diff mbox series

[v8,09/13] mm: vmscan: add per memcg shrinker nr_deferred

Message ID 20210217001322.2226796-10-shy828301@gmail.com (mailing list archive)
State New, archived
Headers show
Series Make shrinker's nr_deferred memcg aware | expand

Commit Message

Yang Shi Feb. 17, 2021, 12:13 a.m. UTC
Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.

The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.

For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.

We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
shown as the below tracing log:

<...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
<...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
last shrinker return val 123186855

The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.

Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
better isolation.

When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.

Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
 mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

Comments

Roman Gushchin Feb. 17, 2021, 2:09 a.m. UTC | #1
On Tue, Feb 16, 2021 at 04:13:18PM -0800, Yang Shi wrote:
> Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
> vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.
> 
> The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
> excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
> may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.
> 
> For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
> heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
> might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.
> 
> We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
> shown as the below tracing log:
> 
> <...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
> cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
> <...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
> last shrinker return val 123186855
> 
> The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
> This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.
> 
> Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
> better isolation.
> 
> When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
> would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>

Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>

Thanks!

> ---
>  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
>  mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
>  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
> --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> @@ -93,12 +93,13 @@ struct lruvec_stat {
>  };
>  
>  /*
> - * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
> - * which have elements charged to this memcg.
> + * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
> + * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
>   */
>  struct shrinker_info {
>  	struct rcu_head rcu;
> -	unsigned long map[];
> +	atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
> +	unsigned long *map;
>  };
>  
>  /*
> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> @@ -187,11 +187,17 @@ static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
>  static int shrinker_nr_max;
>  
> +/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
>  static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
>  {
>  	return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
>  }
>  
> +static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
> +{
> +	return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
> +}
> +
>  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  						     int nid)
>  {
> @@ -200,10 +206,12 @@ static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  }
>  
>  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> -				    int size, int old_size)
> +				    int map_size, int defer_size,
> +				    int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
>  {
>  	struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
>  	int nid;
> +	int size = map_size + defer_size;
>  
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -215,9 +223,16 @@ static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  		if (!new)
>  			return -ENOMEM;
>  
> -		/* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> -		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
> -		memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
> +		new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
> +		new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> +
> +		/* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> +		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
> +		memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
> +		/* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
> +		memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
> +		memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
> +		       defer_size - old_defer_size);
>  
>  		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
>  		kvfree_rcu(old);
> @@ -232,9 +247,6 @@ void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  	struct shrinker_info *info;
>  	int nid;
>  
> -	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -		return;
> -
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
>  		info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -247,12 +259,12 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  {
>  	struct shrinker_info *info;
>  	int nid, size, ret = 0;
> -
> -	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -		return 0;
> +	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
>  
>  	down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> -	size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	size = map_size + defer_size;
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		info = kvzalloc_node(sizeof(*info) + size, GFP_KERNEL, nid);
>  		if (!info) {
> @@ -260,6 +272,8 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  			ret = -ENOMEM;
>  			break;
>  		}
> +		info->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(info + 1);
> +		info->map = (void *)info->nr_deferred + defer_size;
>  		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, info);
>  	}
>  	up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> @@ -267,15 +281,21 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> +static inline bool need_expand(int nr_max)
> +{
> +	return round_up(nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG) >
> +	       round_up(shrinker_nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG);
> +}
> +
>  static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>  {
> -	int size, old_size, ret = 0;
> +	int ret = 0;
>  	int new_nr_max = new_id + 1;
> +	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
> +	int old_map_size, old_defer_size = 0;
>  	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
>  
> -	size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> -	old_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> -	if (size <= old_size)
> +	if (!need_expand(new_nr_max))
>  		goto out;
>  
>  	if (!root_mem_cgroup)
> @@ -283,11 +303,15 @@ static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>  
>  	lockdep_assert_held(&shrinker_rwsem);
>  
> +	map_size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> +	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(new_nr_max);
> +	old_map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	old_defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +
>  	memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, NULL, NULL);
>  	do {
> -		if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -			continue;
> -		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, size, old_size);
> +		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, map_size, defer_size,
> +					       old_map_size, old_defer_size);
>  		if (ret) {
>  			mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
>  			goto out;
> -- 
> 2.26.2
>
Kirill Tkhai Feb. 17, 2021, 6:34 a.m. UTC | #2
On 17.02.2021 03:13, Yang Shi wrote:
> Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
> vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.
> 
> The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
> excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
> may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.
> 
> For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
> heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
> might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.
> 
> We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
> shown as the below tracing log:
> 
> <...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
> cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
> <...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
> last shrinker return val 123186855
> 
> The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
> This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.
> 
> Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
> better isolation.
> 
> When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
> would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>

