[9/9] fetch: try fetching submodules if needed objects were not fetched

Commit Message

Stefan Beller Nov. 29, 2018, 12:27 a.m. UTC

Currently when git-fetch is asked to recurse into submodules, it dispatches
a plain "git-fetch -C <submodule-dir>" (with some submodule related options
such as prefix and recusing strategy, but) without any information of the
remote or the tip that should be fetched.

But this default fetch is not sufficient, as a newly fetched commit in
the superproject could point to a commit in the submodule that is not
in the default refspec. This is common in workflows like Gerrit's.
When fetching a Gerrit change under review (from refs/changes/??), the
commits in that change likely point to submodule commits that have not
been merged to a branch yet.

Try fetching a submodule by object id if the object id that the
superproject points to, cannot be found.

builtin/fetch used to only inspect submodules when they were fetched
"on-demand", as in either on/off case it was clear whether the submodule
needs to be fetched. However to know whether we need to try fetching the
object ids, we need to identify the object names, which is done in this
function check_for_new_submodule_commits(), so we'll also run that code
in case the submodule recursion is set to "on".

The submodule checks were done only when a ref in the superproject
changed, these checks were extended to also be performed when fetching
into FETCH_HEAD for completeness, and add a test for that too.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <[e-mail]>
---
 builtin/fetch.c             |  11 +-
 submodule.c                 | 206 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh |  86 +++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 265 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

Comments

Jonathan Tan Dec. 5, 2018, 1:07 a.m. UTC | #1

> Try fetching a submodule by object id if the object id that the
> superproject points to, cannot be found.

Mention here the consequences of what happens when this attempt to fetch
fails. Also, this seems to be a case of "do or do not, there is no try"
- maybe it's better to say "Fetch commits by ID from the submodule's
origin if the submodule doesn't already contain the commit that the
superproject references" (note that there is no "Try" word, since the
consequence is to fail the entire command).

Also mention that this fetch is always from the origin.

> builtin/fetch used to only inspect submodules when they were fetched
> "on-demand", as in either on/off case it was clear whether the submodule
> needs to be fetched. However to know whether we need to try fetching the
> object ids, we need to identify the object names, which is done in this
> function check_for_new_submodule_commits(), so we'll also run that code
> in case the submodule recursion is set to "on".
> 
> The submodule checks were done only when a ref in the superproject
> changed, these checks were extended to also be performed when fetching
> into FETCH_HEAD for completeness, and add a test for that too.

"inspect submodules" and "submodule checks" are unnecessarily vague to
me - might be better to just say "A list of new submodule commits are
already generated in certain conditions (by
check_for_new_submodule_commits()); this new feature invokes that
function in more situations".

> -		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
> -		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
> -			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
>  		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
>  		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '*', what,
>  			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
> @@ -779,9 +776,6 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
>  		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
>  		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "..");
>  		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
> -		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
> -		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
> -			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
>  		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
>  		format_display(display, r ? '!' : ' ', quickref.buf,
>  			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
> @@ -794,9 +788,6 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
>  		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
>  		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "...");
>  		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
> -		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
> -		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
> -			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
>  		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
>  		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '+', quickref.buf,
>  			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"),
> @@ -892,6 +883,8 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
>  				ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
>  			}
>  
> +			if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
> +				check_for_new_submodule_commits(&rm->old_oid);

As discussed above, indeed, check_for_new_submodule_commits() is now
invoked in more situations (not just when there is a local ref, and also
when recurse_submodules is _ON).

> @@ -1231,8 +1231,14 @@ struct submodule_parallel_fetch {
>  	int result;
>  
>  	struct string_list changed_submodule_names;
> +
> +	/* The submodules to fetch in */
> +	struct fetch_task **oid_fetch_tasks;
> +	int oid_fetch_tasks_nr, oid_fetch_tasks_alloc;
>  };

Better to document as "Pending fetches by OIDs", I think. (These are not
fetches by default refspec, and are not already in progress.)

