diff mbox

[RFC,v2,07/10] vfs: fork one kthread to update data temperature

Message ID 1348404995-14372-8-git-send-email-zwu.kernel@gmail.com (mailing list archive)
State Not Applicable, archived
Headers show

Commit Message

Zhiyong Wu Sept. 23, 2012, 12:56 p.m. UTC
From: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

  Fork and run one kernel kthread to calculate
that temperature based on some metrics kept
in custom frequency data structs, and store
the info in the hash table.

Signed-off-by: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
---
 fs/hot_tracking.c            |  467 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 fs/hot_tracking.h            |   78 +++++++
 include/linux/hot_tracking.h |    3 +
 3 files changed, 542 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

Comments

Dave Chinner Sept. 27, 2012, 4:03 a.m. UTC | #1
On Sun, Sep 23, 2012 at 08:56:32PM +0800, zwu.kernel@gmail.com wrote:
> From: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> 
>   Fork and run one kernel kthread to calculate
> that temperature based on some metrics kept
> in custom frequency data structs, and store
> the info in the hash table.

No new kthreads, please. Use a per-superblock workqueue and a struct
delayed_work to run periodic work on each superblock.

That will also remove all the nasty, nasty
!hot_track_temperature_update_kthread checks from the code, too.

Also, I'd separate the work that the workqueue does from the patch
that introduces the work queue. That way there is only one new thing
to comment on in the patch. Further, I'd separate the aging code
from the code that updates the temperature map into it's own patch
as well..

Finally, you're going to need a shrinker to control the amount of
memory that is used in tracking hot regions - if we are throwing
inodes out of memory due to memory pressure, we most definitely are
going to need to reduce the amount of memory the tracking code is
using, even if it means losing useful information (i.e. the shrinker
accelerates the aging process).

Given the above, and the other comments earlier in the series,
there's not a lot of point in me spending time commenting on ethe
code in detail here as it will change significantly as a result of
all the earlier comments....

Cheers,

Dave.
Zhiyong Wu Sept. 27, 2012, 6:54 a.m. UTC | #2
On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 12:03 PM, Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 23, 2012 at 08:56:32PM +0800, zwu.kernel@gmail.com wrote:
>> From: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
>>
>>   Fork and run one kernel kthread to calculate
>> that temperature based on some metrics kept
>> in custom frequency data structs, and store
>> the info in the hash table.
>
> No new kthreads, please. Use a per-superblock workqueue and a struct
> delayed_work to run periodic work on each superblock.
If no new kthread is created, which kthread will work on these
delayed_work tasks?

>
> That will also remove all the nasty, nasty
> !hot_track_temperature_update_kthread checks from the code, too.
>
> Also, I'd separate the work that the workqueue does from the patch
> that introduces the work queue. That way there is only one new thing
> to comment on in the patch. Further, I'd separate the aging code
> from the code that updates the temperature map into it's own patch
> as well..
>
> Finally, you're going to need a shrinker to control the amount of
> memory that is used in tracking hot regions - if we are throwing
> inodes out of memory due to memory pressure, we most definitely are
> going to need to reduce the amount of memory the tracking code is
> using, even if it means losing useful information (i.e. the shrinker
> accelerates the aging process).
Great, I agree with you.
>
> Given the above, and the other comments earlier in the series,
> there's not a lot of point in me spending time commenting on ethe
> code in detail here as it will change significantly as a result of
> all the earlier comments....
OK,  i will complete the code change based on all your earlier comments ASAP.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Dave.
> --
> Dave Chinner
> david@fromorbit.com
> --
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-btrfs" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Dave Chinner Sept. 27, 2012, 7:01 a.m. UTC | #3
On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 02:54:22PM +0800, Zhi Yong Wu wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 12:03 PM, Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> wrote:
> > On Sun, Sep 23, 2012 at 08:56:32PM +0800, zwu.kernel@gmail.com wrote:
> >> From: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> >>
> >>   Fork and run one kernel kthread to calculate
> >> that temperature based on some metrics kept
> >> in custom frequency data structs, and store
> >> the info in the hash table.
> >
> > No new kthreads, please. Use a per-superblock workqueue and a struct
> > delayed_work to run periodic work on each superblock.
> If no new kthread is created, which kthread will work on these
> delayed_work tasks?

