[v1,1/6] mm: Adjust shuffle code to allow for future coalescing

Commit Message

Alexander H Duyck June 19, 2019, 10:33 p.m. UTC

From: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>

This patch is meant to move the head/tail adding logic out of the shuffle
code and into the __free_one_page function since ultimately that is where
it is really needed anyway. By doing this we should be able to reduce the
overhead and can consolidate all of the list addition bits in one spot.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>
---
 include/linux/mmzone.h |   12 --------
 mm/page_alloc.c        |   70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 mm/shuffle.c           |   24 ----------------
 mm/shuffle.h           |   35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 67 deletions(-)

Comments

David Hildenbrand June 25, 2019, 7:55 a.m. UTC | #1

On 20.06.19 00:33, Alexander Duyck wrote:
> From: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>
> 
> This patch is meant to move the head/tail adding logic out of the shuffle
> code and into the __free_one_page function since ultimately that is where
> it is really needed anyway. By doing this we should be able to reduce the
> overhead and can consolidate all of the list addition bits in one spot.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>
> ---
>  include/linux/mmzone.h |   12 --------
>  mm/page_alloc.c        |   70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
>  mm/shuffle.c           |   24 ----------------
>  mm/shuffle.h           |   35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 67 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> index 427b79c39b3c..4c07af2cfc2f 100644
> --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
> +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> @@ -116,18 +116,6 @@ static inline void add_to_free_area_tail(struct page *page, struct free_area *ar
>  	area->nr_free++;
>  }
>  
> -#ifdef CONFIG_SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR
> -/* Used to preserve page allocation order entropy */
> -void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
> -		int migratetype);
> -#else
> -static inline void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page,
> -		struct free_area *area, int migratetype)
> -{
> -	add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> -}
> -#endif
> -
>  /* Used for pages which are on another list */
>  static inline void move_to_free_area(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
>  			     int migratetype)
> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> index f4651a09948c..ec344ce46587 100644
> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> @@ -830,6 +830,36 @@ static inline struct capture_control *task_capc(struct zone *zone)
>  #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
>  
>  /*
> + * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
> + * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
> + * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
> + * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
> + * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
> + * as a higher order page
> + */
> +static inline bool
> +buddy_merge_likely(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long buddy_pfn,
> +		   struct page *page, unsigned int order)
> +{
> +	struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
> +	unsigned long combined_pfn;
> +
> +	if (is_shuffle_order(order) || order >= (MAX_ORDER - 2))

My intuition tells me you can drop the () around "MAX_ORDER - 2"

> +		return false;

Guess the "is_shuffle_order(order)" check should rather be performed by
the caller, before calling this function.

> +
> +	if (!pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn))
> +		return false;
> +
> +	combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
> +	higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
> +	buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
> +	higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
> +
> +	return pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
> +	       page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1);
> +}
> +
> +/*
>   * Freeing function for a buddy system allocator.
>   *
>   * The concept of a buddy system is to maintain direct-mapped table
> @@ -858,11 +888,12 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
>  		struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
>  		int migratetype)
>  {
> -	unsigned long combined_pfn;
> +	struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
>  	unsigned long uninitialized_var(buddy_pfn);
> -	struct page *buddy;
> +	unsigned long combined_pfn;
> +	struct free_area *area;
>  	unsigned int max_order;
> -	struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
> +	struct page *buddy;
>  
>  	max_order = min_t(unsigned int, MAX_ORDER, pageblock_order + 1);
>  
> @@ -931,35 +962,12 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
>  done_merging:
>  	set_page_order(page, order);
>  
> -	/*
> -	 * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
> -	 * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
> -	 * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
> -	 * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
> -	 * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
> -	 * as a higher order page
> -	 */
> -	if ((order < MAX_ORDER-2) && pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn)
> -			&& !is_shuffle_order(order)) {
> -		struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
> -		combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
> -		higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
> -		buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
> -		higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
> -		if (pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
> -		    page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1)) {
> -			add_to_free_area_tail(page, &zone->free_area[order],
> -					      migratetype);
> -			return;
> -		}
> -	}
> -
> -	if (is_shuffle_order(order))
> -		add_to_free_area_random(page, &zone->free_area[order],
> -				migratetype);
> +	area = &zone->free_area[order];
> +	if (buddy_merge_likely(pfn, buddy_pfn, page, order) ||
> +	    is_shuffle_tail_page(order))
> +		add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);

I would prefer here something like

if (is_shuffle_order(order)) {
	if (add_shuffle_order_to_tail(order))
		add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
	else
		add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
} else if (buddy_merge_likely(pfn, buddy_pfn, page, order)) {
	add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
} else {
	add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
}

dropping "is_shuffle_order()" from buddy_merge_likely()

Especially, the name "is_shuffle_tail_page(order)" suggests that you are
passing a page.

