diff --git a/drivers/cxl/acpi.c b/drivers/cxl/acpi.c
index 544cb10ce33e..d1b914dfa36c 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/acpi.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/acpi.c
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ static int cxl_parse_cfmws(union acpi_subtable_headers *header, void *arg,
 	int target_map[CXL_DECODER_MAX_INTERLEAVE];
 	struct cxl_cfmws_context *ctx = arg;
 	struct cxl_port *root_port = ctx->root_port;
+	struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd;
 	struct device *dev = ctx->dev;
 	struct acpi_cedt_cfmws *cfmws;
 	struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
@@ -106,10 +107,11 @@ static int cxl_parse_cfmws(union acpi_subtable_headers *header, void *arg,
 	for (i = 0; i < ways; i++)
 		target_map[i] = cfmws->interleave_targets[i];
 
-	cxld = cxl_root_decoder_alloc(root_port, ways);
+	cxlsd = cxl_root_decoder_alloc(root_port, ways);
 	if (IS_ERR(cxld))
 		return 0;
 
+	cxld = &cxlsd->cxld;
 	cxld->flags = cfmws_to_decoder_flags(cfmws->restrictions);
 	cxld->target_type = CXL_DECODER_EXPANDER;
 	cxld->hpa_range = (struct range) {
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c b/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
index 46635105a1f1..2d1f3e6eebea 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
@@ -46,20 +46,20 @@ static int add_hdm_decoder(struct cxl_port *port, struct cxl_decoder *cxld,
  */
 int devm_cxl_add_passthrough_decoder(struct cxl_port *port)
 {
-	struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
+	struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd;
 	struct cxl_dport *dport;
 	int single_port_map[1];
 
-	cxld = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, 1);
-	if (IS_ERR(cxld))
-		return PTR_ERR(cxld);
+	cxlsd = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, 1);
+	if (IS_ERR(cxlsd))
+		return PTR_ERR(cxlsd);
 
 	device_lock_assert(&port->dev);
 
 	dport = list_first_entry(&port->dports, typeof(*dport), list);
 	single_port_map[0] = dport->port_id;
 
-	return add_hdm_decoder(port, cxld, single_port_map);
+	return add_hdm_decoder(port, &cxlsd->cxld, single_port_map);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(devm_cxl_add_passthrough_decoder, CXL);
 
@@ -226,8 +226,15 @@ int devm_cxl_enumerate_decoders(struct cxl_hdm *cxlhdm)
 
 		if (is_cxl_endpoint(port))
 			cxld = cxl_endpoint_decoder_alloc(port);
-		else
-			cxld = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, target_count);
+		else {
+			struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd;
+
+			cxlsd = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, target_count);
+			if (IS_ERR(cxlsd))
+				cxld = ERR_CAST(cxlsd);
+			else
+				cxld = &cxlsd->cxld;
+		}
 		if (IS_ERR(cxld)) {
 			dev_warn(&port->dev,
 				 "Failed to allocate the decoder\n");
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/port.c b/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
index 13c321afe076..fd1cac13cd2e 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
@@ -119,20 +119,21 @@ static ssize_t target_type_show(struct device *dev,
 }
 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(target_type);
 
-static ssize_t emit_target_list(struct cxl_decoder *cxld, char *buf)
+static ssize_t emit_target_list(struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd, char *buf)
 {
+	struct cxl_decoder *cxld = &cxlsd->cxld;
 	ssize_t offset = 0;
 	int i, rc = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < cxld->interleave_ways; i++) {
-		struct cxl_dport *dport = cxld->target[i];
+		struct cxl_dport *dport = cxlsd->target[i];
 		struct cxl_dport *next = NULL;
 
 		if (!dport)
 			break;
 
 		if (i + 1 < cxld->interleave_ways)
-			next = cxld->target[i + 1];
+			next = cxlsd->target[i + 1];
 		rc = sysfs_emit_at(buf, offset, "%d%s", dport->port_id,
 				   next ? "," : "");
 		if (rc < 0)
@@ -143,18 +144,20 @@ static ssize_t emit_target_list(struct cxl_decoder *cxld, char *buf)
 	return offset;
 }
 
