diff mbox series

[RFC,v2,1/4] vmalloc: introduce vmalloc_exec and vfree_exec

Message ID 20221007234315.2877365-2-song@kernel.org (mailing list archive)
State New
Headers show
Series vmalloc_exec for modules and BPF programs | expand

Commit Message

Song Liu Oct. 7, 2022, 11:43 p.m. UTC
vmalloc_exec is used to allocate memory to host dynamic kernel text
(modules, BPF programs, etc.) with huge pages. This is similar to the
proposal by Peter in [1].

A new tree of vmap_area, free_text_area_* tree, is introduced in addition
to free_vmap_area_* and vmap_area_*. vmalloc_exec allocates pages from
free_text_area_*. When there isn't enough space left in free_text_area_*,
new PMD_SIZE page(s) is allocated from free_vmap_area_* and added to
free_text_area_*. To be more accurate, the vmap_area is first added to
vmap_area_* tree and then moved to free_text_area_*. This extra move
simplifies the logic of vmalloc_exec.

vmap_area in free_text_area_* tree are backed with memory, but we need
subtree_max_size for tree operations. Therefore, vm_struct for these
vmap_area are stored in a separate list, all_text_vm.

The new tree allows separate handling of < PAGE_SIZE allocations, as
current vmalloc code mostly assumes PAGE_SIZE aligned allocations. This
version of vmalloc_exec can handle bpf programs, which uses 64 byte
aligned allocations), and modules, which uses PAGE_SIZE aligned
allocations.

In vfree_exec(), the memory is first added to free_text_area_*. If this
free creates big enough free space (> PMD_SIZE), vfree_exec() will try to
free the backing vm_struct.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/Ys6cWUMHO8XwyYgr@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net/

Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/vmalloc.h |   2 +
 mm/nommu.c              |   7 ++
 mm/vmalloc.c            | 269 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 278 insertions(+)

Comments

Rick Edgecombe Oct. 10, 2022, 6:13 p.m. UTC | #1
How does this work with kasan?
Song Liu Oct. 10, 2022, 7:04 p.m. UTC | #2
> On Oct 10, 2022, at 11:13 AM, Edgecombe, Rick P <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> wrote:
> 
> How does this work with kasan?

With KASAN enabled, BPF works fine. But module load does hit some issues. 

I guess we are missing some kasan_*() calls?

Thanks,
Song
Rick Edgecombe Oct. 10, 2022, 7:59 p.m. UTC | #3
On Mon, 2022-10-10 at 19:04 +0000, Song Liu wrote:
> > On Oct 10, 2022, at 11:13 AM, Edgecombe, Rick P <
> > rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> wrote:
> > 
> > How does this work with kasan?
> 
> With KASAN enabled, BPF works fine. But module load does hit some
> issues. 
> 
> I guess we are missing some kasan_*() calls?

I'm not sure what the desired behavior should be. Do you mark the
individual vmalloc_exec() areas as allocated/freed, or the bigger
allocations that contain them? Since this is text, it is going to be
getting mostly fetches which kasan is not going to check. Not sure
which is right, but there should probably be some specific kasan
behavior.
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/include/linux/vmalloc.h b/include/linux/vmalloc.h
index 096d48aa3437..16c0adc1daee 100644
--- a/include/linux/vmalloc.h
+++ b/include/linux/vmalloc.h
@@ -154,6 +154,8 @@  extern void *__vmalloc_node_range(unsigned long size, unsigned long align,
 void *__vmalloc_node(unsigned long size, unsigned long align, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		int node, const void *caller) __alloc_size(1);
 void *vmalloc_huge(unsigned long size, gfp_t gfp_mask) __alloc_size(1);
+void *vmalloc_exec(unsigned long size, unsigned long align) __alloc_size(1);
+void vfree_exec(const void *addr);
 
 extern void *__vmalloc_array(size_t n, size_t size, gfp_t flags) __alloc_size(1, 2);
 extern void *vmalloc_array(size_t n, size_t size) __alloc_size(1, 2);
diff --git a/mm/nommu.c b/mm/nommu.c
index e819cbc21b39..c7dcd920ec26 100644
--- a/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/mm/nommu.c
@@ -372,6 +372,13 @@  int vm_map_pages_zero(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_map_pages_zero);
 
+void *vmalloc_exec(unsigned long size, unsigned long align)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void vfree_exec(const void *addr) { }
+
 /*
  *  sys_brk() for the most part doesn't need the global kernel
  *  lock, except when an application is doing something nasty
diff --git a/mm/vmalloc.c b/mm/vmalloc.c
index 088b421601c4..9212ff96b871 100644
--- a/mm/vmalloc.c
+++ b/mm/vmalloc.c
@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@  early_param("nohugevmalloc", set_nohugevmalloc);
 static const bool vmap_allow_huge = false;
 #endif	/* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMALLOC */
 