One of the kworker threads that service the workqueue
infrastructure.

Cheers,

Dave.
Zhiyong Wu Sept. 27, 2012, 7:19 a.m. UTC | #4
On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 3:01 PM, Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 02:54:22PM +0800, Zhi Yong Wu wrote:
>> On Thu, Sep 27, 2012 at 12:03 PM, Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> wrote:
>> > On Sun, Sep 23, 2012 at 08:56:32PM +0800, zwu.kernel@gmail.com wrote:
>> >> From: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
>> >>
>> >>   Fork and run one kernel kthread to calculate
>> >> that temperature based on some metrics kept
>> >> in custom frequency data structs, and store
>> >> the info in the hash table.
>> >
>> > No new kthreads, please. Use a per-superblock workqueue and a struct
>> > delayed_work to run periodic work on each superblock.
>> If no new kthread is created, which kthread will work on these
>> delayed_work tasks?
>
> One of the kworker threads that service the workqueue
> infrastructure.
Got it, thanks
>
> Cheers,
>
> Dave.
> --
> Dave Chinner
> david@fromorbit.com
diff mbox

Patch

diff --git a/fs/hot_tracking.c b/fs/hot_tracking.c
index 5f96442..fd11695 100644
--- a/fs/hot_tracking.c
+++ b/fs/hot_tracking.c
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ 
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
 #include <linux/hash.h>
+#include <linux/kthread.h>
+#include <linux/freezer.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
@@ -27,7 +29,12 @@  static struct kmem_cache *hot_inode_item_cache;
 static struct kmem_cache *hot_range_item_cache;
 static struct kmem_cache *hot_hash_node_cache;
 
+static struct task_struct *hot_track_temperature_update_kthread;
+
 static void hot_hash_node_init(void *_node);
+static int hot_hash_is_aging(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data);
+static void hot_hash_update_hash_table(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data,
+                        struct hot_info *root);
 
 /*
  * Initialize the inode tree. Should be called for each new inode
@@ -456,9 +463,13 @@  static struct hot_inode_item *hot_rb_update_inode_freq(struct inode *inode,
 		write_unlock(&hitree->lock);
 	}
 
-	spin_lock(&he->lock);
-	hot_rb_update_freq(&he->hot_freq_data, rw);
-	spin_unlock(&he->lock);
+	if (!hot_track_temperature_update_kthread
+		|| hot_track_temperature_update_kthread->pid != current->pid) {
+		spin_lock(&he->lock);
+		hot_rb_update_freq(&he->hot_freq_data, rw);
+		spin_unlock(&he->lock);
+		hot_hash_update_hash_table(&he->hot_freq_data, root);
+	}
 
 out:
 	return he;
@@ -505,9 +516,14 @@  static bool hot_rb_update_range_freq(struct hot_inode_item *he,
 			write_unlock(&hrtree->lock);
 		}
 
-		spin_lock(&hr->lock);
-		hot_rb_update_freq(&hr->hot_freq_data, rw);
-		spin_unlock(&hr->lock);
+		if (!hot_track_temperature_update_kthread
+			|| hot_track_temperature_update_kthread->pid != current->pid) {
+			spin_lock(&hr->lock);
+			hot_rb_update_freq(&hr->hot_freq_data, rw);
+			spin_unlock(&hr->lock);
+			hot_hash_update_hash_table(&hr->hot_freq_data, root);
+		}
+
 		hot_rb_free_hot_range_item(hr);
 	}
 