Acked-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>

> ---
>  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
>  mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
>  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
> --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> @@ -93,12 +93,13 @@ struct lruvec_stat {
>  };
>  
>  /*
> - * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
> - * which have elements charged to this memcg.
> + * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
> + * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
>   */
>  struct shrinker_info {
>  	struct rcu_head rcu;
> -	unsigned long map[];
> +	atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
> +	unsigned long *map;
>  };
>  
>  /*
> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> @@ -187,11 +187,17 @@ static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
>  static int shrinker_nr_max;
>  
> +/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
>  static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
>  {
>  	return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
>  }
>  
> +static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
> +{
> +	return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
> +}
> +
>  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  						     int nid)
>  {
> @@ -200,10 +206,12 @@ static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  }
>  
>  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> -				    int size, int old_size)
> +				    int map_size, int defer_size,
> +				    int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
>  {
>  	struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
>  	int nid;
> +	int size = map_size + defer_size;
>  
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -215,9 +223,16 @@ static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  		if (!new)
>  			return -ENOMEM;
>  
> -		/* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> -		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
> -		memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
> +		new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
> +		new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> +
> +		/* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> +		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
> +		memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
> +		/* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
> +		memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
> +		memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
> +		       defer_size - old_defer_size);
>  
>  		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
>  		kvfree_rcu(old);
> @@ -232,9 +247,6 @@ void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  	struct shrinker_info *info;
>  	int nid;
>  
> -	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -		return;
> -
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
>  		info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -247,12 +259,12 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  {
>  	struct shrinker_info *info;
>  	int nid, size, ret = 0;
> -
> -	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -		return 0;
> +	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
>  
>  	down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> -	size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	size = map_size + defer_size;
>  	for_each_node(nid) {
>  		info = kvzalloc_node(sizeof(*info) + size, GFP_KERNEL, nid);
>  		if (!info) {
> @@ -260,6 +272,8 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  			ret = -ENOMEM;
>  			break;
>  		}
> +		info->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(info + 1);
> +		info->map = (void *)info->nr_deferred + defer_size;
>  		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, info);
>  	}
>  	up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> @@ -267,15 +281,21 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> +static inline bool need_expand(int nr_max)
> +{
> +	return round_up(nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG) >
> +	       round_up(shrinker_nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG);
> +}
> +
>  static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>  {
> -	int size, old_size, ret = 0;
> +	int ret = 0;
>  	int new_nr_max = new_id + 1;
> +	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
> +	int old_map_size, old_defer_size = 0;
>  	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
>  
> -	size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> -	old_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> -	if (size <= old_size)
> +	if (!need_expand(new_nr_max))
>  		goto out;
>  
>  	if (!root_mem_cgroup)
> @@ -283,11 +303,15 @@ static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>  
>  	lockdep_assert_held(&shrinker_rwsem);
>  
> +	map_size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> +	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(new_nr_max);
> +	old_map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +	old_defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +
>  	memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, NULL, NULL);
>  	do {
> -		if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -			continue;
> -		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, size, old_size);
> +		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, map_size, defer_size,
> +					       old_map_size, old_defer_size);
>  		if (ret) {
>  			mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
>  			goto out;
>
Shakeel Butt March 8, 2021, 7:12 p.m. UTC | #3
On Tue, Feb 16, 2021 at 4:13 PM Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
> vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.
>
> The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
> excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
> may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.
>
> For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
> heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
> might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.
>
> We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
> shown as the below tracing log:
>
> <...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
> cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
> <...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
> last shrinker return val 123186855
>
> The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
> This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.
>
> Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
> better isolation.
>
> When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
> would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.
>
> Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
> ---
>  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
>  mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
>  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
> --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> @@ -93,12 +93,13 @@ struct lruvec_stat {
>  };
>
>  /*
> - * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
> - * which have elements charged to this memcg.
> + * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
> + * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
>   */
>  struct shrinker_info {
>         struct rcu_head rcu;
> -       unsigned long map[];
> +       atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
> +       unsigned long *map;
>  };
>
>  /*
> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> @@ -187,11 +187,17 @@ static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
>  static int shrinker_nr_max;
>
> +/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
>  static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
>  {
>         return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
>  }
>
> +static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
> +{
> +       return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
> +}
> +
>  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>                                                      int nid)
>  {
> @@ -200,10 +206,12 @@ static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>  }
>
>  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> -                                   int size, int old_size)
> +                                   int map_size, int defer_size,
> +                                   int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
>  {
>         struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
>         int nid;
> +       int size = map_size + defer_size;
>
>         for_each_node(nid) {
>                 old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -215,9 +223,16 @@ static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
>                 if (!new)
>                         return -ENOMEM;
>
> -               /* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> -               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
> -               memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
> +               new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
> +               new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> +
> +               /* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> +               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
> +               memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
> +               /* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
> +               memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
> +               memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
> +                      defer_size - old_defer_size);
>
>                 rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
>                 kvfree_rcu(old);
> @@ -232,9 +247,6 @@ void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>         struct shrinker_info *info;
>         int nid;
>
> -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -               return;
> -
>         for_each_node(nid) {
>                 pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
>                 info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> @@ -247,12 +259,12 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  {
>         struct shrinker_info *info;
>         int nid, size, ret = 0;
> -
> -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -               return 0;