>  	else
> -		add_to_free_area(page, &zone->free_area[order], migratetype);
> -
> +		add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
>  }
>  
>  /*
> diff --git a/mm/shuffle.c b/mm/shuffle.c
> index 3ce12481b1dc..55d592e62526 100644
> --- a/mm/shuffle.c
> +++ b/mm/shuffle.c
> @@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
>  #include <linux/mm.h>
>  #include <linux/init.h>
>  #include <linux/mmzone.h>
> -#include <linux/random.h>
>  #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
>  #include "internal.h"
>  #include "shuffle.h"
> @@ -182,26 +181,3 @@ void __meminit __shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
>  	for (z = pgdat->node_zones; z < pgdat->node_zones + MAX_NR_ZONES; z++)
>  		shuffle_zone(z);
>  }
> -
> -void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
> -		int migratetype)
> -{
> -	static u64 rand;
> -	static u8 rand_bits;
> -
> -	/*
> -	 * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
> -	 * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
> -	 */
> -	if (rand_bits == 0) {
> -		rand_bits = 64;
> -		rand = get_random_u64();
> -	}
> -
> -	if (rand & 1)
> -		add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> -	else
> -		add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
> -	rand_bits--;
> -	rand >>= 1;
> -}
> diff --git a/mm/shuffle.h b/mm/shuffle.h
> index 777a257a0d2f..3f4edb60a453 100644
> --- a/mm/shuffle.h
> +++ b/mm/shuffle.h
> @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
>  #ifndef _MM_SHUFFLE_H
>  #define _MM_SHUFFLE_H
>  #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> +#include <linux/random.h>
>  
>  /*
>   * SHUFFLE_ENABLE is called from the command line enabling path, or by
> @@ -43,6 +44,35 @@ static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
>  		return false;
>  	return order >= SHUFFLE_ORDER;
>  }
> +
> +static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
> +{
> +	static u64 rand;
> +	static u8 rand_bits;
> +	u64 rand_old;
> +
> +	if (!is_shuffle_order(order))
> +		return false;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
> +	 * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
> +	 */
> +	if (rand_bits-- == 0) {
> +		rand_bits = 64;
> +		rand = get_random_u64();
> +	}
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Test highest order bit while shifting our random value. This
> +	 * should result in us testing for the carry flag following the
> +	 * shift.
> +	 */
> +	rand_old = rand;
> +	rand <<= 1;
> +
> +	return rand < rand_old;
> +}
>  #else
>  static inline void shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
>  {
> @@ -60,5 +90,10 @@ static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
>  {
>  	return false;
>  }
> +
> +static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
>  #endif
>  #endif /* _MM_SHUFFLE_H */
>

Dave Hansen June 25, 2019, 6:25 p.m. UTC | #2

On 6/19/19 3:33 PM, Alexander Duyck wrote:
> 
> This patch is meant to move the head/tail adding logic out of the shuffle
> code and into the __free_one_page function since ultimately that is where
> it is really needed anyway. By doing this we should be able to reduce the
> overhead and can consolidate all of the list addition bits in one spot.

Dave Hansen June 25, 2019, 6:26 p.m. UTC | #3

On 6/19/19 3:33 PM, Alexander Duyck wrote:
> This patch is meant to move the head/tail adding logic out of the shuffle
> code and into the __free_one_page function since ultimately that is where
> it is really needed anyway. By doing this we should be able to reduce the
> overhead and can consolidate all of the list addition bits in one spot.

This looks like a sane cleanup that can stand on its own.  It gives nice
names (buddy_merge_likely()) to things that were just code blobs before.

Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <[e-mail]>

Alexander H Duyck June 28, 2019, 7:49 p.m. UTC | #4

On Tue, Jun 25, 2019 at 12:56 AM David Hildenbrand <[e-mail]> wrote:
>
> On 20.06.19 00:33, Alexander Duyck wrote:
> > From: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>
> >
> > This patch is meant to move the head/tail adding logic out of the shuffle
> > code and into the __free_one_page function since ultimately that is where
> > it is really needed anyway. By doing this we should be able to reduce the
> > overhead and can consolidate all of the list addition bits in one spot.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <[e-mail]>
> > ---
> >  include/linux/mmzone.h |   12 --------
> >  mm/page_alloc.c        |   70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
> >  mm/shuffle.c           |   24 ----------------
> >  mm/shuffle.h           |   35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 67 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> > index 427b79c39b3c..4c07af2cfc2f 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> > @@ -116,18 +116,6 @@ static inline void add_to_free_area_tail(struct page *page, struct free_area *ar
> >       area->nr_free++;
> >  }
> >
> > -#ifdef CONFIG_SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR
> > -/* Used to preserve page allocation order entropy */
> > -void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
> > -             int migratetype);
> > -#else
> > -static inline void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page,
> > -             struct free_area *area, int migratetype)
> > -{
> > -     add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> > -}
> > -#endif
> > -
> >  /* Used for pages which are on another list */
> >  static inline void move_to_free_area(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
> >                            int migratetype)
> > diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > index f4651a09948c..ec344ce46587 100644
> > --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> > +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > @@ -830,6 +830,36 @@ static inline struct capture_control *task_capc(struct zone *zone)
> >  #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
> >
> >  /*
> > + * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
> > + * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
> > + * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
> > + * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
> > + * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
> > + * as a higher order page
> > + */
> > +static inline bool
> > +buddy_merge_likely(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long buddy_pfn,
> > +                struct page *page, unsigned int order)
> > +{
> > +     struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
> > +     unsigned long combined_pfn;
> > +
> > +     if (is_shuffle_order(order) || order >= (MAX_ORDER - 2))
>
> My intuition tells me you can drop the () around "MAX_ORDER - 2"

I dunno, I always kind of prefer to use the parenthesis in these cases
for readability. I suppose I can drop it though.

> > +             return false;
>
> Guess the "is_shuffle_order(order)" check should rather be performed by
> the caller, before calling this function.

I could do that, however I am not sure it adds much. I am pretty sure
the resultant code would be the same. Where things would be a bit more
complicated is that I would then have to probably look at adding a
variable to trap the output of is_shuffle_tail_page or
buddy_merge_likely.

> > +
> > +     if (!pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn))
> > +             return false;
> > +
> > +     combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
> > +     higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
> > +     buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
> > +     higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
> > +
> > +     return pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
> > +            page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1);
> > +}
> > +
> > +/*
> >   * Freeing function for a buddy system allocator.
> >   *
> >   * The concept of a buddy system is to maintain direct-mapped table
> > @@ -858,11 +888,12 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
> >               struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
> >               int migratetype)
> >  {
> > -     unsigned long combined_pfn;
> > +     struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
> >       unsigned long uninitialized_var(buddy_pfn);
> > -     struct page *buddy;
> > +     unsigned long combined_pfn;
> > +     struct free_area *area;
> >       unsigned int max_order;
> > -     struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
> > +     struct page *buddy;
> >
> >       max_order = min_t(unsigned int, MAX_ORDER, pageblock_order + 1);
> >
> > @@ -931,35 +962,12 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
> >  done_merging:
> >       set_page_order(page, order);
> >
> > -     /*
> > -      * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
> > -      * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
> > -      * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
> > -      * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
> > -      * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
> > -      * as a higher order page
> > -      */
> > -     if ((order < MAX_ORDER-2) && pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn)
> > -                     && !is_shuffle_order(order)) {
> > -             struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
> > -             combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
> > -             higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
> > -             buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
> > -             higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
> > -             if (pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
> > -                 page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1)) {
> > -                     add_to_free_area_tail(page, &zone->free_area[order],
> > -                                           migratetype);
> > -                     return;
> > -             }
> > -     }
> > -
> > -     if (is_shuffle_order(order))
> > -             add_to_free_area_random(page, &zone->free_area[order],
> > -                             migratetype);
> > +     area = &zone->free_area[order];
> > +     if (buddy_merge_likely(pfn, buddy_pfn, page, order) ||
> > +         is_shuffle_tail_page(order))
> > +             add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
>
> I would prefer here something like
>
> if (is_shuffle_order(order)) {
>         if (add_shuffle_order_to_tail(order))
>                 add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
>         else
>                 add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> } else if (buddy_merge_likely(pfn, buddy_pfn, page, order)) {
>         add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
> } else {
>         add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> }
>
> dropping "is_shuffle_order()" from buddy_merge_likely()
>
> Especially, the name "is_shuffle_tail_page(order)" suggests that you are
> passing a page.

