diff mbox series

[v2] memfd_secret.2: New page describing memfd_secret() system call

Message ID 20201116210136.12390-1-alx.manpages@gmail.com (mailing list archive)
State New, archived
Headers show
Series [v2] memfd_secret.2: New page describing memfd_secret() system call | expand

Commit Message

Alejandro Colomar Nov. 16, 2020, 9:01 p.m. UTC 
From: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cowritten-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
---

Hi Mike,

I added that note about not having a wrapper,
fixed a few minor formatting and wording issues,
and sorted ERRORS alphabetically.

Cheers,

Alex

 man2/memfd_secret.2 | 178 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 178 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 man2/memfd_secret.2

Comments

Mike Rapoport Nov. 17, 2020, 6:26 a.m. UTC | #1 
On Mon, Nov 16, 2020 at 10:01:37PM +0100, Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> From: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
> 
> Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
> Cowritten-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
> Acked-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx.manpages@gmail.com>
> ---
> 
> Hi Mike,
> 
> I added that note about not having a wrapper,
> fixed a few minor formatting and wording issues,
> and sorted ERRORS alphabetically.

Thanks, Alejandro!

> Cheers,
> 
> Alex
> 
>  man2/memfd_secret.2 | 178 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  1 file changed, 178 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 man2/memfd_secret.2
> 
> diff --git a/man2/memfd_secret.2 b/man2/memfd_secret.2
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000..4e617aa0e
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/man2/memfd_secret.2
> @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
> +.\" Copyright (c) 2020, IBM Corporation.
> +.\" Written by Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
> +.\"
> +.\" Based on memfd_create(2) man page
> +.\" Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
> +.\" and Copyright (C) 2014 David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
> +.\"
> +.\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+)
> +.\"
> +.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
> +.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> +.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> +.\" (at your option) any later version.
> +.\"
> +.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> +.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> +.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
> +.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
> +.\"
> +.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
> +.\" License along with this manual; if not, see
> +.\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
> +.\" %%%LICENSE_END
> +.\"
> +.TH MEMFD_SECRET 2 2020-08-02 Linux "Linux Programmer's Manual"
> +.SH NAME
> +memfd_secret \- create an anonymous file to map secret memory regions
> +.SH SYNOPSIS
> +.nf
> +.B #include <linux/secretmem.h>
> +.PP
> +.BI "int memfd_secret(unsigned long " flags ");"
> +.fi
> +.PP
> +.IR Note :
> +There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
> +.SH DESCRIPTION
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +creates an anonymous file and returns a file descriptor that refers to it.
> +The file can only be memory-mapped;
> +the memory in such mapping
> +will have stronger protection than usual memory mapped files,
> +and so it can be used to store application secrets.
> +Unlike a regular file, a file created with
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +lives in RAM and has a volatile backing storage.
> +Once all references to the file are dropped, it is automatically released.
> +The initial size of the file is set to 0.
> +Following the call, the file size should be set using
> +.BR ftruncate (2).
> +.PP
> +The memory areas obtained with
> +.BR mmap (2)
> +from the file descriptor are exclusive to the owning context.
> +These areas are removed from the kernel page tables
> +and only the page table of the process holding the file descriptor
> +maps the corresponding physical memory.
> +.PP
> +The following values may be bitwise ORed in
> +.IR flags
> +to control the behavior of
> +.BR memfd_secret (2):
> +.TP
> +.BR FD_CLOEXEC
> +Set the close-on-exec flag on the new file descriptor.
> +See the description of the
> +.B O_CLOEXEC
> +flag in
> +.BR open (2)
> +for reasons why this may be useful.
> +.PP
> +.TP
> +.BR SECRETMEM_UNCACHED
> +In addition to excluding memory areas from the kernel page tables,
> +mark the memory mappings uncached in the page table of the owning process.
> +Such mappings can be used to prevent speculative loads
> +and cache-based side channels.
> +This mode of
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +is not supported on all architectures.
> +.PP
> +See also NOTES below.
> +.PP
> +As its return value,
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +returns a new file descriptor that can be used to refer to an anonymous file.
> +This file descriptor is opened for both reading and writing
> +.RB ( O_RDWR )
> +and
> +.B O_LARGEFILE
> +is set for the file descriptor.
> +.PP
> +With respect to
> +.BR fork (2)
> +and
> +.BR execve (2),
> +the usual semantics apply for the file descriptor created by
> +.BR memfd_secret ().
> +A copy of the file descriptor is inherited by the child produced by
> +.BR fork (2)
> +and refers to the same file.
> +The file descriptor is preserved across
> +.BR execve (2),
> +unless the close-on-exec flag has been set.
> +.PP
> +The memory regions backed with
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +are locked in the same way as
> +.BR mlock (2),
> +however the implementation will not try to
> +populate the whole range during the
> +.BR mmap ()
> +call.
> +The amount of memory allowed for memory mappings
> +of the file descriptor obeys the same rules as
> +.BR mlock (2)
> +and cannot exceed
> +.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK .
> +.SH RETURN VALUE
> +On success,
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +returns a new file descriptor.
> +On error, \-1 is returned and
> +.I errno
> +is set to indicate the error.
> +.SH ERRORS
> +.TP
> +.B EINVAL
> +.I flags
> +included unknown bits.
> +.TP
> +.B EMFILE
> +The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached.
> +.TP
> +.B EMFILE
> +The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached.
> +.TP
> +.B ENOMEM
> +There was insufficient memory to create a new anonymous file.
> +.TP
> +.B ENOSYS
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +is not implemented on this architecture.