Can you please comment on the consequences on allowing to allocate
shrinker_info for root memcg? Why didn't we do that before but now it
is fine (or maybe required)? Please add the explanation in the commit
message.

> +       int map_size, defer_size = 0;
>
>         down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> -       size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +       map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +       defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +       size = map_size + defer_size;
>         for_each_node(nid) {
>                 info = kvzalloc_node(sizeof(*info) + size, GFP_KERNEL, nid);
>                 if (!info) {
> @@ -260,6 +272,8 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>                         ret = -ENOMEM;
>                         break;
>                 }
> +               info->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(info + 1);
> +               info->map = (void *)info->nr_deferred + defer_size;
>                 rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, info);
>         }
>         up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> @@ -267,15 +281,21 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>         return ret;
>  }
>
> +static inline bool need_expand(int nr_max)
> +{
> +       return round_up(nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG) >
> +              round_up(shrinker_nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG);
> +}
> +
>  static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>  {
> -       int size, old_size, ret = 0;
> +       int ret = 0;
>         int new_nr_max = new_id + 1;
> +       int map_size, defer_size = 0;
> +       int old_map_size, old_defer_size = 0;
>         struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
>
> -       size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> -       old_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> -       if (size <= old_size)
> +       if (!need_expand(new_nr_max))
>                 goto out;
>
>         if (!root_mem_cgroup)
> @@ -283,11 +303,15 @@ static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
>
>         lockdep_assert_held(&shrinker_rwsem);
>
> +       map_size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> +       defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(new_nr_max);
> +       old_map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +       old_defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> +
>         memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, NULL, NULL);
>         do {
> -               if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> -                       continue;
> -               ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, size, old_size);
> +               ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, map_size, defer_size,
> +                                              old_map_size, old_defer_size);
>                 if (ret) {
>                         mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
>                         goto out;
> --
> 2.26.2
>
Yang Shi March 8, 2021, 8:30 p.m. UTC | #4
On Mon, Mar 8, 2021 at 11:12 AM Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Feb 16, 2021 at 4:13 PM Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
> > vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.
> >
> > The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
> > excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
> > may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.
> >
> > For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
> > heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
> > might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.
> >
> > We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
> > shown as the below tracing log:
> >
> > <...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> > nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
> > cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
> > <...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> > nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
> > last shrinker return val 123186855
> >
> > The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
> > This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.
> >
> > Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
> > better isolation.
> >
> > When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
> > would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
> > ---
> >  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
> >  mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
> >  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > @@ -93,12 +93,13 @@ struct lruvec_stat {
> >  };
> >
> >  /*
> > - * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
> > - * which have elements charged to this memcg.
> > + * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
> > + * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
> >   */
> >  struct shrinker_info {
> >         struct rcu_head rcu;
> > -       unsigned long map[];
> > +       atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
> > +       unsigned long *map;
> >  };
> >
> >  /*
> > diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> > index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
> > --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> > +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> > @@ -187,11 +187,17 @@ static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
> >  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
> >  static int shrinker_nr_max;
> >
> > +/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
> >  static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
> >  {
> >         return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
> > +{
> > +       return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
> > +}
> > +
> >  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> >                                                      int nid)
> >  {
> > @@ -200,10 +206,12 @@ static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> >  }
> >
> >  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> > -                                   int size, int old_size)
> > +                                   int map_size, int defer_size,
> > +                                   int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
> >  {
> >         struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
> >         int nid;
> > +       int size = map_size + defer_size;
> >
> >         for_each_node(nid) {
> >                 old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> > @@ -215,9 +223,16 @@ static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> >                 if (!new)
> >                         return -ENOMEM;
> >
> > -               /* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> > -               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
> > -               memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
> > +               new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
> > +               new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> > +
> > +               /* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> > +               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
> > +               memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
> > +               /* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
> > +               memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
> > +               memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
> > +                      defer_size - old_defer_size);
> >
> >                 rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
> >                 kvfree_rcu(old);
> > @@ -232,9 +247,6 @@ void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> >         struct shrinker_info *info;
> >         int nid;
> >
> > -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> > -               return;
> > -
> >         for_each_node(nid) {
> >                 pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
> >                 info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> > @@ -247,12 +259,12 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> >  {
> >         struct shrinker_info *info;
> >         int nid, size, ret = 0;
> > -
> > -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> > -               return 0;
>
> Can you please comment on the consequences on allowing to allocate
> shrinker_info for root memcg? Why didn't we do that before but now it
> is fine (or maybe required)? Please add the explanation in the commit
> message.