@@ -515,6 +531,58 @@  out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/* Walk the hot_inode_tree, locking as necessary */
+static struct hot_inode_item
+*hot_rb_find_next_hot_inode(struct hot_info *root,
+			u64 objectid)
+{
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	struct rb_node *prev;
+	struct hot_inode_item *entry;
+
+	read_lock(&root->hot_inode_tree.lock);
+
+	node = root->hot_inode_tree.map.rb_node;
+	prev = NULL;
+	while (node) {
+		prev = node;
+		entry = rb_entry(node, struct hot_inode_item, rb_node);
+
+		if (objectid < entry->i_ino)
+			node = node->rb_left;
+		else if (objectid > entry->i_ino)
+			node = node->rb_right;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (!node) {
+		while (prev) {
+			entry = rb_entry(prev, struct hot_inode_item, rb_node);
+			if (objectid <= entry->i_ino) {
+				node = prev;
+				break;
+			}
+			prev = rb_next(prev);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (node) {
+		entry = rb_entry(node, struct hot_inode_item, rb_node);
+		/*
+		  * increase reference count to prevent pruning while
+		  * caller is using the hot_inode_item
+		  */
+		kref_get(&entry->refs);
+
+		read_unlock(&root->hot_inode_tree.lock);
+		return entry;
+	}
+
+	read_unlock(&root->hot_inode_tree.lock);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 /* main function to update access frequency from read/writepage(s) hooks */
 void hot_rb_update_freqs(struct inode *inode, u64 start,
 			u64 len, int rw)
@@ -534,6 +602,65 @@  void hot_rb_update_freqs(struct inode *inode, u64 start,
 }
 
 /*
+ * take hot range that is now cold and remove from indexes and clean up
+ * any memory associted, involves removing hot range from rb tree, and
+ * heat hash lists, and freeing up all memory.
+ */
+static void hot_rb_remove_range_data(struct hot_inode_item *hot_inode,
+			struct hot_range_item *hr,
+			struct hot_info *root)
+{
+	/* remove range from rb tree */
+	hot_rb_remove_hot_range_item(&hot_inode->hot_range_tree, hr);
+
+	/* remove range from hash list */
+	spin_lock(&hr->heat_node->lock);
+	write_lock(&hr->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+	hlist_del(&hr->heat_node->hashnode);
+	write_unlock(&hr->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+	spin_unlock(&hr->heat_node->lock);
+
+	/*free up memory */
+	kfree(hr->heat_node);
+	hot_rb_free_hot_range_item(hr);
+}
+
+/* Update temperatures for each range item for aging purposes */
+static void hot_rb_update_range_data(struct hot_inode_item *hot_inode,
+					struct hot_info *root)
+{
+	struct hot_range_tree *inode_range_tree;
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	struct rb_node *old_node;
+	struct hot_range_item *current_range;
+	int range_is_aging;
+
+	inode_range_tree = &hot_inode->hot_range_tree;
+	write_lock(&inode_range_tree->lock);
+	node = rb_first(&inode_range_tree->map);
+	/* Walk the hot_range_tree for inode */
+	while (node) {
+		current_range = rb_entry(node, struct hot_range_item, rb_node);
+		hot_hash_update_hash_table(&current_range->hot_freq_data, root);
+		old_node = node;
+		node = rb_next(node);
+
+		spin_lock(&current_range->lock);
+		range_is_aging = hot_hash_is_aging(&current_range->hot_freq_data);
+		spin_unlock(&current_range->lock);
+
+		if (range_is_aging) {
+			if (atomic_read(
+			&current_range->heat_node->refs.refcount) <= 1)
+				hot_rb_remove_range_data(hot_inode,
+						current_range, root);
+		}
+	}
+
+	write_unlock(&inode_range_tree->lock);
+}
+
+/*
  * Initialize hash node.
  */
 static void hot_hash_node_init(void *_node)
@@ -575,6 +702,308 @@  static void hot_hash_table_init(struct hot_info *root)
 	}
 }
 