> +.SH VERSIONS
> +The
> +.BR memfd_secret (2)
> +system call first appeared in Linux 5.X;
> +.SH CONFORMING TO
> +The
> +.BR memfd_secret (2)
> +system call is Linux-specific.
> +.SH NOTES
> +The
> +.BR memfd_secret (2)
> +system call provides an ability to hide information
> +from the operating system.
> +Normally Linux userspace mappings are protected from other users,
> +but they are visible to privileged code.
> +The mappings created using
> +.BR memfd_secret ()
> +are hidden from the kernel as well.
> +.PP
> +If an architecture supports
> +.BR SECRETMEM_UNCACHED ,
> +the mappings also have protection from speculative execution vulnerabilties,
> +at the expense of increased memory access latency.
> +Care should be taken when using
> +.B SECRETMEM_UNCACHED
> +to avoid degrading application performance.
> +.PP
> +Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
> +.BR syscall (2).
> +.SH SEE ALSO
> +.BR fcntl (2),
> +.BR ftruncate (2),
> +.BR mlock (2),
> +.BR mmap (2),
> +.BR setrlimit (2)
> -- 
> 2.29.2
>
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/man2/memfd_secret.2 b/man2/memfd_secret.2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4e617aa0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man2/memfd_secret.2
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ 
+.\" Copyright (c) 2020, IBM Corporation.
+.\" Written by Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
+.\"
+.\" Based on memfd_create(2) man page
+.\" Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
+.\" and Copyright (C) 2014 David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
+.\"
+.\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+)
+.\"
+.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+.\" (at your option) any later version.
+.\"
+.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
+.\"
+.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
+.\" License along with this manual; if not, see
+.\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+.\" %%%LICENSE_END
+.\"
+.TH MEMFD_SECRET 2 2020-08-02 Linux "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+memfd_secret \- create an anonymous file to map secret memory regions
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <linux/secretmem.h>
+.PP
+.BI "int memfd_secret(unsigned long " flags ");"
+.fi
+.PP
+.IR Note :
+There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+creates an anonymous file and returns a file descriptor that refers to it.
+The file can only be memory-mapped;
+the memory in such mapping
+will have stronger protection than usual memory mapped files,
+and so it can be used to store application secrets.
+Unlike a regular file, a file created with
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+lives in RAM and has a volatile backing storage.
+Once all references to the file are dropped, it is automatically released.
+The initial size of the file is set to 0.
+Following the call, the file size should be set using
+.BR ftruncate (2).
+.PP
+The memory areas obtained with
+.BR mmap (2)
+from the file descriptor are exclusive to the owning context.
+These areas are removed from the kernel page tables
+and only the page table of the process holding the file descriptor
+maps the corresponding physical memory.
+.PP
+The following values may be bitwise ORed in
+.IR flags
+to control the behavior of
+.BR memfd_secret (2):
+.TP
+.BR FD_CLOEXEC
+Set the close-on-exec flag on the new file descriptor.
+See the description of the
+.B O_CLOEXEC
+flag in
+.BR open (2)
+for reasons why this may be useful.
+.PP
+.TP
+.BR SECRETMEM_UNCACHED
+In addition to excluding memory areas from the kernel page tables,
+mark the memory mappings uncached in the page table of the owning process.
+Such mappings can be used to prevent speculative loads
+and cache-based side channels.
+This mode of
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+is not supported on all architectures.
+.PP
+See also NOTES below.
+.PP
+As its return value,
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+returns a new file descriptor that can be used to refer to an anonymous file.
+This file descriptor is opened for both reading and writing
+.RB ( O_RDWR )
+and
+.B O_LARGEFILE
+is set for the file descriptor.
+.PP
+With respect to
+.BR fork (2)
+and
+.BR execve (2),
+the usual semantics apply for the file descriptor created by
+.BR memfd_secret ().
+A copy of the file descriptor is inherited by the child produced by
+.BR fork (2)
+and refers to the same file.
+The file descriptor is preserved across
+.BR execve (2),
+unless the close-on-exec flag has been set.
+.PP
+The memory regions backed with
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+are locked in the same way as
+.BR mlock (2),
+however the implementation will not try to
+populate the whole range during the
+.BR mmap ()
+call.
+The amount of memory allowed for memory mappings
+of the file descriptor obeys the same rules as
+.BR mlock (2)
+and cannot exceed
+.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK .
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+On success,
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+returns a new file descriptor.
+On error, \-1 is returned and
+.I errno
+is set to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.TP
+.B EINVAL
+.I flags
+included unknown bits.
+.TP
+.B EMFILE
+The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached.
+.TP
+.B EMFILE
+The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached.
+.TP
+.B ENOMEM
+There was insufficient memory to create a new anonymous file.
+.TP
+.B ENOSYS
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+is not implemented on this architecture.
+.SH VERSIONS
+The
+.BR memfd_secret (2)
+system call first appeared in Linux 5.X;
+.SH CONFORMING TO
+The
+.BR memfd_secret (2)
+system call is Linux-specific.
+.SH NOTES
+The
+.BR memfd_secret (2)
+system call provides an ability to hide information
+from the operating system.
+Normally Linux userspace mappings are protected from other users,
+but they are visible to privileged code.
+The mappings created using
+.BR memfd_secret ()
+are hidden from the kernel as well.
+.PP
+If an architecture supports
+.BR SECRETMEM_UNCACHED ,
+the mappings also have protection from speculative execution vulnerabilties,
+at the expense of increased memory access latency.
+Care should be taken when using
+.B SECRETMEM_UNCACHED
+to avoid degrading application performance.
+.PP
+Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
+.BR syscall (2).
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR fcntl (2),
+.BR ftruncate (2),
+.BR mlock (2),
+.BR mmap (2),
+.BR setrlimit (2)