Before the patchset shrinker_info just tracks shrinker_maps which is
not required for root memcg. But the newly added nr_deferred is needed
in root memcg otherwise the nr_deferred work would get lost once the
memcgs are reparented to root.

How's about adding the below paragraph to the commit log:

"To preserve nr_deferred when reparenting memcgs to root, root memcg
needs shrinker_info allocated too."

>
> > +       int map_size, defer_size = 0;
> >
> >         down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> > -       size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > +       map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > +       defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > +       size = map_size + defer_size;
> >         for_each_node(nid) {
> >                 info = kvzalloc_node(sizeof(*info) + size, GFP_KERNEL, nid);
> >                 if (!info) {
> > @@ -260,6 +272,8 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> >                         ret = -ENOMEM;
> >                         break;
> >                 }
> > +               info->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(info + 1);
> > +               info->map = (void *)info->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> >                 rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, info);
> >         }
> >         up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
> > @@ -267,15 +281,21 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> >         return ret;
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline bool need_expand(int nr_max)
> > +{
> > +       return round_up(nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG) >
> > +              round_up(shrinker_nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG);
> > +}
> > +
> >  static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
> >  {
> > -       int size, old_size, ret = 0;
> > +       int ret = 0;
> >         int new_nr_max = new_id + 1;
> > +       int map_size, defer_size = 0;
> > +       int old_map_size, old_defer_size = 0;
> >         struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
> >
> > -       size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> > -       old_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > -       if (size <= old_size)
> > +       if (!need_expand(new_nr_max))
> >                 goto out;
> >
> >         if (!root_mem_cgroup)
> > @@ -283,11 +303,15 @@ static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
> >
> >         lockdep_assert_held(&shrinker_rwsem);
> >
> > +       map_size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
> > +       defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(new_nr_max);
> > +       old_map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > +       old_defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
> > +
> >         memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, NULL, NULL);
> >         do {
> > -               if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> > -                       continue;
> > -               ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, size, old_size);
> > +               ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, map_size, defer_size,
> > +                                              old_map_size, old_defer_size);
> >                 if (ret) {
> >                         mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
> >                         goto out;
> > --
> > 2.26.2
> >
Shakeel Butt March 8, 2021, 9:11 p.m. UTC | #5
On Mon, Mar 8, 2021 at 12:30 PM Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> On Mon, Mar 8, 2021 at 11:12 AM Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, Feb 16, 2021 at 4:13 PM Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > Currently the number of deferred objects are per shrinker, but some slabs, for example,
> > > vfs inode/dentry cache are per memcg, this would result in poor isolation among memcgs.
> > >
> > > The deferred objects typically are generated by __GFP_NOFS allocations, one memcg with
> > > excessive __GFP_NOFS allocations may blow up deferred objects, then other innocent memcgs
> > > may suffer from over shrink, excessive reclaim latency, etc.
> > >
> > > For example, two workloads run in memcgA and memcgB respectively, workload in B is vfs
> > > heavy workload.  Workload in A generates excessive deferred objects, then B's vfs cache
> > > might be hit heavily (drop half of caches) by B's limit reclaim or global reclaim.
> > >
> > > We observed this hit in our production environment which was running vfs heavy workload
> > > shown as the below tracing log:
> > >
> > > <...>-409454 [016] .... 28286961.747146: mm_shrink_slab_start: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> > > nid: 1 objects to shrink 3641681686040 gfp_flags GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO pgs_scanned 1 lru_pgs 15721
> > > cache items 246404277 delta 31345 total_scan 123202138
> > > <...>-409454 [022] .... 28287105.928018: mm_shrink_slab_end: super_cache_scan+0x0/0x1a0 ffff9a83046f3458:
> > > nid: 1 unused scan count 3641681686040 new scan count 3641798379189 total_scan 602
> > > last shrinker return val 123186855
> > >
> > > The vfs cache and page cache ratio was 10:1 on this machine, and half of caches were dropped.
> > > This also resulted in significant amount of page caches were dropped due to inodes eviction.
> > >
> > > Make nr_deferred per memcg for memcg aware shrinkers would solve the unfairness and bring
> > > better isolation.
> > >
> > > When memcg is not enabled (!CONFIG_MEMCG or memcg disabled), the shrinker's nr_deferred
