From patchwork Tue Mar 28 23:46:45 2017 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: =?utf-8?q?Micka=C3=ABl_Sala=C3=BCn?= X-Patchwork-Id: 9650671 Return-Path: Received: from mail.wl.linuxfoundation.org (pdx-wl-mail.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.125]) by pdx-korg-patchwork.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8C6BE601D7 for ; Tue, 28 Mar 2017 23:49:22 +0000 (UTC) Received: from mail.wl.linuxfoundation.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mail.wl.linuxfoundation.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 80B1228421 for ; Tue, 28 Mar 2017 23:49:22 +0000 (UTC) Received: by mail.wl.linuxfoundation.org (Postfix, from userid 486) id 7444128452; Tue, 28 Mar 2017 23:49:22 +0000 (UTC) X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.3.1 (2010-03-16) on pdx-wl-mail.web.codeaurora.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.2 required=2.0 tests=BAYES_00, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED autolearn=ham version=3.3.1 Received: from mother.openwall.net (mother.openwall.net [195.42.179.200]) by mail.wl.linuxfoundation.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 3739528421 for ; Tue, 28 Mar 2017 23:49:20 +0000 (UTC) Received: (qmail 18266 invoked by uid 550); 28 Mar 2017 23:48:27 -0000 Mailing-List: contact kernel-hardening-help@lists.openwall.com; run by ezmlm Precedence: bulk List-Post: List-Help: List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe: List-ID: Delivered-To: mailing list kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com Received: (qmail 15952 invoked from network); 28 Mar 2017 23:48:04 -0000 From: =?UTF-8?q?Micka=C3=ABl=20Sala=C3=BCn?= To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: =?UTF-8?q?Micka=C3=ABl=20Sala=C3=BCn?= , Alexei Starovoitov , Andy Lutomirski , Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo , Casey Schaufler , Daniel Borkmann , David Drysdale , "David S . Miller" , "Eric W . Biederman" , James Morris , Jann Horn , Jonathan Corbet , Matthew Garrett , Michael Kerrisk , Kees Cook , Paul Moore , Sargun Dhillon , "Serge E . Hallyn" , Shuah Khan , Tejun Heo , Thomas Graf , Will Drewry , kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com, linux-api@vger.kernel.org, linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org, netdev@vger.kernel.org, Andrew Morton Date: Wed, 29 Mar 2017 01:46:45 +0200 Message-Id: <20170328234650.19695-7-mic@digikod.net> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.11.0 In-Reply-To: <20170328234650.19695-1-mic@digikod.net> References: <20170328234650.19695-1-mic@digikod.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Antivirus: Dr.Web (R) for Unix mail servers drweb plugin ver.6.0.2.8 X-Antivirus-Code: 0x100000 Subject: [kernel-hardening] [PATCH net-next v6 06/11] seccomp, landlock: Handle Landlock events per process hierarchy X-Virus-Scanned: ClamAV using ClamSMTP The seccomp(2) syscall can be used by a task to apply a Landlock rule to itself. As a seccomp filter, a Landlock rule is enforced for the current task and all its future children. A rule is immutable and a task can only add new restricting rules to itself, forming a chain of rules. A Landlock rule is tied to a Landlock event. If the use of a kernel object is allowed by the other Linux security mechanisms (e.g. DAC, capabilities, other LSM), then a Landlock event related to this kind of object is triggered. The chain of rules for this event is then evaluated. Each rule return a 32-bit value which can deny the use of a kernel object with a non-zero value. If every rules of the chain return zero, then the use of the object is allowed. Changes since v5: * remove struct landlock_node and use a similar inheritance mechanisme as seccomp-bpf (requested by Andy Lutomirski) * rename SECCOMP_ADD_LANDLOCK_RULE to SECCOMP_APPEND_LANDLOCK_RULE * rename file manager.c to providers.c * add comments * typo and cosmetic fixes Changes since v4: * merge manager and seccomp patches * return -EFAULT in seccomp(2) when user_bpf_fd is null to easely check if Landlock is supported * only allow a process with the global CAP_SYS_ADMIN to use Landlock (will be lifted in the future) * add an early check to exit as soon as possible if the current process does not have Landlock rules Changes since v3: * remove the hard link with seccomp (suggested by Andy Lutomirski and Kees Cook): * remove the cookie which could imply multiple evaluation of Landlock rules * remove the origin field in struct landlock_data * remove documentation fix (merged upstream) * rename the new seccomp command to