diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio.c
index 26663dfa19e70d..a140ce3b15196d 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio.c
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio.c
@@ -68,9 +68,6 @@ struct vfio_unbound_dev {
 	struct list_head		unbound_next;
 };
 
-#define VFIO_MEDIATED	(1 << 0)
-#define VFIO_NOIOMMU	(1 << 1)
-
 struct vfio_group {
 	struct kref			kref;
 	int				minor;
@@ -198,7 +195,7 @@ static long vfio_noiommu_ioctl(void *iommu_data,
 }
 
 static int vfio_noiommu_attach_group(void *iommu_data,
-				     struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
+		struct iommu_group *iommu_group, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1100,7 +1097,8 @@ static int __vfio_container_attach_groups(struct vfio_container *container,
 	int ret = -ENODEV;
 
 	list_for_each_entry(group, &container->group_list, container_next) {
-		ret = driver->ops->attach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
+		ret = driver->ops->attach_group(data, group->iommu_group,
+						group->flags);
 		if (ret)
 			goto unwind;
 	}
@@ -1358,7 +1356,8 @@ static int vfio_group_set_container(struct vfio_group *group, int container_fd)
 	driver = container->iommu_driver;
 	if (driver) {
 		ret = driver->ops->attach_group(container->iommu_data,
-						group->iommu_group);
+						group->iommu_group,
+						group->flags);
 		if (ret)
 			goto unlock_out;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio.h b/drivers/vfio/vfio.h
index a78de649eb2f16..0c1a88fa991545 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio.h
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio.h
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ enum vfio_iommu_notify_type {
 	VFIO_IOMMU_CONTAINER_CLOSE = 0,
 };
 
+/* flags for group->flags and ->attach_group */
+#define VFIO_MEDIATED	(1 << 0)
+#define VFIO_NOIOMMU	(1 << 1)
+
 /**
  * struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops - VFIO IOMMU driver callbacks
  */
@@ -20,7 +24,8 @@ struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops {
 	long		(*ioctl)(void *iommu_data, unsigned int cmd,
 				 unsigned long arg);
 	int		(*attach_group)(void *iommu_data,
-					struct iommu_group *group);
+					struct iommu_group *group,
+					unsigned int flags);
 	void		(*detach_group)(void *iommu_data,
 					struct iommu_group *group);
 	int		(*pin_pages)(void *iommu_data,
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c
index 3efd09faeca4a8..7567328d347d25 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c
@@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@ static long tce_iommu_take_ownership_ddw(struct tce_container *container,
 }
 
 static int tce_iommu_attach_group(void *iommu_data,
-		struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
+		struct iommu_group *iommu_group, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct tce_container *container = iommu_data;
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
index 39e2706d0b3f34..44a3abdca580a0 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/vfio.h>
 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
-#include <linux/mdev.h>
 #include <linux/notifier.h>
 #include <linux/dma-iommu.h>
 #include <linux/irqdomain.h>
@@ -1934,20 +1933,6 @@ static bool vfio_iommu_has_sw_msi(struct list_head *group_resv_regions,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static bool vfio_bus_is_mdev(struct bus_type *bus)
-{
-	struct bus_type *mdev_bus;
-	bool ret = false;
-
-	mdev_bus = symbol_get(mdev_bus_type);
-	if (mdev_bus) {
-		ret = (bus == mdev_bus);
-		symbol_put(mdev_bus_type);
-	}
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
 /*
  * This is a helper function to insert an address range to iova list.
  * The list is initially created with a single entry corresponding to
@@ -2172,7 +2157,7 @@ static void vfio_iommu_iova_insert_copy(struct vfio_iommu *iommu,
 }
 
 static int vfio_iommu_type1_attach_group(void *iommu_data,
-					 struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
+		struct iommu_group *iommu_group, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	struct vfio_iommu *iommu = iommu_data;
 	struct vfio_iommu_group *group;
@@ -2207,7 +2192,7 @@ static int vfio_iommu_type1_attach_group(void *iommu_data,
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_free;
 
-	if (vfio_bus_is_mdev(bus)) {
+	if (flags & VFIO_MEDIATED) {
 		if (!iommu->external_domain) {
 			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&domain->group_list);
 			iommu->external_domain = domain;