+static void hot_hash_node_free(struct hlist_head *head)
+{
+	struct hlist_node *pos = NULL, *pos2 = NULL;
+	struct hot_hash_node *heatnode = NULL;
+
+	hlist_for_each_safe(pos, pos2, head) {
+			heatnode = hlist_entry(pos,
+					struct hot_hash_node,
+					hashnode);
+			hlist_del(pos);
+			kfree(heatnode);
+	}
+
+}
+
+static void hot_hash_table_free(struct hot_info *root)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Free node/range heat hash lists */
+	for (i = 0; i < HEAT_HASH_SIZE; i++) {
+		hot_hash_node_free(&root->heat_inode_hl[i].hashhead);
+		hot_hash_node_free(&root->heat_range_hl[i].hashhead);
+	}
+}
+
+static u64 hot_hash_shift(u64 counter, u32 bits, bool shift_dir)
+{
+	if (shift_dir)
+		return counter << bits;
+	else
+		return counter >> bits;
+}
+
+/*
+ * hot_hash_calc_temperature() is responsible for distilling the six heat
+ * criteria, which are described in detail in hot_hash.h) down into a single
+ * temperature value for the data, which is an integer between 0
+ * and HEAT_MAX_VALUE.
+ *
+ * To accomplish this, the raw values from the hot_freq_data structure
+ * are shifted various ways in order to make the temperature calculation more
+ * or less sensitive to each value.
+ *
+ * Once this calibration has happened, we do some additional normalization and
+ * make sure that everything fits nicely in a u32. From there, we take a very
+ * rudimentary kind of "average" of each of the values, where the *_COEFF_POWER
+ * values act as weights for the average.
+ *
+ * Finally, we use the HEAT_HASH_BITS value, which determines the size of the
+ * heat hash list, to normalize the temperature to the proper granularity.
+ */
+int hot_hash_calc_temperature(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data)
+{
+	u64 result = 0;
+
+	struct timespec ckt = current_kernel_time();
+	u64 cur_time = timespec_to_ns(&ckt);
+
+	u32 nrr_heat = (u32)hot_hash_shift((u64)freq_data->nr_reads,
+					NRR_MULTIPLIER_POWER, true);
+	u32 nrw_heat = (u32)hot_hash_shift((u64)freq_data->nr_writes,
+					NRW_MULTIPLIER_POWER, true);
+
+	u64 ltr_heat =
+	hot_hash_shift((cur_time - timespec_to_ns(&freq_data->last_read_time)),
+			LTR_DIVIDER_POWER, false);
+	u64 ltw_heat =
+	hot_hash_shift((cur_time - timespec_to_ns(&freq_data->last_write_time)),
+			LTW_DIVIDER_POWER, false);
+
+	u64 avr_heat =
+		hot_hash_shift((((u64) -1) - freq_data->avg_delta_reads),
+			AVR_DIVIDER_POWER, false);
+	u64 avw_heat =
+		hot_hash_shift((((u64) -1) - freq_data->avg_delta_writes),
+			AVW_DIVIDER_POWER, false);
+
+	/* ltr_heat is now guaranteed to be u32 safe */
+	if (ltr_heat >= hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true))
+		ltr_heat = 0;
+	else
+		ltr_heat = hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true) - ltr_heat;
+
+	/* ltw_heat is now guaranteed to be u32 safe */
+	if (ltw_heat >= hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true))
+		ltw_heat = 0;
+	else
+		ltw_heat = hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true) - ltw_heat;
+
+	/* avr_heat is now guaranteed to be u32 safe */
+	if (avr_heat >= hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true))
+		avr_heat = (u32) -1;
+
+	/* avw_heat is now guaranteed to be u32 safe */
+	if (avw_heat >= hot_hash_shift((u64) 1, 32, true))
+		avw_heat = (u32) -1;
+
+	nrr_heat = (u32)hot_hash_shift((u64)nrr_heat,
+				(3 - NRR_COEFF_POWER), false);
+	nrw_heat = (u32)hot_hash_shift((u64)nrw_heat,
+				(3 - NRW_COEFF_POWER), false);
+	ltr_heat = hot_hash_shift(ltr_heat, (3 - LTR_COEFF_POWER), false);
+	ltw_heat = hot_hash_shift(ltw_heat, (3 - LTW_COEFF_POWER), false);
+	avr_heat = hot_hash_shift(avr_heat, (3 - AVR_COEFF_POWER), false);
+	avw_heat = hot_hash_shift(avw_heat, (3 - AVW_COEFF_POWER), false);
+
+	result = nrr_heat + nrw_heat + (u32) ltr_heat +
+			(u32) ltw_heat + (u32) avr_heat + (u32) avw_heat;
+
+	return result >> (32 - HEAT_HASH_BITS);
+}
+
+static int hot_hash_is_aging(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct timespec ckt = current_kernel_time();
+
+	u64 cur_time = timespec_to_ns(&ckt);
+	u64 last_read_ns =
+		(cur_time - timespec_to_ns(&freq_data->last_read_time));
+	u64 last_write_ns =
+		(cur_time - timespec_to_ns(&freq_data->last_write_time));
+	u64 kick_ns = TIME_TO_KICK * (u64)1000000000;
+
+	if ((last_read_ns > kick_ns) && (last_write_ns > kick_ns))
+		ret = 1;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calc a new temperature and, if necessary, move the heat_node corresponding
+ * to this inode or range to the proper hashlist with the new temperature
+ */
+static void hot_hash_update_hash_table(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data,
+			struct hot_info *root)
+{
+	int temperature = 0;
+	int moved = 0;
+	struct hot_hash_head *buckets, *current_bucket = NULL;
+	struct hot_inode_item *he;
+	struct hot_range_item *hr;
+