SECCOMP_ADD_LANDLOCK_RULE * internal renaming * split commit * new design to be able to inherit on the fly the parent rules Changes since v2: * Landlock programs can now be run without seccomp filter but for any syscall (from the process) or interruption * move Landlock related functions and structs into security/landlock/* (to manage cgroups as well) * fix seccomp filter handling: run Landlock programs for each of their legitimate seccomp filter * properly clean up all seccomp results * cosmetic changes to ease the understanding * fix some ifdef Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: James Morris Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Serge E. Hallyn Cc: Will Drewry Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/c10a503d-5e35-7785-2f3d-25ed8dd63fab@digikod.net --- include/linux/landlock.h | 36 +++++++ include/linux/seccomp.h | 8 ++ include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h | 1 + kernel/fork.c | 14 ++- kernel/seccomp.c | 8 ++ security/landlock/Makefile | 2 +- security/landlock/hooks.c | 37 +++++++ security/landlock/hooks.h | 5 + security/landlock/init.c | 3 +- security/landlock/providers.c | 232 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 10 files changed, 342 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) create mode 100644 security/landlock/providers.c diff --git a/include/linux/landlock.h b/include/linux/landlock.h index 53013dc374fe..c40ee78e86e0 100644 --- a/include/linux/landlock.h +++ b/include/linux/landlock.h @@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ #define _LINUX_LANDLOCK_H #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK +#include /* _LANDLOCK_SUBTYPE_EVENT_LAST */ +#include /* atomic_t */ + /* * This is not intended for the UAPI headers. Each userland software should use * a static minimal version for the required features as explained in the @@ -19,5 +22,38 @@ */ #define LANDLOCK_VERSION 1 +struct landlock_rule { + atomic_t usage; + struct landlock_rule *prev; + struct bpf_prog *prog; +}; + +/** + * struct landlock_events - Landlock event rules enforced on a thread + * + * This is used for low performance impact when forking a process. Instead of + * copying the full array and incrementing the usage of each entries, only + * create a pointer to &struct landlock_events and increments its usage. When + * appending a new rule, if &struct landlock_events is shared with other tasks, + * then duplicate it and append the rule to this new &struct landlock_events. + * + * @usage: reference count to manage the object lifetime. When a thread need to + * add Landlock rules and if @usage is greater than 1, then the thread + * must duplicate &struct landlock_events to not change the children's + * rules as well. + * @rules: array of non-NULL &struct landlock_rule pointers + */ +struct landlock_events { + atomic_t usage; + struct landlock_rule *rules[_LANDLOCK_SUBTYPE_EVENT_LAST]; +}; + +void put_landlock_events(struct landlock_events *events); + +#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER +int landlock_seccomp_append_prog(unsigned int flags, + const char __user *user_bpf_fd); +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER */ + #endif /* CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ #endif /* _LINUX_LANDLOCK_H */ diff --git a/include/linux/seccomp.h b/include/linux/seccomp.h index e25aee2cdfc0..9a38de3c0e72 100644 --- a/include/linux/seccomp.h +++ b/include/linux/seccomp.h @@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ #include #include +#if defined(CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER) && defined(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) +struct landlock_events; +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER && CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ + struct seccomp_filter; /** * struct seccomp - the state of a seccomp'ed process @@ -18,6 +22,7 @@ struct seccomp_filter; * system calls available to a process. * @filter: must always point to a valid seccomp-filter or NULL as it is * accessed without locking during system call entry. + * @landlock_events: contains an array of Landlock rules. * * @filter must only be accessed from the context of current as there * is no read locking. @@ -25,6 +30,9 @@ struct seccomp_filter; struct seccomp { int mode; struct seccomp_filter *filter; +#if defined(CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER) && defined(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) + struct landlock_events *landlock_events; +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER && CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ }; #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h b/include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h index 0f238a43ff1e..74891cf60ca6 100644 --- a/include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h +++ b/include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ /* Valid operations for seccomp syscall. */ #define SECCOMP_SET_MODE_STRICT 0 #define SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER 1 +#define SECCOMP_APPEND_LANDLOCK_RULE 2 /* Valid flags for SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER */ #define SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_TSYNC 1 diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c index a27d8e67ce33..14c09486c565 100644 --- a/kernel/fork.c +++ b/kernel/fork.c @@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -528,7 +529,10 @@ static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig, int node) * the usage counts on the error path calling free_task. */ tsk->seccomp.filter = NULL; -#endif +#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK + tsk->seccomp.landlock_events = NULL; +#endif /* CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP */ setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig); clear_user_return_notifier(tsk); @@ -1405,7 +1409,13 @@ static void copy_seccomp(struct task_struct *p) /* Ref-count the new filter user, and assign it. */ get_seccomp_filter(current); - p->seccomp = current->seccomp; + p->seccomp.mode = current->seccomp.mode; + p->seccomp.filter = current->seccomp.filter; +#if defined(CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER) && defined(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) + p->seccomp.landlock_events = current->seccomp.landlock_events; + if (p->seccomp.landlock_events) + atomic_inc(&p->seccomp.landlock_events->usage); +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER && CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ /* * Explicitly enable no_new_privs here in case it got set diff --git a/kernel/seccomp.c b/kernel/seccomp.c index 326f79e32127..d122829e6da1 100644 --- a/kernel/seccomp.c +++ b/kernel/seccomp.c @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include /** * struct seccomp_filter - container for seccomp BPF programs @@ -494,6 +495,9 @@ static void put_seccomp_filter(struct seccomp_filter *filter) void put_seccomp(struct task_struct *tsk) { put_seccomp_filter(tsk->seccomp.filter); +#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK + put_landlock_events(tsk->seccomp.landlock_events); +#endif /* CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ } static void seccomp_init_siginfo(siginfo_t *info, int syscall, int reason) @@ -813,6 +817,10 @@ static long do_seccomp(unsigned int op, unsigned int flags, return seccomp_set_mode_strict(); case SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER: return seccomp_set_mode_filter(flags, uargs); +#if defined(CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER) && defined(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) + case SECCOMP_APPEND_LANDLOCK_RULE: + return landlock_seccomp_append_prog(flags, uargs); +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER && CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK */ default: return -EINVAL; } diff --git a/security/landlock/Makefile b/security/landlock/Makefile index c0db504a6335..da8ba8b5183e 100644 --- a/security/landlock/Makefile +++ b/security/landlock/Makefile @@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ ccflags-$(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) += -Werror=unused-function obj-$(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) := landlock.o -landlock-y := init.o hooks.o hooks_fs.o +landlock-y := init.o providers.o hooks.o hooks_fs.o diff --git a/security/landlock/hooks.c b/security/landlock/hooks.c index eaee8162ff70..4fa7d0b38d41 100644 --- a/security/landlock/hooks.c +++ b/security/landlock/hooks.c @@ -95,6 +95,38 @@ bool landlock_is_valid_access(int off, int size, enum bpf_access_type type, return true; } +/** + * landlock_event_deny - run Landlock rules tied to an event + * + * @event_idx: event index in the rules array + * @ctx: non-NULL eBPF context + * @events: Landlock events pointer + * + * Return true if at least one rule deny the event. + */ +static bool landlock_event_deny(u32 event_idx, const struct landlock_context *ctx, + struct landlock_events *events) +{ + struct landlock_rule *rule; + + if (!events) + return false; + + for (rule = events->rules[event_idx]; rule; rule = rule->prev) { + u32 ret; + + if (WARN_ON(!rule->prog)) + continue; + rcu_read_lock(); + ret = BPF_PROG_RUN(rule->prog, (void *)ctx); + rcu_read_unlock(); + /* deny access if a program returns a value different than 0 */ + if (ret) + return true; + } + return false; +} + int landlock_decide(enum landlock_subtype_event event, __u64 ctx_values[CTX_ARG_NB], u32 cmd, const char *hook) { @@ -111,5 +143,10 @@ int landlock_decide(enum landlock_subtype_event event, .arg2 = ctx_values[1], }; +#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER + deny = landlock_event_deny(event_idx, &ctx, + current->seccomp.landlock_events); +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER */ + return deny ? -EPERM : 0; } diff --git a/security/landlock/hooks.h b/security/landlock/hooks.h index 2e180f6ed86b..dd0486a4c284 100644 --- a/security/landlock/hooks.h +++ b/security/landlock/hooks.h @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include /* enum bpf_access_type */ #include #include /* struct task_struct */ +#include /* separators */ #define SEP_COMMA() , @@ -163,7 +164,11 @@ WRAP_TYPE_RAW_C; static inline bool landlocked(const struct task_struct *task) { +#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER + return !!(task->seccomp.landlock_events); +#else return false; +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER */ } __init void landlock_register_hooks(struct security_hook_list *hooks, int count); diff --git a/security/landlock/init.c b/security/landlock/init.c index 1c2750e12dfa..ef8a3da69860 100644 --- a/security/landlock/init.c +++ b/security/landlock/init.c @@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ static struct bpf_prog_type_list bpf_landlock_type __ro_after_init = { void __init landlock_add_hooks(void) { - pr_info("landlock: Version %u", LANDLOCK_VERSION); + pr_info("landlock: Version %u, ready to sandbox with %s\n", + LANDLOCK_VERSION, "seccomp"); landlock_add_hooks_fs(); security_add_hooks(NULL, 0, "landlock"); bpf_register_prog_type(&bpf_landlock_type); diff --git a/security/landlock/providers.c b/security/landlock/providers.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..6d867a39c947 --- /dev/null +++ b/security/landlock/providers.c @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +/* + * Landlock LSM - seccomp provider + * + * Copyright © 2017 Mickaël Salaün + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, as + * published by the Free Software Foundation. + */ + +#include /* PAGE_SIZE */ +#include /* atomic_*(), smp_store_release() */ +#include /* bpf_prog_put() */ +#include /* struct bpf_prog */ +#include /* round_up() */ +#include +#include /* current_cred(), task_no_new_privs() */ +#include /* security_capable_noaudit() */ +#include /* alloc(), kfree() */ +#include /* atomic_t */ +#include /* copy_from_user() */ + +#include "common.h" + +static void put_landlock_rule(struct landlock_rule *rule) +{ + struct landlock_rule *orig = rule; + + /* clean up single-reference branches iteratively */ + while (orig && atomic_dec_and_test(&orig->usage)) { + struct landlock_rule *freeme = orig; + + bpf_prog_put(orig->prog); + orig = orig->prev; + kfree(freeme); + } +} + +void put_landlock_events(struct landlock_events *events) +{ + if (events && atomic_dec_and_test(&events->usage)) { + size_t i; + + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(events->rules); i++) + /* XXX: Do we need to use lockless_dereference() here? */ + put_landlock_rule(events->rules[i]); + kfree(events); + } +} + +static struct landlock_events *new_landlock_events(void) +{ + struct landlock_events *ret; + + /* array filled with NULL values */ + ret = kzalloc(sizeof(*ret), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!ret) + return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); + atomic_set(&ret->usage, 1); + return ret; +} + +static void add_landlock_rule(struct landlock_events *events, + struct landlock_rule *rule) +{ + /* subtype.landlock_rule.event > 0 for loaded programs */ + u32 event_idx = get_index(rule->prog->subtype.landlock_rule.event); + + rule->prev = events->rules[event_idx]; + WARN_ON(atomic_read(&rule->usage)); + atomic_set(&rule->usage, 1); + /* do not increment the previous rule usage */ + smp_store_release(&events->rules[event_idx], rule); +} + +/* limit Landlock events to 256KB */ +#define LANDLOCK_EVENTS_MAX_PAGES (1 << 6) + +/** + * landlock_append_prog - attach a Landlock rule to @current_events + * + * @current_events: landlock_events pointer, must be locked (if needed) to + * prevent a concurrent put/free. This pointer must not be + * freed after the call. + * @prog: non-NULL Landlock rule to append to @current_events. @prog