Okay, I can look at renaming that. I will probably look at just using
a variable instead of nesting the if statements like that. Otherwise
that is going to get pretty messy fairly quickly.

> >       else
> > -             add_to_free_area(page, &zone->free_area[order], migratetype);
> > -
> > +             add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> >  }
> >
> >  /*
> > diff --git a/mm/shuffle.c b/mm/shuffle.c
> > index 3ce12481b1dc..55d592e62526 100644
> > --- a/mm/shuffle.c
> > +++ b/mm/shuffle.c
> > @@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
> >  #include <linux/mm.h>
> >  #include <linux/init.h>
> >  #include <linux/mmzone.h>
> > -#include <linux/random.h>
> >  #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
> >  #include "internal.h"
> >  #include "shuffle.h"
> > @@ -182,26 +181,3 @@ void __meminit __shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
> >       for (z = pgdat->node_zones; z < pgdat->node_zones + MAX_NR_ZONES; z++)
> >               shuffle_zone(z);
> >  }
> > -
> > -void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
> > -             int migratetype)
> > -{
> > -     static u64 rand;
> > -     static u8 rand_bits;
> > -
> > -     /*
> > -      * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
> > -      * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
> > -      */
> > -     if (rand_bits == 0) {
> > -             rand_bits = 64;
> > -             rand = get_random_u64();
> > -     }
> > -
> > -     if (rand & 1)
> > -             add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
> > -     else
> > -             add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
> > -     rand_bits--;
> > -     rand >>= 1;
> > -}
> > diff --git a/mm/shuffle.h b/mm/shuffle.h
> > index 777a257a0d2f..3f4edb60a453 100644
> > --- a/mm/shuffle.h
> > +++ b/mm/shuffle.h
> > @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
> >  #ifndef _MM_SHUFFLE_H
> >  #define _MM_SHUFFLE_H
> >  #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> > +#include <linux/random.h>
> >
> >  /*
> >   * SHUFFLE_ENABLE is called from the command line enabling path, or by
> > @@ -43,6 +44,35 @@ static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
> >               return false;
> >       return order >= SHUFFLE_ORDER;
> >  }
> > +
> > +static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
> > +{
> > +     static u64 rand;
> > +     static u8 rand_bits;
> > +     u64 rand_old;
> > +
> > +     if (!is_shuffle_order(order))
> > +             return false;
> > +
> > +     /*
> > +      * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
> > +      * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
> > +      */
> > +     if (rand_bits-- == 0) {
> > +             rand_bits = 64;
> > +             rand = get_random_u64();
> > +     }
> > +
> > +     /*
> > +      * Test highest order bit while shifting our random value. This
> > +      * should result in us testing for the carry flag following the
> > +      * shift.
> > +      */
> > +     rand_old = rand;
> > +     rand <<= 1;
> > +
> > +     return rand < rand_old;
> > +}
> >  #else
> >  static inline void shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
> >  {
> > @@ -60,5 +90,10 @@ static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
> >  {
> >       return false;
> >  }
> > +
> > +static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
> > +{
> > +     return false;
> > +}
> >  #endif
> >  #endif /* _MM_SHUFFLE_H */
> >
>
>
> --
>
> Thanks,
>
> David / dhildenb

Patch

diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
index 427b79c39b3c..4c07af2cfc2f 100644
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -116,18 +116,6 @@  static inline void add_to_free_area_tail(struct page *page, struct free_area *ar
 	area->nr_free++;
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR
-/* Used to preserve page allocation order entropy */
-void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
-		int migratetype);
-#else
-static inline void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page,
-		struct free_area *area, int migratetype)
-{
-	add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
-}
-#endif
-
 /* Used for pages which are on another list */
 static inline void move_to_free_area(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
 			     int migratetype)
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index f4651a09948c..ec344ce46587 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -830,6 +830,36 @@  static inline struct capture_control *task_capc(struct zone *zone)
 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
 