+	if (freq_data->flags & FREQ_DATA_TYPE_INODE) {
+		he = hot_freq_data_get_he(freq_data);
+		buckets = root->heat_inode_hl;
+
+		spin_lock(&he->lock);
+		temperature = hot_hash_calc_temperature(freq_data);
+		freq_data->last_temperature = temperature;
+		spin_unlock(&he->lock);
+
+		if (he == NULL)
+			return;
+
+		spin_lock(&he->heat_node->lock);
+		if (he->heat_node->hlist == NULL) {
+			current_bucket = buckets + temperature;
+			moved = 1;
+		} else {
+			write_lock(&he->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+			current_bucket = he->heat_node->hlist;
+			if (current_bucket->temperature != temperature) {
+				hlist_del(&he->heat_node->hashnode);
+				current_bucket = buckets + temperature;
+				moved = 1;
+			}
+			write_unlock(&he->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+		}
+
+		if (moved) {
+			write_lock(&current_bucket->rwlock);
+			hlist_add_head(&he->heat_node->hashnode,
+					&current_bucket->hashhead);
+			he->heat_node->hlist = current_bucket;
+			write_unlock(&current_bucket->rwlock);
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&he->heat_node->lock);
+	} else if (freq_data->flags & FREQ_DATA_TYPE_RANGE) {
+		hr = hot_freq_data_get_hr(freq_data);
+		buckets = root->heat_range_hl;
+
+		spin_lock(&hr->lock);
+		temperature = hot_hash_calc_temperature(freq_data);
+		freq_data->last_temperature = temperature;
+		spin_unlock(&hr->lock);
+
+		if (hr == NULL)
+			return;
+
+		spin_lock(&hr->heat_node->lock);
+		if (hr->heat_node->hlist == NULL) {
+			current_bucket = buckets + temperature;
+			moved = 1;
+		} else {
+			write_lock(&hr->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+			current_bucket = hr->heat_node->hlist;
+			if (current_bucket->temperature != temperature) {
+				hlist_del(&hr->heat_node->hashnode);
+				current_bucket = buckets + temperature;
+				moved = 1;
+			}
+			write_unlock(&hr->heat_node->hlist->rwlock);
+		}
+
+		if (moved) {
+			write_lock(&current_bucket->rwlock);
+			hlist_add_head(&hr->heat_node->hashnode,
+					&current_bucket->hashhead);
+			hr->heat_node->hlist = current_bucket;
+			write_unlock(&current_bucket->rwlock);
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&hr->heat_node->lock);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update temperatures for each hot inode item and
+ * hot range item for aging purposes
+ */
+static void hot_hash_temperature_update_iterator(struct hot_info *root)
+{
+	struct hot_inode_item *current_hot_inode;
+	struct hot_inode_tree *hot_inode_tree;
+	unsigned long inode_num;
+
+	hot_inode_tree = &root->hot_inode_tree;
+
+	/* walk the inode tree */
+	current_hot_inode = hot_rb_find_next_hot_inode(root, 0);
+	while (current_hot_inode) {
+		hot_hash_update_hash_table(
+			&current_hot_inode->hot_freq_data, root);
+		hot_rb_update_range_data(current_hot_inode, root);
+		inode_num = current_hot_inode->i_ino;
+		hot_rb_free_hot_inode_item(current_hot_inode);
+		current_hot_inode = hot_rb_find_next_hot_inode(root,
+							inode_num + 1);
+	}
+}
+
+/* Determine if there is hot data tracking to be enabled */
+static bool hot_hash_global_hot_track(void)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	bool ret = false;
+
+	spin_lock(&sb_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
+		if (hlist_unhashed(&sb->s_instances))
+			continue;
+		if (sb->s_hotinfo.mount_opt & HOT_MOUNT_HOT_TRACK)
+			ret = true;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * kthread iterates each hot_inode_item and hot_range_item
+ * and update temperatures to be shifted in heat hash table
+ * for purposes of relocation and such hot file detection
+ */
+static int hot_hash_temperature_update_kthread(void *arg)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	struct hot_info *root;
+	unsigned long delay;
+
+	do {
+		spin_lock(&sb_lock);
+		list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
+			if (hlist_unhashed(&sb->s_instances))
+				continue;
+			delay = HZ * HEAT_UPDATE_DELAY;
+			root = &sb->s_hotinfo;
+			if (mutex_trylock(
+				&root->hot_data_update_kthread_mutex)) {
+				hot_hash_temperature_update_iterator(root);
+				mutex_unlock(
+					&root->hot_data_update_kthread_mutex);
+			}
+			if (unlikely(freezing(current))) {
+				__refrigerator(true);
+			} else {
+				set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+				if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
+					spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+					schedule_timeout(delay);
+					spin_lock(&sb_lock);
+				}
+				__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+	} while (!kthread_should_stop() || !hot_hash_global_hot_track());
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Regular mount options parser for -hottrack option.
  * return false if no -hottrack is specified;
@@ -625,6 +1054,30 @@  void __init hot_track_cache_init(void)
 }
 
