode using Git
> config will be added in a later change.
>
> The trickiest thing about this conversion is that we might not be able
> to mark a directory as a sparse directory just because it is outside the
> sparse cone. There might be unmerged files within that directory, so we
> need to look for those. Also, if there is some strange reason why a file
> is not marked with CE_SKIP_WORKTREE, then we should give up on
> converting that directory. There is still hope that some of its
> subdirectories might be able to convert to sparse, so we keep looking
> deeper.

Oh good, you check for *both* unmerged entries and !CE_SKIP_WORKTREE
ones.  Very nice.

>
> The conversion process is assisted by the cache-tree extension. This is
> calculated from the full index if it does not already exist. We then
> abandon the cache-tree as it no longer applies to the newly-sparse
> index. Thus, this cache-tree will be recalculated in every
> sparse-full-sparse round-trip until we integrate the cache-tree
> extension with the sparse index.

When going from full to sparse, won't the parts of the cache-tree for
paths outside of sparsified directories still be valid?  Can't we use
those?

Also, when going from sparse to full, can't we just populate the
cache-tree as well since we have to read trees to get the individual
file entries and we will get all the directory (tree) values at the
same time?

> We can compare the behavior of the sparse-index in
> t1092-sparse-checkout-compability.sh by using GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1
> when operating on the 'sparse-index' repo. We can also compare the two
> sparse repos directly, such as comparing their indexes (when expanded to
> full in the case of the 'sparse-index' repo). We also verify that the
> index is actually populated with sparse directory entries.
>
> The 'checkout and reset (mixed)' test is marked for failure when
> comparing a sparse repo to a full repo, but we can compare the two
> sparse-checkout cases directly to ensure that we are not changing the
> behavior when using a sparse index.
>
> Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com>
> ---
>  cache-tree.c                             |   3 +
>  read-cache.c                             |  18 ++-
>  sparse-index.c                           | 139 +++++++++++++++++++++++
>  t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh |  63 +++++++++-
>  4 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
> index 2fb483d3c08..5f07a39e501 100644
> --- a/cache-tree.c
> +++ b/cache-tree.c
> @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
>  #include "object-store.h"
>  #include "replace-object.h"
>  #include "promisor-remote.h"
> +#include "sparse-index.h"
>
>  #ifndef DEBUG_CACHE_TREE
>  #define DEBUG_CACHE_TREE 0
> @@ -442,6 +443,8 @@ int cache_tree_update(struct index_state *istate, int flags)
>         if (i)
>                 return i;
>
> +       ensure_full_index(istate);
> +
>         if (!istate->cache_tree)
>                 istate->cache_tree = cache_tree();
>
> diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
> index 1097ecbf132..0522260416e 100644
> --- a/read-cache.c
> +++ b/read-cache.c
> @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
>  #include "fsmonitor.h"
>  #include "thread-utils.h"
>  #include "progress.h"
> +#include "sparse-index.h"
>
>  /* Mask for the name length in ce_flags in the on-disk index */
>
> @@ -1002,8 +1003,15 @@ int verify_path(const char *path, unsigned mode)
>
>                         c = *path++;
>                         if ((c == '.' && !verify_dotfile(path, mode)) ||
> -                           is_dir_sep(c) || c == '\0')
> +                           is_dir_sep(c))
>                                 return 0;
> +                       /*
> +                        * allow terminating directory separators for
> +                        * sparse directory enries.

s/enries/entries/

> +                        */
> +                       if (c == '\0')
> +                               return mode == CE_MODE_SPARSE_DIRECTORY ||
> +                                      mode == SPARSE_DIR_MODE;

Why two values here?  I get confused why you have both (which isn't
new to this patch; I'm just still confused from when I saw
SPARSE_DIR_MODE).