> > > would be used.  And non memcg aware shrinkers use shrinker's nr_deferred all the time.
> > >
> > > Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
> > > ---
> > >  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  7 +++--
> > >  mm/vmscan.c                | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
> > >  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> > >
> > > diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > > index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
> > > --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > > +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> > > @@ -93,12 +93,13 @@ struct lruvec_stat {
> > >  };
> > >
> > >  /*
> > > - * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
> > > - * which have elements charged to this memcg.
> > > + * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
> > > + * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
> > >   */
> > >  struct shrinker_info {
> > >         struct rcu_head rcu;
> > > -       unsigned long map[];
> > > +       atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
> > > +       unsigned long *map;
> > >  };
> > >
> > >  /*
> > > diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> > > index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
> > > --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> > > +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> > > @@ -187,11 +187,17 @@ static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
> > >  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
> > >  static int shrinker_nr_max;
> > >
> > > +/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
> > >  static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
> > >  {
> > >         return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
> > >  }
> > >
> > > +static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
> > > +{
> > > +       return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
> > > +}
> > > +
> > >  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> > >                                                      int nid)
> > >  {
> > > @@ -200,10 +206,12 @@ static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> > >  }
> > >
> > >  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> > > -                                   int size, int old_size)
> > > +                                   int map_size, int defer_size,
> > > +                                   int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
> > >  {
> > >         struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
> > >         int nid;
> > > +       int size = map_size + defer_size;
> > >
> > >         for_each_node(nid) {
> > >                 old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> > > @@ -215,9 +223,16 @@ static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> > >                 if (!new)
> > >                         return -ENOMEM;
> > >
> > > -               /* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> > > -               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
> > > -               memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
> > > +               new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
> > > +               new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
> > > +
> > > +               /* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
> > > +               memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
> > > +               memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
> > > +               /* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
> > > +               memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
> > > +               memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
> > > +                      defer_size - old_defer_size);
> > >
> > >                 rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
> > >                 kvfree_rcu(old);
> > > @@ -232,9 +247,6 @@ void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> > >         struct shrinker_info *info;
> > >         int nid;
> > >
> > > -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> > > -               return;
> > > -
> > >         for_each_node(nid) {
> > >                 pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
> > >                 info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
> > > @@ -247,12 +259,12 @@ int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> > >  {
> > >         struct shrinker_info *info;
> > >         int nid, size, ret = 0;
> > > -
> > > -       if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
> > > -               return 0;
> >
> > Can you please comment on the consequences on allowing to allocate
> > shrinker_info for root memcg? Why didn't we do that before but now it
> > is fine (or maybe required)? Please add the explanation in the commit
> > message.
>
> Before the patchset shrinker_info just tracks shrinker_maps which is
> not required for root memcg. But the newly added nr_deferred is needed
> in root memcg otherwise the nr_deferred work would get lost once the
> memcgs are reparented to root.
>
> How's about adding the below paragraph to the commit log:
>
> "To preserve nr_deferred when reparenting memcgs to root, root memcg
> needs shrinker_info allocated too."
>

LGTM and you can add:

Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 4c9253896e25..c457fc7bc631 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -93,12 +93,13 @@  struct lruvec_stat {
 };
 