> +struct fetch_task {
> +	struct repository *repo;
> +	const struct submodule *sub;
> +	unsigned free_sub : 1; /* Do we need to free the submodule? */
> +
> +	/* fetch specific oids if set, otherwise fetch default refspec */
> +	struct oid_array *commits;
> +};

I would document this as "Fetch in progress (if callback data) or
pending (if in oid_fetch_tasks in struct submodule_parallel_fetch)".
This potential confusion is why I wanted 2 separate types, as I wrote in
[1].

[1] https://public-inbox.org/git/[e-mail]/

> +/**
> + * When a submodule is not defined in .gitmodules, we cannot access it
> + * via the regular submodule-config. Create a fake submodule, which we can
> + * work on.
> + */
> +static const struct submodule *get_non_gitmodules_submodule(const char *path)

Thanks, this is a good explanation.

>  static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
>  			      struct strbuf *err, void *data, void **task_cb)
>  {
> -	int ret = 0;
>  	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = data;
>  
>  	for (; spf->count < spf->r->index->cache_nr; spf->count++) {
> -		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
> +		int recurse_config;

Unnecessary local variable recurse_config, but that's not a big deal.

[snip the part where we use a heap-allocated task instead of a few
variables on the stack]

> -			repo_clear(repo);
> -			free(repo);
> -			ret = 1;
> +			spf->count++;
> +			*task_cb = task;

And here we see why we need the heap-allocated task - it needs to go
into the callback data.

> +	if (spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr) {
> +		struct fetch_task *task =
> +			spf->oid_fetch_tasks[spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr - 1];
> +		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
> +		spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr--;
> +
> +		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/",
> +			    spf->prefix, task->sub->path);
> +
> +		child_process_init(cp);
> +		prepare_submodule_repo_env_in_gitdir(&cp->env_array);
> +		cp->git_cmd = 1;
> +		cp->dir = task->repo->gitdir;
> +
> +		argv_array_init(&cp->args);
> +		argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, spf->args.argv);
> +		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "on-demand");
> +		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "--submodule-prefix");
> +		argv_array_push(&cp->args, submodule_prefix.buf);
> +
> +		/* NEEDSWORK: have get_default_remote from submodule--helper */
> +		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "origin");
> +		oid_array_for_each_unique(task->commits,
> +					  append_oid_to_argv, &cp->args);
> +
> +		*task_cb = task;
>  		strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
> -		if (ret) {
> -			spf->count++;
> -			return 1;
> -		}
> +		return 1;
>  	}

And if we ran out of submodules but have pending fetch-by-OID tasks, we
execute them.

> +static int commit_exists_in_sub(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
> +{
> +	struct repository *subrepo = data;
> +
> +	enum object_type type = oid_object_info(subrepo, oid, NULL);
> +
> +	return type != OBJ_COMMIT;
> +}

Should be commit_missing_in_sub.

> +	/* Is this the second time we process this submodule? */
> +	if (task->commits)
> +		return 0;

Should be goto out, to clean up properly?

> +test_expect_success "fetch new submodule commits on-demand outside standard refspec" '
> +	# add a second submodule and ensure it is around in downstream first
> +	git clone submodule sub1 &&
> +	git submodule add ./sub1 &&
> +	git commit -m "adding a second submodule" &&
> +	git -C downstream pull &&
> +	git -C downstream submodule update --init --recursive &&
> +
> +	git checkout --detach &&
> +
> +	C=$(git -C submodule commit-tree -m "new change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
> +	git -C submodule update-ref refs/changes/1 $C &&
> +	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $C submodule &&
> +	test_tick &&
> +
> +	D=$(git -C sub1 commit-tree -m "new change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
> +	git -C sub1 update-ref refs/changes/2 $D &&
> +	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $D sub1 &&
> +
> +	git commit -m "updated submodules outside of refs/heads" &&
> +	E=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
> +	git update-ref refs/changes/3 $E &&
> +	(
> +		cd downstream &&
> +		git fetch --recurse-submodules origin refs/changes/3:refs/heads/my_branch &&
> +		git -C submodule cat-file -t $C &&
> +		git -C sub1 cat-file -t $D &&
> +		git checkout --recurse-submodules FETCH_HEAD
> +	)
> +'

It would be nicer if all these tests started from scratch (that is, an
empty repository), but they are understandable - thanks.