>                 } else if (c == '\\' && protect_ntfs) {
>                         if (is_ntfs_dotgit(path))
>                                 return 0;
> @@ -3062,6 +3070,13 @@ static int do_write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *l
>  {
>         int ret;
>
> +       ret = convert_to_sparse(istate);
> +
> +       if (ret) {
> +               warning(_("failed to convert to a sparse-index"));
> +               return ret;
> +       }
> +
>         /*
>          * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
>          * that is associated with the given "istate".
> @@ -3165,6 +3180,7 @@ static int write_shared_index(struct index_state *istate,
>         int ret;
>
>         move_cache_to_base_index(istate);
> +       convert_to_sparse(istate);
>
>         trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "shared/do_write_index",
>                                    the_repository, "%s", (*temp)->filename.buf);
> diff --git a/sparse-index.c b/sparse-index.c
> index 1e70244dc13..d8f1a5a13d7 100644
> --- a/sparse-index.c
> +++ b/sparse-index.c
> @@ -4,6 +4,145 @@
>  #include "tree.h"
>  #include "pathspec.h"
>  #include "trace2.h"
> +#include "cache-tree.h"
> +#include "config.h"
> +#include "dir.h"
> +#include "fsmonitor.h"
> +
> +static struct cache_entry *construct_sparse_dir_entry(
> +                               struct index_state *istate,
> +                               const char *sparse_dir,
> +                               struct cache_tree *tree)
> +{
> +       struct cache_entry *de;
> +
> +       de = make_cache_entry(istate, SPARSE_DIR_MODE, &tree->oid, sparse_dir, 0, 0);
> +
> +       de->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
> +       return de;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Returns the number of entries "inserted" into the index.
> + */
> +static int convert_to_sparse_rec(struct index_state *istate,
> +                                int num_converted,
> +                                int start, int end,
> +                                const char *ct_path, size_t ct_pathlen,
> +                                struct cache_tree *ct)
> +{
> +       int i, can_convert = 1;
> +       int start_converted = num_converted;
> +       enum pattern_match_result match;
> +       int dtype;
> +       struct strbuf child_path = STRBUF_INIT;
> +       struct pattern_list *pl = istate->sparse_checkout_patterns;
> +
> +       /*
> +        * Is the current path outside of the sparse cone?
> +        * Then check if the region can be replaced by a sparse
> +        * directory entry (everything is sparse and merged).
> +        */
> +       match = path_matches_pattern_list(ct_path, ct_pathlen,
> +                                         NULL, &dtype, pl, istate);
> +       if (match != NOT_MATCHED)
> +               can_convert = 0;

I know some people hate gotos, but this seems like one of the cases
where a goto jumping after the following for & if would be clearer
then setting can_convert to 0.

> +
> +       for (i = start; can_convert && i < end; i++) {

Instead of checking can_convert here...

> +               struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
> +
> +               if (ce_stage(ce) ||
> +                   !(ce->ce_flags & CE_SKIP_WORKTREE))
> +                       can_convert = 0;

...could you just insert a break here?

> +       }
> +
> +       if (can_convert) {
> +               struct cache_entry *se;
> +               se = construct_sparse_dir_entry(istate, ct_path, ct);
> +
> +               istate->cache[num_converted++] = se;
> +               return 1;
> +       }
> +
> +       for (i = start; i < end; ) {
> +               int count, span, pos = -1;
> +               const char *base, *slash;
> +               struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
> +
> +               /*
> +                * Detect if this is a normal entry oustide of any subtree

s/oustide/outside/

> +                * entry.
> +                */
> +               base = ce->name + ct_pathlen;
> +               slash = strchr(base, '/');
> +
> +               if (slash)
> +                       pos = cache_tree_subtree_pos(ct, base, slash - base);
> +
> +               if (pos < 0) {
> +                       istate->cache[num_converted++] = ce;
> +                       i++;
> +                       continue;
> +               }
> +
> +               strbuf_setlen(&child_path, 0);
> +               strbuf_add(&child_path, ce->name, slash - ce->name + 1);
> +
> +               span = ct->down[pos]->cache_tree->entry_count;
> +               count = convert_to_sparse_rec(istate,
> +                                             num_converted, i, i + span,
> +                                             child_path.buf, child_path.len,
> +                                             ct->down[pos]->cache_tree);
> +               num_converted += count;
> +               i += span;

And there's no i++ in the loop itself, so this is good.