+#define PMD_ALIGN(addr) ALIGN(addr, PMD_SIZE)
+#define PMD_ALIGN_DOWN(addr) ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PMD_SIZE)
+
 bool is_vmalloc_addr(const void *x)
 {
 	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)kasan_reset_tag(x);
@@ -753,6 +756,39 @@  static LIST_HEAD(free_vmap_area_list);
  */
 static struct rb_root free_vmap_area_root = RB_ROOT;
 
+/*
+ * free_text_area for vmalloc_exec() and vfree_exec()
+ *
+ */
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(free_text_area_lock);
+/*
+ * This linked list is used in pair with free_text_area_root.
+ * It gives O(1) access to prev/next to perform fast coalescing.
+ */
+static LIST_HEAD(free_text_area_list);
+
+/*
+ * This augment red-black tree represents the free text space.
+ * All vmap_area objects in this tree are sorted by va->va_start
+ * address. It is used for allocation and merging when a vmap
+ * object is released.
+ *
+ * Each vmap_area node contains a maximum available free block
+ * of its sub-tree, right or left. Therefore it is possible to
+ * find a lowest match of free area.
+ *
+ * vmap_area in this tree are backed by RO+X memory, but they do
+ * not have valid vm pointer (because we need subtree_max_size).
+ * The vm for these vmap_area are stored in all_text_vm.
+ */
+static struct rb_root free_text_area_root = RB_ROOT;
+
+/*
+ * List of vm_struct for free_text_area_root. This list is rarely
+ * accessed, so the O(N) complexity is not likely a real issue.
+ */
+struct vm_struct *all_text_vm;
+
 /*
  * Preload a CPU with one object for "no edge" split case. The
  * aim is to get rid of allocations from the atomic context, thus
@@ -3297,6 +3333,239 @@  void *vmalloc(unsigned long size)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmalloc);
 