 /*
+ * Fork and initialize kthread for each new mount point that
+ * periodically goes through hot inodes and hot ranges and ages them
+ * based on frequency of access
+ */
+static void hot_track_fork_temperature_update_kthread(void)
+{
+	if (hot_track_temperature_update_kthread)
+		return;
+
+	hot_track_temperature_update_kthread =
+		kthread_run(hot_hash_temperature_update_kthread, NULL,
+					"hot_temperature_update_kthread");
+	if (IS_ERR(hot_track_temperature_update_kthread))
+		kthread_stop(hot_track_temperature_update_kthread);
+}
+
+/* Stop the kthread to do temperature updates for all filesystems */
+static void hot_track_stop_temperature_update_kthread(void)
+{
+	if (hot_track_temperature_update_kthread)
+		kthread_stop(hot_track_temperature_update_kthread);
+}
+
+/*
  * Initialize the data structures for hot data tracking.
  */
 void hot_track_init(struct super_block *sb, const char *name)
@@ -632,11 +1085,13 @@  void hot_track_init(struct super_block *sb, const char *name)
 	sb->s_hotinfo.mount_opt |= HOT_MOUNT_HOT_TRACK;
 	hot_rb_inode_tree_init(&sb->s_hotinfo.hot_inode_tree);
 	hot_hash_table_init(&sb->s_hotinfo);
+	hot_track_fork_temperature_update_kthread();
 }
 