> +       }
> +
> +       strbuf_release(&child_path);
> +       return num_converted - start_converted;
> +}
> +
> +int convert_to_sparse(struct index_state *istate)
> +{
> +       if (istate->split_index || istate->sparse_index ||
> +           !core_apply_sparse_checkout || !core_sparse_checkout_cone)
> +               return 0;
> +
> +       /*
> +        * For now, only create a sparse index with the
> +        * GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX environment variable. We will relax
> +        * this once we have a proper way to opt-in (and later still,
> +        * opt-out).
> +        */
> +       if (!git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX", 0))
> +               return 0;
> +
> +       if (!istate->sparse_checkout_patterns) {
> +               istate->sparse_checkout_patterns = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct pattern_list));
> +               if (get_sparse_checkout_patterns(istate->sparse_checkout_patterns) < 0)
> +                       return 0;
> +       }
> +
> +       if (!istate->sparse_checkout_patterns->use_cone_patterns) {
> +               warning(_("attempting to use sparse-index without cone mode"));
> +               return -1;
> +       }
> +
> +       if (cache_tree_update(istate, 0)) {
> +               warning(_("unable to update cache-tree, staying full"));
> +               return -1;
> +       }
> +
> +       remove_fsmonitor(istate);
> +
> +       trace2_region_enter("index", "convert_to_sparse", istate->repo);
> +       istate->cache_nr = convert_to_sparse_rec(istate,
> +                                                0, 0, istate->cache_nr,
> +                                                "", 0, istate->cache_tree);
> +       istate->drop_cache_tree = 1;
> +       istate->sparse_index = 1;
> +       trace2_region_leave("index", "convert_to_sparse", istate->repo);
> +       return 0;
> +}
>
>  static void set_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
>  {
> diff --git a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
> index 3aa9b0d21b4..22becbaca2e 100755
> --- a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
> +++ b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
> @@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
>
>  test_description='compare full workdir to sparse workdir'
>
> +GIT_TEST_CHECK_CACHE_TREE=0

Why do you need to set this?  I vaguely remember needing to mess with
this when working with sparse checkouts because it did weird stuff but
I don't remember details.  But since you patch touches cache_trees, it
seems weird to show up without explanation.

> +GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX=0
> +
>  . ./test-lib.sh
>
>  test_expect_success 'setup' '
> @@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ run_on_sparse () {
>         ) &&
>         (
>                 cd sparse-index &&
> -               $* >../sparse-index-out 2>../sparse-index-err
> +               GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 $* >../sparse-index-out 2>../sparse-index-err
>         )
>  }
>
> @@ -121,7 +124,9 @@ run_on_all () {
>  test_all_match () {
>         run_on_all $* &&
>         test_cmp full-checkout-out sparse-checkout-out &&
> -       test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-checkout-err
> +       test_cmp full-checkout-out sparse-index-out &&
> +       test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-checkout-err &&
> +       test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-index-err
>  }
>
>  test_sparse_match () {
> @@ -130,6 +135,38 @@ test_sparse_match () {
>         test_cmp sparse-checkout-err sparse-index-err
>  }
>
> +test_expect_success 'sparse-index contents' '
> +       init_repos &&
> +
> +       test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
> +       for dir in folder1 folder2 x
> +       do
> +               TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
> +               grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \
> +                       || return 1
> +       done &&
> +
> +       GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 git -C sparse-index sparse-checkout set folder1 &&
> +
> +       test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
> +       for dir in deep folder2 x
> +       do
> +               TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
> +               grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \

It would seem clearer to me if this output were to better match `git
ls-tree -rt ...` output (or at least the ' tree ' lines from such
output).

> +                       || return 1
> +       done &&
> +
> +       GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 git -C sparse-index sparse-checkout set deep/deeper1 &&
> +
> +       test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
> +       for dir in deep/deeper2 folder1 folder2 x
> +       do
> +               TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
> +               grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \
> +                       || return 1
> +       done
> +'
> +
>  test_expect_success 'expanded in-memory index matches full index' '
>         init_repos &&
>         test_sparse_match test-tool read-cache --expand --table --no-stat
> @@ -137,6 +174,7 @@ test_expect_success 'expanded in-memory index matches full index' '
>
>  test_expect_success 'status with options' '
>         init_repos &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 -z -u &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 -uno &&
> @@ -169,7 +207,7 @@ test_expect_success 'add, commit, checkout' '
>
>         test_all_match git add -A &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
> -       test_all_match git commit -m "Extend README.md" &&
> +       test_all_match git commit -m "Extend-README.md" &&

Why this change?

>
>         test_all_match git checkout HEAD~1 &&
>         test_all_match git checkout - &&
> @@ -273,6 +311,17 @@ test_expect_failure 'checkout and reset (mixed)' '
>         test_all_match git reset update-folder2
>  '
>
> +# Ensure that sparse-index behaves identically to
> +# sparse-checkout with a full index.
> +test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (mixed) [sparse]' '
> +       init_repos &&
> +
> +       test_sparse_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
> +       test_sparse_match git reset deepest &&
> +       test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 &&
> +       test_sparse_match git reset update-folder2
> +'
> +
>  test_expect_success 'merge' '
>         init_repos &&
>
> @@ -309,14 +358,20 @@ test_expect_success 'clean' '
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
>         test_all_match git clean -f &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
>
>         test_all_match git clean -xf &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
>
>         test_all_match git clean -xdf &&
>         test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls &&
> +       test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
>
> -       test_path_is_dir sparse-checkout/folder1
> +       test_sparse_match test_path_is_dir folder1
>  '
>
>  test_done
> --
> gitgitgadget
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index 2fb483d3c08..5f07a39e501 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ 
 #include "object-store.h"
 #include "replace-object.h"
 #include "promisor-remote.h"
+#include "sparse-index.h"
 
 #ifndef DEBUG_CACHE_TREE
 #define DEBUG_CACHE_TREE 0
@@ -442,6 +443,8 @@  int cache_tree_update(struct index_state *istate, int flags)
 	if (i)
 		return i;
 
+	ensure_full_index(istate);
+
 	if (!istate->cache_tree)
 		istate->cache_tree = cache_tree();
 
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 1097ecbf132..0522260416e 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ 
 #include "fsmonitor.h"
 #include "thread-utils.h"
 #include "progress.h"
+#include "sparse-index.h"
 
 /* Mask for the name length in ce_flags in the on-disk index */
 
@@ -1002,8 +1003,15 @@  int verify_path(const char *path, unsigned mode)
 
 			c = *path++;
 			if ((c == '.' && !verify_dotfile(path, mode)) ||
-			    is_dir_sep(c) || c == '\0')
+			    is_dir_sep(c))
 				return 0;
+			/*
+			 * allow terminating directory separators for
+			 * sparse directory enries.
+			 */
+			if (c == '\0')
+				return mode == CE_MODE_SPARSE_DIRECTORY ||
+				       mode == SPARSE_DIR_MODE;
 		} else if (c == '\\' && protect_ntfs) {
 			if (is_ntfs_dotgit(path))
 				return 0;
@@ -3062,6 +3070,13 @@  static int do_write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *l
 {
 	int ret;
 