In addition to the tests here, I would like a test that checks that
submodule commits pointed to by interior superproject commits also work.
For example:

  submodule:
  B   C
   \ /
    A

  superproject:

  current HEAD -> a commit -> the ref we're fetching
  gitlink=A       gitlink=B   gitlink=C

When fetching recursively in the superproject, we should make sure that
both B and C are fetched in the submodule.

Patch

diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index e0140327aa..91f9b7d9c8 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -763,9 +763,6 @@  static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 			what = _("[new ref]");
 		}
 
-		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
-		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
 		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '*', what,
 			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
@@ -779,9 +776,6 @@  static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "..");
 		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
-		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
 		format_display(display, r ? '!' : ' ', quickref.buf,
 			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
@@ -794,9 +788,6 @@  static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "...");
 		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
-		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
 		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '+', quickref.buf,
 			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"),
@@ -892,6 +883,8 @@  static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 				ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
 			}
 
+			if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
+				check_for_new_submodule_commits(&rm->old_oid);
 
 			if (!strcmp(rm->name, "HEAD")) {
 				kind = "";
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index d1b6646f42..1ce944a737 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -1231,8 +1231,14 @@  struct submodule_parallel_fetch {
 	int result;
 
 	struct string_list changed_submodule_names;
+
+	/* The submodules to fetch in */
+	struct fetch_task **oid_fetch_tasks;
+	int oid_fetch_tasks_nr, oid_fetch_tasks_alloc;
 };
-#define SPF_INIT {0, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP }
+#define SPF_INIT {0, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, \
+		  STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP, \
+		  NULL, 0, 0}
 
 static int get_fetch_recurse_config(const struct submodule *submodule,
 				    struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf)
@@ -1259,6 +1265,73 @@  static int get_fetch_recurse_config(const struct submodule *submodule,
 	return spf->default_option;
 }
 
+struct fetch_task {
+	struct repository *repo;
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	unsigned free_sub : 1; /* Do we need to free the submodule? */
+
+	/* fetch specific oids if set, otherwise fetch default refspec */
+	struct oid_array *commits;
+};
+
+/**
+ * When a submodule is not defined in .gitmodules, we cannot access it
+ * via the regular submodule-config. Create a fake submodule, which we can
+ * work on.
+ */
+static const struct submodule *get_non_gitmodules_submodule(const char *path)
+{
+	struct submodule *ret = NULL;
+	const char *name = default_name_or_path(path);
+
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	ret = xmalloc(sizeof(*ret));
+	memset(ret, 0, sizeof(*ret));
+	ret->path = name;
+	ret->name = name;
+
+	return (const struct submodule *) ret;
+}
+
+static struct fetch_task *fetch_task_create(struct repository *r,
+					    const char *path)
+{
+	struct fetch_task *task = xmalloc(sizeof(*task));
+	memset(task, 0, sizeof(*task));
+
+	task->sub = submodule_from_path(r, &null_oid, path);
+	if (!task->sub) {
+		/*
+		 * No entry in .gitmodules? Technically not a submodule,
+		 * but historically we supported repositories that happen to be
+		 * in-place where a gitlink is. Keep supporting them.
+		 */
+		task->sub = get_non_gitmodules_submodule(path);
+		if (!task->sub) {
+			free(task);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		task->free_sub = 1;
+	}
+
+	return task;
+}
+
+static void fetch_task_release(struct fetch_task *p)
+{
+	if (p->free_sub)
+		free((void*)p->sub);
+	p->free_sub = 0;
+	p->sub = NULL;
+
+	if (p->repo)
+		repo_clear(p->repo);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(p->repo);
+}
+
 static struct repository *get_submodule_repo_for(struct repository *r,
 						 const struct submodule *sub)
 {
@@ -1286,39 +1359,32 @@  static struct repository *get_submodule_repo_for(struct repository *r,
 static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
 			      struct strbuf *err, void *data, void **task_cb)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
 	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = data;
 
 	for (; spf->count < spf->r->index->cache_nr; spf->count++) {
-		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int recurse_config;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = spf->r->index->cache[spf->count];
 		const char *default_argv;
-		const struct submodule *submodule;
-		struct repository *repo;
-		struct submodule default_submodule = SUBMODULE_INIT;
+		struct fetch_task *task;
 