 void hot_track_exit(struct super_block *sb)
 {
 	sb->s_hotinfo.mount_opt &= ~HOT_MOUNT_HOT_TRACK;
+	hot_track_stop_temperature_update_kthread();
 	hot_hash_table_free(&sb->s_hotinfo);
 	hot_rb_inode_tree_free(&sb->s_hotinfo);
 }
diff --git a/fs/hot_tracking.h b/fs/hot_tracking.h
index 3a8d398..1b6c694 100644
--- a/fs/hot_tracking.h
+++ b/fs/hot_tracking.h
@@ -27,6 +27,76 @@ 
 
 #define FREQ_POWER 4
 
+/*
+ * time to quit keeping track of
+ * tracking data (seconds)
+ */
+#define TIME_TO_KICK 400
+
+/* set how often to update temperatures (seconds) */
+#define HEAT_UPDATE_DELAY 400
+
+/*
+ * The following comments explain what exactly comprises a unit of heat.
+ *
+ * Each of six values of heat are calculated and combined in order to form an
+ * overall temperature for the data:
+ *
+ * NRR - number of reads since mount
+ * NRW - number of writes since mount
+ * LTR - time elapsed since last read (ns)
+ * LTW - time elapsed since last write (ns)
+ * AVR - average delta between recent reads (ns)
+ * AVW - average delta between recent writes (ns)
+ *
+ * These values are divided (right-shifted) according to the *_DIVIDER_POWER
+ * values defined below to bring the numbers into a reasonable range. You can
+ * modify these values to fit your needs. However, each heat unit is a u32 and
+ * thus maxes out at 2^32 - 1. Therefore, you must choose your dividers quite
+ * carefully or else they could max out or be stuck at zero quite easily.
+ *
+ * (E.g., if you chose AVR_DIVIDER_POWER = 0, nothing less than 4s of atime
+ * delta would bring the temperature above zero, ever.)
+ *
+ * Finally, each value is added to the overall temperature between 0 and 8
+ * times, depending on its *_COEFF_POWER value. Note that the coefficients are
+ * also actually implemented with shifts, so take care to treat these values
+ * as powers of 2. (I.e., 0 means we'll add it to the temp once; 1 = 2x, etc.)
+ */
+
+/* NRR/NRW heat unit = 2^X accesses */
+#define NRR_MULTIPLIER_POWER 20
+#define NRR_COEFF_POWER 0
+#define NRW_MULTIPLIER_POWER 20
+#define NRW_COEFF_POWER 0
+
+/* LTR/LTW heat unit = 2^X ns of age */
+#define LTR_DIVIDER_POWER 30
+#define LTR_COEFF_POWER 1
+#define LTW_DIVIDER_POWER 30
+#define LTW_COEFF_POWER 1
+
+/*
+ * AVR/AVW cold unit = 2^X ns of average delta
+ * AVR/AVW heat unit = HEAT_MAX_VALUE - cold unit
+ *
+ * E.g., data with an average delta between 0 and 2^X ns
+ * will have a cold value of 0, which means a heat value
+ * equal to HEAT_MAX_VALUE.
+ */
+#define AVR_DIVIDER_POWER 40
+#define AVR_COEFF_POWER 0
+#define AVW_DIVIDER_POWER 40
+#define AVW_COEFF_POWER 0
+
+/* macros to wrap container_of()'s for hot data structs */
+#define hot_freq_data_get_he(x) \
+        ((struct hot_inode_item *) container_of(x, \
+        struct hot_inode_item, hot_freq_data))
+#define hot_freq_data_get_hr(x) \
+        ((struct hot_range_item *) container_of(x, \
+        struct hot_range_item, hot_freq_data))
+
 struct hot_info;
 struct inode;
 
@@ -37,6 +107,14 @@  void hot_rb_free_hot_inode_item(struct hot_inode_item *he);
 void hot_rb_update_freqs(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 len,
 			int rw);
 
+/*
+ * Returns a value from 0 to HEAT_MAX_VALUE
+ * indicating the temperature of the
+ * file (and consequently its bucket number
+ * in hash list) (see hot_hash.c)
+ */
+int hot_hash_calc_temperature(struct hot_freq_data *freq_data);
+
 bool hot_track_parse_options(char *options);
 void __init hot_track_cache_init(void);
 void hot_track_init(struct super_block *sb, const char *name);
diff --git a/include/linux/hot_tracking.h b/include/linux/hot_tracking.h
index bc41f94..1ec90a6 100644
--- a/include/linux/hot_tracking.h
+++ b/include/linux/hot_tracking.h
@@ -141,6 +141,9 @@  struct hot_info {
 
 	/* hash map of range temperature */
 	struct hot_hash_head heat_range_hl[HEAT_HASH_SIZE];
+
+	/* protects hot data items while being iterated and updated */
+	struct mutex hot_data_update_kthread_mutex;
 };
 
 extern void hot_rb_update_freqs(struct inode *inode,