+	ret = convert_to_sparse(istate);
+
+	if (ret) {
+		warning(_("failed to convert to a sparse-index"));
+		return ret;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
 	 * that is associated with the given "istate".
@@ -3165,6 +3180,7 @@  static int write_shared_index(struct index_state *istate,
 	int ret;
 
 	move_cache_to_base_index(istate);
+	convert_to_sparse(istate);
 
 	trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "shared/do_write_index",
 				   the_repository, "%s", (*temp)->filename.buf);
diff --git a/sparse-index.c b/sparse-index.c
index 1e70244dc13..d8f1a5a13d7 100644
--- a/sparse-index.c
+++ b/sparse-index.c
@@ -4,6 +4,145 @@ 
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 #include "trace2.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
+
+static struct cache_entry *construct_sparse_dir_entry(
+				struct index_state *istate,
+				const char *sparse_dir,
+				struct cache_tree *tree)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *de;
+
+	de = make_cache_entry(istate, SPARSE_DIR_MODE, &tree->oid, sparse_dir, 0, 0);
+
+	de->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
+	return de;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the number of entries "inserted" into the index.
+ */
+static int convert_to_sparse_rec(struct index_state *istate,
+				 int num_converted,
+				 int start, int end,
+				 const char *ct_path, size_t ct_pathlen,
+				 struct cache_tree *ct)
+{
+	int i, can_convert = 1;
+	int start_converted = num_converted;
+	enum pattern_match_result match;
+	int dtype;
+	struct strbuf child_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pattern_list *pl = istate->sparse_checkout_patterns;
+
+	/*
+	 * Is the current path outside of the sparse cone?
+	 * Then check if the region can be replaced by a sparse
+	 * directory entry (everything is sparse and merged).
+	 */
+	match = path_matches_pattern_list(ct_path, ct_pathlen,
+					  NULL, &dtype, pl, istate);
+	if (match != NOT_MATCHED)
+		can_convert = 0;
+
+	for (i = start; can_convert && i < end; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+
+		if (ce_stage(ce) ||
+		    !(ce->ce_flags & CE_SKIP_WORKTREE))
+			can_convert = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (can_convert) {
+		struct cache_entry *se;
+		se = construct_sparse_dir_entry(istate, ct_path, ct);
+
+		istate->cache[num_converted++] = se;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = start; i < end; ) {
+		int count, span, pos = -1;
+		const char *base, *slash;
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+
+		/*
+		 * Detect if this is a normal entry oustide of any subtree
+		 * entry.
+		 */
+		base = ce->name + ct_pathlen;
+		slash = strchr(base, '/');
+
+		if (slash)
+			pos = cache_tree_subtree_pos(ct, base, slash - base);
+
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			istate->cache[num_converted++] = ce;
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&child_path, 0);
+		strbuf_add(&child_path, ce->name, slash - ce->name + 1);
+
+		span = ct->down[pos]->cache_tree->entry_count;
+		count = convert_to_sparse_rec(istate,
+					      num_converted, i, i + span,
+					      child_path.buf, child_path.len,
+					      ct->down[pos]->cache_tree);
+		num_converted += count;
+		i += span;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&child_path);
+	return num_converted - start_converted;
+}
+
+int convert_to_sparse(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	if (istate->split_index || istate->sparse_index ||
+	    !core_apply_sparse_checkout || !core_sparse_checkout_cone)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * For now, only create a sparse index with the
+	 * GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX environment variable. We will relax
+	 * this once we have a proper way to opt-in (and later still,
+	 * opt-out).
+	 */
+	if (!git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX", 0))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!istate->sparse_checkout_patterns) {
+		istate->sparse_checkout_patterns = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct pattern_list));
+		if (get_sparse_checkout_patterns(istate->sparse_checkout_patterns) < 0)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!istate->sparse_checkout_patterns->use_cone_patterns) {
+		warning(_("attempting to use sparse-index without cone mode"));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (cache_tree_update(istate, 0)) {
+		warning(_("unable to update cache-tree, staying full"));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	remove_fsmonitor(istate);
+
+	trace2_region_enter("index", "convert_to_sparse", istate->repo);
+	istate->cache_nr = convert_to_sparse_rec(istate,
+						 0, 0, istate->cache_nr,
+						 "", 0, istate->cache_tree);
+	istate->drop_cache_tree = 1;
+	istate->sparse_index = 1;
+	trace2_region_leave("index", "convert_to_sparse", istate->repo);
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static void set_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
diff --git a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
index 3aa9b0d21b4..22becbaca2e 100755
--- a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
+++ b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ 
 
 test_description='compare full workdir to sparse workdir'
 
