diff --git a/builtin/ls-files.c b/builtin/ls-files.c
index f6f9e483b27..a4458622813 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-files.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -420,6 +421,96 @@ static int get_common_prefix_len(const char *common_prefix)
 	return common_prefix_len;
 }
 
+static int read_one_entry_opt(struct index_state *istate,
+			      const struct object_id *oid,
+			      const char *base, int baselen,
+			      const char *pathname,
+			      unsigned mode, int stage, int opt)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+
+	len = strlen(pathname);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, baselen + len);
+
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = baselen + len;
+	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
+	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
+	return add_index_entry(istate, ce, opt);
+}
+
+static int read_one_entry(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
+			  const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
+			  void *context)
+{
+	struct index_state *istate = context;
+	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
+				  mode, stage,
+				  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is used when the caller knows there is no existing entries at
+ * the stage that will conflict with the entry being added.
+ */
+static int read_one_entry_quick(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
+				const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
+				void *context)
+{
+	struct index_state *istate = context;
+	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
+				  mode, stage,
+				  ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND);
+}
+
+
+static int read_tree(struct repository *r, struct tree *tree, int stage,
+		     struct pathspec *match, struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	read_tree_fn_t fn = NULL;
+	int i, err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently the only existing callers of this function all
+	 * call it with stage=1 and after making sure there is nothing
+	 * at that stage; we could always use read_one_entry_quick().
+	 *
+	 * But when we decide to straighten out git-read-tree not to
+	 * use unpack_trees() in some cases, this will probably start
+	 * to matter.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * See if we have cache entry at the stage.  If so,
+	 * do it the original slow way, otherwise, append and then
+	 * sort at the end.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; !fn && i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (ce_stage(ce) == stage)
+			fn = read_one_entry;
+	}
+
+	if (!fn)
+		fn = read_one_entry_quick;
+	err = read_tree_recursive(r, tree, "", 0, stage, match, fn, istate);
+	if (fn == read_one_entry || err)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sort the cache entry -- we need to nuke the cache tree, though.
+	 */
+	cache_tree_free(&istate->cache_tree);
+	QSORT(istate->cache, istate->cache_nr, cmp_cache_name_compare);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Read the tree specified with --with-tree option
  * (typically, HEAD) into stage #1 and then
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index a52479812ce..a6c12f2745a 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -11,54 +11,6 @@
 
 const char *tree_type = "tree";
 
-static int read_one_entry_opt(struct index_state *istate,
-			      const struct object_id *oid,
-			      const char *base, int baselen,
-			      const char *pathname,
-			      unsigned mode, int stage, int opt)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
-		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
-
-	len = strlen(pathname);
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, baselen + len);
-
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
-	ce->ce_namelen = baselen + len;
-	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
-	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
-	return add_index_entry(istate, ce, opt);
-}
-
-static int read_one_entry(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
-			  const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
-			  void *context)
-{
-	struct index_state *istate = context;
-	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
-				  mode, stage,
-				  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
-}
-
-/*
- * This is used when the caller knows there is no existing entries at
- * the stage that will conflict with the entry being added.
- */
-static int read_one_entry_quick(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
-				const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
-				void *context)
-{
-	struct index_state *istate = context;
-	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
-				  mode, stage,
-				  ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND);
-}
-
 static int read_tree_1(struct repository *r,
 		       struct tree *tree, struct strbuf *base,
 		       int stage, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
@@ -154,47 +106,6 @@ int cmp_cache_name_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 				  ce2->name, ce2->ce_namelen, ce_stage(ce2));
 }
 
-int read_tree(struct repository *r, struct tree *tree, int stage,
-	      struct pathspec *match, struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	read_tree_fn_t fn = NULL;
-	int i, err;
-
-	/*
-	 * Currently the only existing callers of this function all
-	 * call it with stage=1 and after making sure there is nothing
-	 * at that stage; we could always use read_one_entry_quick().
-	 *
-	 * But when we decide to straighten out git-read-tree not to
-	 * use unpack_trees() in some cases, this will probably start
-	 * to matter.
-	 */
-
-	/*
-	 * See if we have cache entry at the stage.  If so,
-	 * do it the original slow way, otherwise, append and then
-	 * sort at the end.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; !fn && i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce) == stage)
-			fn = read_one_entry;
-	}
-
-	if (!fn)
-		fn = read_one_entry_quick;
-	err = read_tree_recursive(r, tree, "", 0, stage, match, fn, istate);
-	if (fn == read_one_entry || err)
-		return err;
-
-	/*
-	 * Sort the cache entry -- we need to nuke the cache tree, though.
-	 */
-	cache_tree_free(&istate->cache_tree);
-	QSORT(istate->cache, istate->cache_nr, cmp_cache_name_compare);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 struct tree *lookup_tree(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(r, oid);
diff --git a/tree.h b/tree.h
index 3eb0484cbf2..6b0b1dc211a 100644
--- a/tree.h
+++ b/tree.h
@@ -38,9 +38,4 @@ int read_tree_recursive(struct repository *r,
 			const char *base, int baselen,
 			int stage, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			read_tree_fn_t fn, void *context);
-
-int read_tree(struct repository *r, struct tree *tree,
-	      int stage, struct pathspec *pathspec,
-	      struct index_state *istate);
-
 #endif /* TREE_H */