+#if defined(CONFIG_MODULES) && defined(MODULES_VADDR)
+#define VMALLOC_EXEC_START MODULES_VADDR
+#define VMALLOC_EXEC_END MODULES_END
+#else
+#define VMALLOC_EXEC_START VMALLOC_START
+#define VMALLOC_EXEC_END VMALLOC_END
+#endif
+
+static void move_vmap_to_free_text_tree(void *addr)
+{
+	struct vmap_area *va;
+
+	/* remove from vmap_area_root */
+	spin_lock(&vmap_area_lock);
+	va = __find_vmap_area((unsigned long)addr, &vmap_area_root);
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!va)) {
+		spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+	unlink_va(va, &vmap_area_root);
+	spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+
+	/* make the memory RO+X */
+	memset(addr, 0, va->va_end - va->va_start);
+	set_memory_ro(va->va_start, (va->va_end - va->va_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+	set_memory_x(va->va_start, (va->va_end - va->va_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+
+	/* add to all_text_vm */
+	va->vm->next = all_text_vm;
+	all_text_vm = va->vm;
+
+	/* add to free_text_area_root */
+	spin_lock(&free_text_area_lock);
+	merge_or_add_vmap_area_augment(va, &free_text_area_root, &free_text_area_list);
+	spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * vmalloc_exec - allocate virtually contiguous RO+X memory
+ * @size:    allocation size
+ *
+ * This is used to allocate dynamic kernel text, such as module text, BPF
+ * programs, etc. User need to use text_poke to update the memory allocated
+ * by vmalloc_exec.
+ *
+ * Return: pointer to the allocated memory or %NULL on error
+ */
+void *vmalloc_exec(unsigned long size, unsigned long align)
+{
+	struct vmap_area *va, *tmp;
+	unsigned long addr;
+	enum fit_type type;
+	int ret;
+
+	va = kmem_cache_alloc_node(vmap_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL, NUMA_NO_NODE);
+	if (unlikely(!va))
+		return NULL;
+
+again:
+	preload_this_cpu_lock(&free_text_area_lock, GFP_KERNEL, NUMA_NO_NODE);
+	tmp = find_vmap_lowest_match(&free_text_area_root, size, align, 1, false);
+
+	if (!tmp) {
+		unsigned long alloc_size;
+		void *ptr;
+
+		spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+
+		/*
+		 * Not enough continuous space in free_text_area_root, try
+		 * allocate more memory. The memory is first added to
+		 * vmap_area_root, and then moved to free_text_area_root.
+		 */
+		alloc_size = roundup(size, PMD_SIZE * num_online_nodes());
+		ptr = __vmalloc_node_range(alloc_size, PMD_SIZE, VMALLOC_EXEC_START,
+					   VMALLOC_EXEC_END, GFP_KERNEL, PAGE_KERNEL,
+					   VM_ALLOW_HUGE_VMAP | VM_NO_GUARD,
+					   NUMA_NO_NODE, __builtin_return_address(0));
+		if (unlikely(!ptr))
+			goto err_out;
+
+		move_vmap_to_free_text_tree(ptr);
+		goto again;
+	}
+
+	addr = roundup(tmp->va_start, align);
+	type = classify_va_fit_type(tmp, addr, size);
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(type == NOTHING_FIT))
+		goto err_out;
+
+	ret = adjust_va_to_fit_type(&free_text_area_root, &free_text_area_list,
+				    tmp, addr, size);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_out;
+
+	spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+
+	va->va_start = addr;
+	va->va_end = addr + size;
+	va->vm = NULL;
+
+	spin_lock(&vmap_area_lock);
+	insert_vmap_area(va, &vmap_area_root, &vmap_area_list);
+	spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+
+	return (void *)addr;
+
+err_out:
+	spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+	kmem_cache_free(vmap_area_cachep, va);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct vm_struct *find_and_unlink_text_vm(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	struct vm_struct *vm, *prev_vm;
+
+	lockdep_assert_held(&free_text_area_lock);
+
+	vm = all_text_vm;
+	while (vm) {
+		unsigned long vm_addr = (unsigned long)vm->addr;
+
+		/* vm is within this free space, we can free it */
+		if ((vm_addr >= start) && ((vm_addr + vm->size) <= end))
+			goto unlink_vm;
+		vm = vm->next;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+
+unlink_vm:
+	if (all_text_vm == vm) {
+		all_text_vm = vm->next;
+	} else {
+		prev_vm = all_text_vm;
+		while (prev_vm->next != vm)
+			prev_vm = prev_vm->next;
+		prev_vm = vm->next;
+	}
+	return vm;
+}
+
+/**
+ * vfree_exec - Release memory allocated by vmalloc_exec()
+ * @addr:  Memory base address
+ *
+ * If @addr is NULL, no operation is performed.
+ */
+void vfree_exec(const void *addr)
+{
+	unsigned long free_start, free_end, free_addr;
+	struct vm_struct *vm;
+	struct vmap_area *va;
+
+	might_sleep();
+
+	if (!addr)
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock(&vmap_area_lock);
+	va = __find_vmap_area((unsigned long)addr, &vmap_area_root);
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!va)) {
+		spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(va->vm);
+
+	unlink_va(va, &vmap_area_root);
+	spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+
+	spin_lock(&free_text_area_lock);
+	va = merge_or_add_vmap_area_augment(va,
+		&free_text_area_root, &free_text_area_list);
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!va))
+		goto out;
+
+	free_start = PMD_ALIGN(va->va_start);
+	free_end = PMD_ALIGN_DOWN(va->va_end);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only try to free vm when there is at least one PMD_SIZE free
+	 * continuous memory.
+	 */
+	if (free_start >= free_end)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * TODO: It is possible that multiple vm are ready to be freed
+	 * after one vfree_exec(). But we free at most one vm for now.
+	 */
+	vm = find_and_unlink_text_vm(free_start, free_end);
+	if (!vm)
+		goto out;
+
+	va = kmem_cache_alloc_node(vmap_area_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC, NUMA_NO_NODE);
+	if (unlikely(!va))
+		goto out_save_vm;
+
+	free_addr = __alloc_vmap_area(&free_text_area_root, &free_text_area_list,
+				      vm->size, 1, (unsigned long)vm->addr,
+				      (unsigned long)vm->addr + vm->size);
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(free_addr != (unsigned long)vm->addr))
+		goto out_save_vm;
+
+	va->va_start = (unsigned long)vm->addr;
+	va->va_end = va->va_start + vm->size;
+	va->vm = vm;
+	spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+
+	set_memory_nx(va->va_start, vm->size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+	set_memory_rw(va->va_start, vm->size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+
+	/* put the va to vmap_area_root, and then free it with vfree */
+	spin_lock(&vmap_area_lock);
+	insert_vmap_area(va, &vmap_area_root, &vmap_area_list);
+	spin_unlock(&vmap_area_lock);
+
+	vfree(vm->addr);
+	return;
+
+out_save_vm:
+	/*
+	 * vm is removed from all_text_vm, but not freed. Add it back,
+	 * so that we can use or free it later.
+	 */
+	vm->next = all_text_vm;
+	all_text_vm = vm;
+out:
+	spin_unlock(&free_text_area_lock);
+}
+
 /**
  * vmalloc_huge - allocate virtually contiguous memory, allow huge pages
  * @size:      allocation size