+GIT_TEST_CHECK_CACHE_TREE=0
+GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX=0
+
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@  run_on_sparse () {
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd sparse-index &&
-		$* >../sparse-index-out 2>../sparse-index-err
+		GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 $* >../sparse-index-out 2>../sparse-index-err
 	)
 }
 
@@ -121,7 +124,9 @@  run_on_all () {
 test_all_match () {
 	run_on_all $* &&
 	test_cmp full-checkout-out sparse-checkout-out &&
-	test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-checkout-err
+	test_cmp full-checkout-out sparse-index-out &&
+	test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-checkout-err &&
+	test_cmp full-checkout-err sparse-index-err
 }
 
 test_sparse_match () {
@@ -130,6 +135,38 @@  test_sparse_match () {
 	test_cmp sparse-checkout-err sparse-index-err
 }
 
+test_expect_success 'sparse-index contents' '
+	init_repos &&
+
+	test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
+	for dir in folder1 folder2 x
+	do
+		TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
+		grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \
+			|| return 1
+	done &&
+
+	GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 git -C sparse-index sparse-checkout set folder1 &&
+
+	test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
+	for dir in deep folder2 x
+	do
+		TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
+		grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \
+			|| return 1
+	done &&
+
+	GIT_TEST_SPARSE_INDEX=1 git -C sparse-index sparse-checkout set deep/deeper1 &&
+
+	test-tool -C sparse-index read-cache --table --no-stat >cache &&
+	for dir in deep/deeper2 folder1 folder2 x
+	do
+		TREE=$(git -C sparse-index rev-parse HEAD:$dir) &&
+		grep "0b0000 0755 $TREE $dir/" cache \
+			|| return 1
+	done
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'expanded in-memory index matches full index' '
 	init_repos &&
 	test_sparse_match test-tool read-cache --expand --table --no-stat
@@ -137,6 +174,7 @@  test_expect_success 'expanded in-memory index matches full index' '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with options' '
 	init_repos &&
+	test_sparse_match ls &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 -z -u &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 -uno &&
@@ -169,7 +207,7 @@  test_expect_success 'add, commit, checkout' '
 
 	test_all_match git add -A &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
-	test_all_match git commit -m "Extend README.md" &&
+	test_all_match git commit -m "Extend-README.md" &&
 
 	test_all_match git checkout HEAD~1 &&
 	test_all_match git checkout - &&
@@ -273,6 +311,17 @@  test_expect_failure 'checkout and reset (mixed)' '
 	test_all_match git reset update-folder2
 '
 
+# Ensure that sparse-index behaves identically to
+# sparse-checkout with a full index.
+test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (mixed) [sparse]' '
+	init_repos &&
+
+	test_sparse_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
+	test_sparse_match git reset deepest &&
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 &&
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge' '
 	init_repos &&
 
@@ -309,14 +358,20 @@  test_expect_success 'clean' '
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
 	test_all_match git clean -f &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+	test_sparse_match ls &&
+	test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
 
 	test_all_match git clean -xf &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+	test_sparse_match ls &&
+	test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
 
 	test_all_match git clean -xdf &&
 	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+	test_sparse_match ls &&
+	test_sparse_match ls folder1 &&
 
-	test_path_is_dir sparse-checkout/folder1
+	test_sparse_match test_path_is_dir folder1
 '
 
 test_done