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
-		submodule = submodule_from_path(spf->r, &null_oid, ce->name);
-		if (!submodule) {
-			const char *name = default_name_or_path(ce->name);
-			if (name) {
-				default_submodule.path = name;
-				default_submodule.name = name;
-				submodule = &default_submodule;
-			}
-		}
+		task = fetch_task_create(spf->r, ce->name);
+		if (!task)
+			continue;
+
+		recurse_config = get_fetch_recurse_config(task->sub, spf);
 
-		switch (get_fetch_recurse_config(submodule, spf))
+		switch (recurse_config)
 		{
 		default:
 		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT:
 		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND:
-			if (!submodule ||
+			if (!task->sub ||
 			    !string_list_lookup(
 					&spf->changed_submodule_names,
-					submodule->name))
+					task->sub->name))
 				continue;
 			default_argv = "on-demand";
 			break;
@@ -1329,11 +1395,11 @@  static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", spf->prefix, ce->name);
-		repo = get_submodule_repo_for(spf->r, submodule);
-		if (repo) {
+		task->repo = get_submodule_repo_for(spf->r, task->sub);
+		if (task->repo) {
+			struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
 			child_process_init(cp);
-			cp->dir = xstrdup(repo->gitdir);
+			cp->dir = task->repo->gitdir;
 			prepare_submodule_repo_env_in_gitdir(&cp->env_array);
 			cp->git_cmd = 1;
 			if (!spf->quiet)
@@ -1343,12 +1409,22 @@  static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
 			argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, spf->args.argv);
 			argv_array_push(&cp->args, default_argv);
 			argv_array_push(&cp->args, "--submodule-prefix");
+
+			strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/",
+						       spf->prefix,
+						       task->sub->path);
 			argv_array_push(&cp->args, submodule_prefix.buf);
 
-			repo_clear(repo);
-			free(repo);
-			ret = 1;
+			spf->count++;
+			*task_cb = task;
+
+			strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
+			return 1;
 		} else {
+
+			fetch_task_release(task);
+			free(task);
+
 			/*
 			 * An empty directory is normal,
 			 * the submodule is not initialized
@@ -1361,12 +1437,38 @@  static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
 					    ce->name);
 			}
 		}
+	}
+
+	if (spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr) {
+		struct fetch_task *task =
+			spf->oid_fetch_tasks[spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr - 1];
+		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+		spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr--;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/",
+			    spf->prefix, task->sub->path);
+
+		child_process_init(cp);
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env_in_gitdir(&cp->env_array);
+		cp->git_cmd = 1;
+		cp->dir = task->repo->gitdir;
+
+		argv_array_init(&cp->args);
+		argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, spf->args.argv);
+		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "on-demand");
+		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "--submodule-prefix");
+		argv_array_push(&cp->args, submodule_prefix.buf);
+
+		/* NEEDSWORK: have get_default_remote from submodule--helper */
+		argv_array_push(&cp->args, "origin");
+		oid_array_for_each_unique(task->commits,
+					  append_oid_to_argv, &cp->args);
+
+		*task_cb = task;
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
-		if (ret) {
-			spf->count++;
-			return 1;
-		}
+		return 1;
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1374,20 +1476,66 @@  static int fetch_start_failure(struct strbuf *err,
 			       void *cb, void *task_cb)
 {
 	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+	struct fetch_task *task = task_cb;
 
 	spf->result = 1;
 