will be + * owned by landlock_append_prog() and freed if an error happened. + * + * Return @current_events or a new pointer when OK. Return a pointer error + * otherwise. + */ +static struct landlock_events *landlock_append_prog( + struct landlock_events *current_events, struct bpf_prog *prog) +{ + struct landlock_events *new_events = current_events; + unsigned long pages; + struct landlock_rule *rule; + u32 event_idx; + + if (prog->type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_LANDLOCK) { + new_events = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); + goto put_prog; + } + + /* validate memory size allocation */ + pages = prog->pages; + if (current_events) { + size_t i; + + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(current_events->rules); i++) { + struct landlock_rule *walker_r; + + for (walker_r = current_events->rules[i]; walker_r; + walker_r = walker_r->prev) + pages += walker_r->prog->pages; + } + /* count a struct landlock_events if we need to allocate one */ + if (atomic_read(¤t_events->usage) != 1) + pages += round_up(sizeof(*current_events), PAGE_SIZE) / + PAGE_SIZE; + } + if (pages > LANDLOCK_EVENTS_MAX_PAGES) { + new_events = ERR_PTR(-E2BIG); + goto put_prog; + } + + rule = kzalloc(sizeof(*rule), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!rule) { + new_events = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); + goto put_prog; + } + rule->prog = prog; + + /* subtype.landlock_rule.event > 0 for loaded programs */ + event_idx = get_index(rule->prog->subtype.landlock_rule.event); + + if (!new_events) { + /* + * If there is no Landlock events used by the current task, + * then create a new one. + */ + new_events = new_landlock_events(); + if (IS_ERR(new_events)) + goto put_rule; + } else if (atomic_read(¤t_events->usage) > 1) { + /* + * If the current task is not the sole user of its Landlock + * events, then duplicate them. + */ + size_t i; + + new_events = new_landlock_events(); + if (IS_ERR(new_events)) + goto put_rule; + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(new_events->rules); i++) { + new_events->rules[i] = + lockless_dereference(current_events->rules[i]); + if (new_events->rules[i]) + atomic_inc(&new_events->rules[i]->usage); + } + + /* + * Landlock events from the current task will not be freed here + * because the usage is strictly greater than 1. It is only + * prevented to be freed by another subject thanks to the + * caller of landlock_append_prog() which should be locked if + * needed. + */ + put_landlock_events(current_events); + } + add_landlock_rule(new_events, rule); + return new_events; + +put_prog: + bpf_prog_put(prog); + return new_events; + +put_rule: + put_landlock_rule(rule); + return new_events; +} + +/** + * landlock_seccomp_append_prog - attach a Landlock rule to the current process + * + * current->seccomp.landlock_events is lazily allocated. When a process fork, + * only a pointer is copied. When a new event is added by a process, if there + * is other references to this process' landlock_events, then a new allocation + * is made to contain an array pointing to Landlock rule lists. This design + * enable low-performance impact and is memory efficient while keeping the + * property of append-only rules. + * + * @flags: not used for now, but could be used for TSYNC + * @user_bpf_fd: file descriptor pointing to a loaded Landlock rule + */ +#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER +int landlock_seccomp_append_prog(unsigned int flags, + const char __user *user_bpf_fd) +{ + struct landlock_events *new_events; + struct bpf_prog *prog; + int bpf_fd; + + /* force no_new_privs to limit privilege escalation */ + if (!task_no_new_privs(current)) + return -EPERM; + /* will be removed in the future to allow unprivileged tasks */ + if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) + return -EPERM; + /* enable to check if Landlock is supported with early EFAULT */ + if (!user_bpf_fd) + return -EFAULT; + if (flags) + return -EINVAL; + if (copy_from_user(&bpf_fd, user_bpf_fd, sizeof(bpf_fd))) + return -EFAULT; + prog = bpf_prog_get(bpf_fd); + if (IS_ERR(prog)) + return PTR_ERR(prog); + + /* + * We don't need to lock anything for the current process hierarchy, + * everything is guarded by the atomic counters. + */ + new_events = landlock_append_prog(current->seccomp.landlock_events, + prog); + /* @prog is managed/freed by landlock_append_prog() */ + if (IS_ERR(new_events)) + return PTR_ERR(new_events); + current->seccomp.landlock_events = new_events; + return 0; +} +#endif /* CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER */