@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ units as used on the +mkfs.xfs+ command line to configure these parameters.
The performance examples given in this section are highly dependent on storage,
CPU and RAM configuration. They are intended as guidelines to illustrate
behavioural differences, not the exact performance any configuration will
-acheive.
+achieve.
=====
=== Directory block size
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ available for storing attributes.
When attributes are stored in the literal area of the inode, both attribute
names and attribute values are limited to a maximum size of 254 bytes. If either
name or value exceeds 254 bytes in length, or the total space used by the
-atributes exceeds the size of the literal area, the entire set of attributes
+attributes exceeds the size of the literal area, the entire set of attributes
stored on the inode are pushed to a separate attribute block instead of being
stored inline.
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ than the maximum, and hence there is no need to reduce the log buffer size for
fsync heavy workloads.
The default size of the log buffer is 32KB. The maximum size is 256KB and other
-supported sizes are 64KB, 128KB or power of 2 mulitples of the log stripe unit
+supported sizes are 64KB, 128KB or power of 2 multiples of the log stripe unit
between 32KB and 256KB. It can be configured by use of the +logbsize+ mount
option.
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ xref:Knowledge[Knowledge Section].
The xref:Process[Process section] will cover the typical processes used to
optimise a filesystem for a given workload. If the workload measurements are not
-accurate or reproducable, then no conclusions can be drawn as to whether a
-configuration changes an improvemnt or not. Hence without a robust testing
+accurate or reproducible, then no conclusions can be drawn as to whether a
+configuration changes an improvement or not. Hence without a robust testing
process, no amount of knowledge or observation will result in a well optimised
filesystem configuration.
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ size of these entries is determined dynamically.
A variable-length array of descriptors of remote attributes. The location and
size of these entries is determined dynamically.
-On a v5 filesystem, the header becomes +xfs_da3_blkinfo_t+ to accomodate the
+On a v5 filesystem, the header becomes +xfs_da3_blkinfo_t+ to accommodate the
extra metadata integrity fields:
[source, c]
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ missing the +ilf_pad+ field and is 52 bytes long as opposed to 56 bytes.
This region contains the new contents of a part of an inode, as described in
the xref:Inode_Log_Item[previous section]. There are no magic numbers.
-If +XFS_ILOG_CORE+ is set in +ilf_fields+, the correpsonding data buffer must
+If +XFS_ILOG_CORE+ is set in +ilf_fields+, the corresponding data buffer must
be in the format +struct xfs_icdinode+, which has the same format as the first
96 bytes of an xref:On-disk_Inode[inode], but is recorded in host byte order.
@@ -92,5 +92,5 @@ XFS can create really big filesystems!
| Max Dir Size | 32GiB | 32GiB | 32GiB
|=====
-Linux doesn't suppport files or devices larger than 8EiB, so the block
+Linux doesn't support files or devices larger than 8EiB, so the block
limitations are largely ignorable.
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This data structure is under construction! Details may change.
To support the sharing of file data blocks (reflink), each allocation group has
its own reference count B+tree, which grows in the allocated space like the
-inode B+trees. This data could be gleaned by performing an interval query of
+inode B+trees. This data could be cleaned by performing an interval query of
the reverse-mapping B+tree, but doing so would come at a huge performance
penalty. Therefore, this data structure is a cache of computable information.
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ next to the metadata zone, but typically metadata writes are not correlated with
log writes.
Hence the only real functionality we need to add to the log is the tail pushing
-modificaitons to move the tail into the same zone as the head, as well as being
+modifications to move the tail into the same zone as the head, as well as being
able to trigger and block on zone write pointer reset operations.
The log doesn't actually need to track the zone write pointer, though log
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ packed extent allocation only) to ensure that newly written blocks are allocated
in a sane manner.
We're going to need userspace to be able to see the contents of these inodes;
-read only access wil be needed to analyse the contents of the zone, so we're
+read only access will be needed to analyse the contents of the zone, so we're
going to need a special directory to expose this information. It would be useful
to have a ".zones" directory hanging off the root directory that contains all
the zone allocation inodes so userspace can simply open them.
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ also have other benefits...
While it seems like tracking free space is trivial for the purposes of
allocation (and it is!), the complexity comes when we start to delete or
overwrite data. Suddenly zones no longer contain contiguous ranges of valid
-data; they have "freed" extents in the middle of them that contian stale data.
+data; they have "freed" extents in the middle of them that contain stale data.
We can't use that "stale space" until the entire zone is made up of "stale"
extents. Hence we need a Cleaner.
=== Zone Cleaner
The purpose of the cleaner is to find zones that are mostly stale space and
-consolidate the remaining referenced data into a new, contigious zone, enabling
+consolidate the remaining referenced data into a new, contiguous zone, enabling
us to then "clean" the stale zone and make it available for writing new data
again.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ parent pointer functionality. This gives us the mechanism by which we can
quickly re-organise files that have extents in zones that need cleaning.
The key word here is "reorganise". We have a tool that already reorganises file
-layout: xfs_fsr. The "Cleaner" is a finely targetted policy for xfs_fsr -
+layout: xfs_fsr. The "Cleaner" is a finely targeted policy for xfs_fsr -
instead of trying to minimise fixpel fragments, it finds zones that need
cleaning by reading their summary info from the /.zones/ directory and analysing
the free bitmap state if there is a high enough percentage of stale blocks. From
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ random write space for all our metadata......
A basic guideline is that for 4k blocks and zones of 256MB, we'll need 8kB of
bitmap space and two inodes, so call it 10kB per 256MB zone. That's 40MB per TB
-for free space bitmaps. We'll want to suport at least 1 million inodes per TB,
+for free space bitmaps. We'll want to support at least 1 million inodes per TB,
so that's another 512MB per TB, plus another 256MB per TB for directory
structures. There's other bits and pieces of metadata as well (attribute space,
internal freespace btrees, reverse map btrees, etc.
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ spiral.
I suspect the best we will be able to do with fallocate based preallocation is
to mark the region as delayed allocation.
-=== Allocation Alignemnt
+=== Allocation Alignment
With zone based write pointers, we lose all capability of write alignment to the
underlying storage - our only choice to write is the current set of write