 /*
+ * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
+ * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
+ * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
+ * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
+ * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
+ * as a higher order page
+ */
+static inline bool
+buddy_merge_likely(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long buddy_pfn,
+		   struct page *page, unsigned int order)
+{
+	struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
+	unsigned long combined_pfn;
+
+	if (is_shuffle_order(order) || order >= (MAX_ORDER - 2))
+		return false;
+
+	if (!pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn))
+		return false;
+
+	combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
+	higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
+	buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
+	higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
+
+	return pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
+	       page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1);
+}
+
+/*
  * Freeing function for a buddy system allocator.
  *
  * The concept of a buddy system is to maintain direct-mapped table
@@ -858,11 +888,12 @@  static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 		struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
 		int migratetype)
 {
-	unsigned long combined_pfn;
+	struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
 	unsigned long uninitialized_var(buddy_pfn);
-	struct page *buddy;
+	unsigned long combined_pfn;
+	struct free_area *area;
 	unsigned int max_order;
-	struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
+	struct page *buddy;
 
 	max_order = min_t(unsigned int, MAX_ORDER, pageblock_order + 1);
 
@@ -931,35 +962,12 @@  static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 done_merging:
 	set_page_order(page, order);
 
-	/*
-	 * If this is not the largest possible page, check if the buddy
-	 * of the next-highest order is free. If it is, it's possible
-	 * that pages are being freed that will coalesce soon. In case,
-	 * that is happening, add the free page to the tail of the list
-	 * so it's less likely to be used soon and more likely to be merged
-	 * as a higher order page
-	 */
-	if ((order < MAX_ORDER-2) && pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn)
-			&& !is_shuffle_order(order)) {
-		struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
-		combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
-		higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
-		buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
-		higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
-		if (pfn_valid_within(buddy_pfn) &&
-		    page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1)) {
-			add_to_free_area_tail(page, &zone->free_area[order],
-					      migratetype);
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (is_shuffle_order(order))
-		add_to_free_area_random(page, &zone->free_area[order],
-				migratetype);
+	area = &zone->free_area[order];
+	if (buddy_merge_likely(pfn, buddy_pfn, page, order) ||
+	    is_shuffle_tail_page(order))
+		add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
 	else
-		add_to_free_area(page, &zone->free_area[order], migratetype);
-
+		add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/mm/shuffle.c b/mm/shuffle.c
index 3ce12481b1dc..55d592e62526 100644
--- a/mm/shuffle.c
+++ b/mm/shuffle.c
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ 
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
-#include <linux/random.h>
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "shuffle.h"
@@ -182,26 +181,3 @@  void __meminit __shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
 	for (z = pgdat->node_zones; z < pgdat->node_zones + MAX_NR_ZONES; z++)
 		shuffle_zone(z);
 }
-
-void add_to_free_area_random(struct page *page, struct free_area *area,
-		int migratetype)
-{
-	static u64 rand;
-	static u8 rand_bits;
-
-	/*
-	 * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
-	 * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
-	 */
-	if (rand_bits == 0) {
-		rand_bits = 64;
-		rand = get_random_u64();
-	}
-
-	if (rand & 1)
-		add_to_free_area(page, area, migratetype);
-	else
-		add_to_free_area_tail(page, area, migratetype);
-	rand_bits--;
-	rand >>= 1;
-}
diff --git a/mm/shuffle.h b/mm/shuffle.h
index 777a257a0d2f..3f4edb60a453 100644
--- a/mm/shuffle.h
+++ b/mm/shuffle.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ 
 #ifndef _MM_SHUFFLE_H
 #define _MM_SHUFFLE_H
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
 
 /*
  * SHUFFLE_ENABLE is called from the command line enabling path, or by
@@ -43,6 +44,35 @@  static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
 		return false;
 	return order >= SHUFFLE_ORDER;
 }
+
+static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
+{
+	static u64 rand;
+	static u8 rand_bits;
+	u64 rand_old;
+
+	if (!is_shuffle_order(order))
+		return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * The lack of locking is deliberate. If 2 threads race to
+	 * update the rand state it just adds to the entropy.
+	 */
+	if (rand_bits-- == 0) {
+		rand_bits = 64;
+		rand = get_random_u64();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Test highest order bit while shifting our random value. This
+	 * should result in us testing for the carry flag following the
+	 * shift.
+	 */
+	rand_old = rand;
+	rand <<= 1;
+
+	return rand < rand_old;
+}
 #else
 static inline void shuffle_free_memory(pg_data_t *pgdat)
 {
@@ -60,5 +90,10 @@  static inline bool is_shuffle_order(int order)
 {
 	return false;
 }
+
+static inline bool is_shuffle_tail_page(int order)
+{
+	return false;
+}
 #endif
 #endif /* _MM_SHUFFLE_H */