From patchwork Mon Jan 18 11:06:51 2016 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Willy Tarreau X-Patchwork-Id: 8054251 Return-Path: X-Original-To: patchwork-linux-fsdevel@patchwork.kernel.org Delivered-To: patchwork-parsemail@patchwork1.web.kernel.org Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.136]) by patchwork1.web.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B61EC9F8AA for ; Mon, 18 Jan 2016 11:07:13 +0000 (UTC) Received: from mail.kernel.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7156E203B1 for ; Mon, 18 Jan 2016 11:07:12 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CE1A6203AE for ; Mon, 18 Jan 2016 11:07:10 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1754482AbcARLHJ (ORCPT ); Mon, 18 Jan 2016 06:07:09 -0500 Received: from wtarreau.pck.nerim.net ([62.212.114.60]:14477 "EHLO 1wt.eu" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1754273AbcARLHI (ORCPT ); Mon, 18 Jan 2016 06:07:08 -0500 Received: (from willy@localhost) by pcw.home.local (8.14.3/8.14.3/Submit) id u0IB6vK7024300; Mon, 18 Jan 2016 12:06:57 +0100 From: Willy Tarreau To: Alexander Viro , Linus Torvalds Cc: socketpair@gmail.com, Tetsuo Handa , linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Willy Tarreau Subject: [PATCH v3] pipe: limit the per-user amount of pages allocated in pipes Date: Mon, 18 Jan 2016 12:06:51 +0100 Message-Id: <1453115211-24270-1-git-send-email-w@1wt.eu> X-Mailer: git-send-email 1.7.12.2.21.g234cd45.dirty Sender: linux-fsdevel-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org X-Spam-Status: No, score=-6.9 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_HI, RP_MATCHES_RCVD, UNPARSEABLE_RELAY autolearn=ham version=3.3.1 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.3.1 (2010-03-16) on mail.kernel.org X-Virus-Scanned: ClamAV using ClamSMTP On no-so-small systems, it is possible for a single process to cause an OOM condition by filling large pipes with data that are never read. A typical process filling 4000 pipes with 1 MB of data will use 4 GB of memory. On small systems it may be tricky to set the pipe max size to prevent this from happening. This patch makes it possible to enforce a per-user soft limit above which new pipes will be limited to a single page, effectively limiting them to 4 kB each, as well as a hard limit above which no new pipes may be created for this user. This has the effect of protecting the system against memory abuse without hurting other users, and still allowing pipes to work correctly though with less data at once. The limit are controlled by two new sysctls : pipe-user-pages-soft, and pipe-user-pages-hard. Both may be disabled by setting them to zero. The default soft limit allows the default number of FDs per process (1024) to create pipes of the default size (64kB), thus reaching a limit of 64MB before starting to create only smaller pipes. With 256 processes limited to 1024 FDs each, this results in 1024*64kB + (256*1024 - 1024) * 4kB = 1084 MB of memory allocated for a user. The hard limit is disabled by default to avoid breaking existing applications that make intensive use of pipes (eg: for splicing). Reported-by: socketpair@gmail.com Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa Mitigates: CVE-2013-4312 (Linux 2.0+) Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau --- This one cleans up the capable() test as suggested by Tetsuo Handa, and includes the hard-limit control as well in order to properly protect the system against large numbers of processes, which shows a clear improvement in tests. Linus I think this one is ready for merging, I don't know if you want to pick it yourself or let it flow via Al. Either way is fine to me. v3: - changed the test so that capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) is only made if necessary - renamed the sysctl pipe-user-pages-soft - added a new sysctl to enforce a hard limit v2: - added && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) - removed EXPORT_SYMBOL(user_max_pipe_pages) - added reported-by + mitigates, explain better example. --- Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++ fs/pipe.c | 47 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h | 3 +++ include/linux/sched.h | 1 + kernel/sysctl.c | 14 ++++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt index 88152f2..302b5ed 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt @@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/fs: - nr_open - overflowuid - overflowgid +- pipe-user-pages-hard +- pipe-user-pages-soft - protected_hardlinks - protected_symlinks - suid_dumpable @@ -159,6 +161,27 @@ The default is 65534. ============================================================== +pipe-user-pages-hard: + +Maximum total number of pages a non-privileged user may allocate for pipes. +Once this limit is reached, no new pipes may be allocated until usage goes +below the limit again. When set to 0, no limit is applied, which is the default +setting. + +============================================================== + +pipe-user-pages-soft: + +Maximum total number of pages a non-privileged user may allocate for pipes +before the pipe size gets limited to a single page. Once this limit is reached, +new pipes will be limited to a single page in size for this user in order to +limit total memory usage, and trying to increase them using fcntl() will be +denied until usage goes below the limit again. The default value allows to +allocate up to 1024 pipes at their default size. When set to 0, no limit is +applied. + +============================================================== + protected_hardlinks: A long-standing class of security issues is the hardlink-based diff --git a/fs/pipe.c b/fs/pipe.c index 42cf8dd..ab8dad3 100644 --- a/fs/pipe.c +++ b/fs/pipe.c @@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ unsigned int pipe_max_size = 1048576; */ unsigned int pipe_min_size = PAGE_SIZE; +/* Maximum allocatable pages per user. Hard limit is unset by default, soft + * matches default values. + */ +unsigned long pipe_user_pages_hard; +unsigned long pipe_user_pages_soft = PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS * INR_OPEN_CUR; + /* * We use a start+len construction, which provides full use of the * allocated memory. @@ -583,20 +589,49 @@ pipe_fasync(int fd, struct file *filp, int on) return retval; } +static void account_pipe_buffers(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, + unsigned long old, unsigned long new) +{ + atomic_long_add(new - old, &pipe->user->pipe_bufs); +} + +static bool too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(struct user_struct *user) +{ + return pipe_user_pages_soft && + atomic_long_read(&user->pipe_bufs) >= pipe_user_pages_soft; +} + +static bool too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(struct user_struct *user) +{ + return pipe_user_pages_hard && + atomic_long_read(&user->pipe_bufs) >= pipe_user_pages_hard; +} + struct pipe_inode_info *alloc_pipe_info(void) { struct pipe_inode_info *pipe; pipe = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pipe_inode_info), GFP_KERNEL); if (pipe) { - pipe->bufs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pipe_buffer) * PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS, GFP_KERNEL); + unsigned long pipe_bufs = PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS; + struct user_struct *user = get_current_user(); + + if (!too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user)) { + if (too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user)) + pipe_bufs = 1; + pipe->bufs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pipe_buffer) * pipe_bufs, GFP_KERNEL); + } + if (pipe->bufs) { init_waitqueue_head(&pipe->wait); pipe->r_counter = pipe->w_counter = 1; - pipe->buffers = PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS; + pipe->buffers = pipe_bufs; + pipe->user = user; + account_pipe_buffers(pipe, 0, pipe_bufs); mutex_init(&pipe->mutex); return pipe; } + free_uid(user); kfree(pipe); } @@ -607,6 +642,8 @@ void free_pipe_info(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe) { int i; + account_pipe_buffers(pipe, pipe->buffers, 0); + free_uid(pipe->user); for (i = 0; i < pipe->buffers; i++) { struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe->bufs + i; if (buf->ops) @@ -998,6 +1035,7 @@ static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long nr_pages) memcpy(bufs + head, pipe->bufs, tail * sizeof(struct pipe_buffer)); } + account_pipe_buffers(pipe, pipe->buffers, nr_pages); pipe->curbuf = 0; kfree(pipe->bufs); pipe->bufs = bufs; @@ -1069,6 +1107,11 @@ long pipe_fcntl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg) if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) && size > pipe_max_size) { ret = -EPERM; goto out; + } else if ((too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(pipe->user) || + too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(pipe->user)) && + !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) { + ret = -EPERM; + goto out; } ret = pipe_set_size(pipe, nr_pages); break; diff --git a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h index eb8b8ac..7878980 100644 --- a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h +++ b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h @@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ struct pipe_inode_info { struct fasync_struct *fasync_readers; struct fasync_struct *fasync_writers; struct pipe_buffer *bufs; + struct user_struct *user; }; /* @@ -123,6 +124,8 @@ void pipe_unlock(struct pipe_inode_info *); void pipe_double_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct pipe_inode_info *); extern unsigned int pipe_max_size, pipe_min_size; +extern unsigned long pipe_user_pages_hard; +extern unsigned long pipe_user_pages_soft; int pipe_proc_fn(struct ctl_table *, int, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *); diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h index 21a6e96..1c0193b 100644 --- a/include/linux/sched.h +++ b/include/linux/sched.h @@ -831,6 +831,7 @@ struct user_struct { #endif unsigned long locked_shm; /* How many pages of mlocked shm ? */ unsigned long unix_inflight; /* How many files in flight in unix sockets */ + atomic_long_t pipe_bufs; /* how many pages are allocated in pipe buffers */ #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS struct key *uid_keyring; /* UID specific keyring */ diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index dc6858d..2781141 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -1735,6 +1735,20 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = { .proc_handler = &pipe_proc_fn, .extra1 = &pipe_min_size, }, + { + .procname = "pipe-user-pages-hard", + .data = &pipe_user_pages_hard, + .maxlen = sizeof(pipe_user_pages_hard), + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = proc_doulongvec_minmax, + }, + { + .procname = "pipe-user-pages-soft", + .data = &pipe_user_pages_soft, + .maxlen = sizeof(pipe_user_pages_soft), + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = proc_doulongvec_minmax, + }, { } };