 /*
- * Bitmap of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware shrinkers,
- * which have elements charged to this memcg.
+ * Bitmap and deferred work of shrinker::id corresponding to memcg-aware
+ * shrinkers, which have elements charged to this memcg.
  */
 struct shrinker_info {
 	struct rcu_head rcu;
-	unsigned long map[];
+	atomic_long_t *nr_deferred;
+	unsigned long *map;
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index a1047ea60ecf..fcb399e18fc3 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -187,11 +187,17 @@  static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
 static int shrinker_nr_max;
 
+/* The shrinker_info is expanded in a batch of BITS_PER_LONG */
 static inline int shrinker_map_size(int nr_items)
 {
 	return (DIV_ROUND_UP(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(unsigned long));
 }
 
+static inline int shrinker_defer_size(int nr_items)
+{
+	return (round_up(nr_items, BITS_PER_LONG) * sizeof(atomic_long_t));
+}
+
 static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 						     int nid)
 {
@@ -200,10 +206,12 @@  static struct shrinker_info *shrinker_info_protected(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 }
 
 static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
-				    int size, int old_size)
+				    int map_size, int defer_size,
+				    int old_map_size, int old_defer_size)
 {
 	struct shrinker_info *new, *old;
 	int nid;
+	int size = map_size + defer_size;
 
 	for_each_node(nid) {
 		old = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
@@ -215,9 +223,16 @@  static int expand_one_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		if (!new)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 
-		/* Set all old bits, clear all new bits */
-		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_size);
-		memset((void *)new->map + old_size, 0, size - old_size);
+		new->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(new + 1);
+		new->map = (void *)new->nr_deferred + defer_size;
+
+		/* map: set all old bits, clear all new bits */
+		memset(new->map, (int)0xff, old_map_size);
+		memset((void *)new->map + old_map_size, 0, map_size - old_map_size);
+		/* nr_deferred: copy old values, clear all new values */
+		memcpy(new->nr_deferred, old->nr_deferred, old_defer_size);
+		memset((void *)new->nr_deferred + old_defer_size, 0,
+		       defer_size - old_defer_size);
 
 		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, new);
 		kvfree_rcu(old);
@@ -232,9 +247,6 @@  void free_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	struct shrinker_info *info;
 	int nid;
 
-	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
-		return;
-
 	for_each_node(nid) {
 		pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
 		info = shrinker_info_protected(memcg, nid);
@@ -247,12 +259,12 @@  int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
 	struct shrinker_info *info;
 	int nid, size, ret = 0;
-
-	if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
-		return 0;
+	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
 
 	down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
-	size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
+	map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
+	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
+	size = map_size + defer_size;
 	for_each_node(nid) {
 		info = kvzalloc_node(sizeof(*info) + size, GFP_KERNEL, nid);
 		if (!info) {
@@ -260,6 +272,8 @@  int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 			ret = -ENOMEM;
 			break;
 		}
+		info->nr_deferred = (atomic_long_t *)(info + 1);
+		info->map = (void *)info->nr_deferred + defer_size;
 		rcu_assign_pointer(memcg->nodeinfo[nid]->shrinker_info, info);
 	}
 	up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
@@ -267,15 +281,21 @@  int alloc_shrinker_info(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static inline bool need_expand(int nr_max)
+{
+	return round_up(nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG) >
+	       round_up(shrinker_nr_max, BITS_PER_LONG);
+}
+
 static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
 {
-	int size, old_size, ret = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
 	int new_nr_max = new_id + 1;
+	int map_size, defer_size = 0;
+	int old_map_size, old_defer_size = 0;
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 
-	size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
-	old_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
-	if (size <= old_size)
+	if (!need_expand(new_nr_max))
 		goto out;
 
 	if (!root_mem_cgroup)
@@ -283,11 +303,15 @@  static int expand_shrinker_info(int new_id)
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&shrinker_rwsem);
 
+	map_size = shrinker_map_size(new_nr_max);
+	defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(new_nr_max);
+	old_map_size = shrinker_map_size(shrinker_nr_max);
+	old_defer_size = shrinker_defer_size(shrinker_nr_max);
+
 	memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, NULL, NULL);
 	do {
-		if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
-			continue;
-		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, size, old_size);
+		ret = expand_one_shrinker_info(memcg, map_size, defer_size,
+					       old_map_size, old_defer_size);
 		if (ret) {
 			mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
 			goto out;