+	fetch_task_release(task);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int commit_exists_in_sub(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	struct repository *subrepo = data;
+
+	enum object_type type = oid_object_info(subrepo, oid, NULL);
+
+	return type != OBJ_COMMIT;
+}
+
 static int fetch_finish(int retvalue, struct strbuf *err,
 			void *cb, void *task_cb)
 {
 	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+	struct fetch_task *task = task_cb;
+
+	struct string_list_item *it;
+	struct oid_array *commits;
 
 	if (retvalue)
 		spf->result = 1;
 
+	if (!task || !task->sub)
+		BUG("callback cookie bogus");
+
+	/* Is this the second time we process this submodule? */
+	if (task->commits)
+		return 0;
+
+	it = string_list_lookup(&spf->changed_submodule_names, task->sub->name);
+	if (!it)
+		/* Could be an unchanged submodule, not contained in the list */
+		goto out;
+
+	commits = it->util;
+	oid_array_filter(commits,
+			 commit_exists_in_sub,
+			 task->repo);
+
+	/* Are there commits we want, but do not exist? */
+	if (commits->nr) {
+		task->commits = commits;
+		ALLOC_GROW(spf->oid_fetch_tasks,
+			   spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr + 1,
+			   spf->oid_fetch_tasks_alloc);
+		spf->oid_fetch_tasks[spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr] = task;
+		spf->oid_fetch_tasks_nr++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+out:
+	fetch_task_release(task);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
index 6c2f9b2ba2..8a016272bc 100755
--- a/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
+++ b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
@@ -600,4 +600,90 @@  test_expect_success "fetch new commits when submodule got renamed" '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success "fetch new submodule commits on-demand outside standard refspec" '
+	# add a second submodule and ensure it is around in downstream first
+	git clone submodule sub1 &&
+	git submodule add ./sub1 &&
+	git commit -m "adding a second submodule" &&
+	git -C downstream pull &&
+	git -C downstream submodule update --init --recursive &&
+
+	git checkout --detach &&
+
+	C=$(git -C submodule commit-tree -m "new change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C submodule update-ref refs/changes/1 $C &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $C submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+
+	D=$(git -C sub1 commit-tree -m "new change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C sub1 update-ref refs/changes/2 $D &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $D sub1 &&
+
+	git commit -m "updated submodules outside of refs/heads" &&
+	E=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git update-ref refs/changes/3 $E &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules origin refs/changes/3:refs/heads/my_branch &&
+		git -C submodule cat-file -t $C &&
+		git -C sub1 cat-file -t $D &&
+		git checkout --recurse-submodules FETCH_HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch new submodule commits on-demand in FETCH_HEAD' '
+	# depends on the previous test for setup
+
+	C=$(git -C submodule commit-tree -m "another change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C submodule update-ref refs/changes/4 $C &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $C submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+
+	D=$(git -C sub1 commit-tree -m "another change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C sub1 update-ref refs/changes/5 $D &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $D sub1 &&
+
+	git commit -m "updated submodules outside of refs/heads" &&
+	E=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git update-ref refs/changes/6 $E &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules origin refs/changes/6 &&
+		git -C submodule cat-file -t $C &&
+		git -C sub1 cat-file -t $D &&
+		git checkout --recurse-submodules FETCH_HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch new submodule commits on-demand without .gitmodules entry' '
+	# depends on the previous test for setup
+
+	git config -f .gitmodules --remove-section submodule.sub1 &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "delete gitmodules file" &&
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	git -C downstream fetch &&
+	git -C downstream checkout origin/master &&
+
+	C=$(git -C submodule commit-tree -m "yet another change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C submodule update-ref refs/changes/7 $C &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $C submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+
+	D=$(git -C sub1 commit-tree -m "yet another change outside refs/heads" HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C sub1 update-ref refs/changes/8 $D &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $D sub1 &&
+
+	git commit -m "updated submodules outside of refs/heads" &&
+	E=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git update-ref refs/changes/9 $E &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules origin refs/changes/9 &&
+		git -C submodule cat-file -t $C &&
+		git -C sub1 cat-file -t $D &&
+		git checkout --recurse-submodules FETCH_HEAD
+	)
+'
+
 test_done