+static struct cxl_switch_decoder *to_cxl_switch_decoder(struct device *dev);
+
 static ssize_t target_list_show(struct device *dev,
 				struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
-	struct cxl_decoder *cxld = to_cxl_decoder(dev);
+	struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd = to_cxl_switch_decoder(dev);
 	ssize_t offset;
 	unsigned int seq;
 	int rc;
 
 	do {
-		seq = read_seqbegin(&cxld->target_lock);
-		rc = emit_target_list(cxld, buf);
-	} while (read_seqretry(&cxld->target_lock, seq));
+		seq = read_seqbegin(&cxlsd->target_lock);
+		rc = emit_target_list(cxlsd, buf);
+	} while (read_seqretry(&cxlsd->target_lock, seq));
 
 	if (rc < 0)
 		return rc;
@@ -232,14 +235,28 @@ static const struct attribute_group *cxl_decoder_endpoint_attribute_groups[] = {
 	NULL,
 };
 
+static void __cxl_decoder_release(struct cxl_decoder *cxld)
+{
+	struct cxl_port *port = to_cxl_port(cxld->dev.parent);
+
+	ida_free(&port->decoder_ida, cxld->id);
+	put_device(&port->dev);
+}
+
 static void cxl_decoder_release(struct device *dev)
 {
 	struct cxl_decoder *cxld = to_cxl_decoder(dev);
-	struct cxl_port *port = to_cxl_port(dev->parent);
 
-	ida_free(&port->decoder_ida, cxld->id);
+	__cxl_decoder_release(cxld);
 	kfree(cxld);
-	put_device(&port->dev);
+}
+
+static void cxl_switch_decoder_release(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd = to_cxl_switch_decoder(dev);
+
+	__cxl_decoder_release(&cxlsd->cxld);
+	kfree(cxlsd);
 }
 
 static const struct device_type cxl_decoder_endpoint_type = {
@@ -250,13 +267,13 @@ static const struct device_type cxl_decoder_endpoint_type = {
 
 static const struct device_type cxl_decoder_switch_type = {
 	.name = "cxl_decoder_switch",
-	.release = cxl_decoder_release,
+	.release = cxl_switch_decoder_release,
 	.groups = cxl_decoder_switch_attribute_groups,
 };
 
 static const struct device_type cxl_decoder_root_type = {
 	.name = "cxl_decoder_root",
-	.release = cxl_decoder_release,
+	.release = cxl_switch_decoder_release,
 	.groups = cxl_decoder_root_attribute_groups,
 };
 
@@ -271,15 +288,29 @@ bool is_root_decoder(struct device *dev)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(is_root_decoder, CXL);
 
+static bool is_switch_decoder(struct device *dev)
+{
+	return is_root_decoder(dev) || dev->type == &cxl_decoder_switch_type;
+}
+
 struct cxl_decoder *to_cxl_decoder(struct device *dev)
 {
-	if (dev_WARN_ONCE(dev, dev->type->release != cxl_decoder_release,
+	if (dev_WARN_ONCE(dev,
+			  !is_switch_decoder(dev) && !is_endpoint_decoder(dev),
 			  "not a cxl_decoder device\n"))
 		return NULL;
 	return container_of(dev, struct cxl_decoder, dev);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(to_cxl_decoder, CXL);
 
+static struct cxl_switch_decoder *to_cxl_switch_decoder(struct device *dev)
+{
+	if (dev_WARN_ONCE(dev, !is_switch_decoder(dev),
+			  "not a cxl_switch_decoder device\n"))
+		return NULL;
+	return container_of(dev, struct cxl_switch_decoder, cxld.dev);
+}
+
 static void cxl_ep_release(struct cxl_ep *ep)
 {
 	if (!ep)
@@ -1129,7 +1160,7 @@ struct cxl_dport *cxl_find_dport_by_dev(struct cxl_port *port,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_find_dport_by_dev, CXL);
 
-static int decoder_populate_targets(struct cxl_decoder *cxld,
+static int decoder_populate_targets(struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd,
 				    struct cxl_port *port, int *target_map)
 {
 	int i, rc = 0;
@@ -1142,17 +1173,17 @@ static int decoder_populate_targets(struct cxl_decoder *cxld,
 	if (list_empty(&port->dports))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	write_seqlock(&cxld->target_lock);
-	for (i = 0; i < cxld->nr_targets; i++) {
+	write_seqlock(&cxlsd->target_lock);
+	for (i = 0; i < cxlsd->nr_targets; i++) {
 		struct cxl_dport *dport = find_dport(port, target_map[i]);
 
 		if (!dport) {
 			rc = -ENXIO;
 			break;
 		}
-		cxld->target[i] = dport;
+		cxlsd->target[i] = dport;
 	}
-	write_sequnlock(&cxld->target_lock);
+	write_sequnlock(&cxlsd->target_lock);
 
 	return rc;
 }
@@ -1179,13 +1210,27 @@ static struct cxl_decoder *cxl_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
 {
 	struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
 	struct device *dev;
+	void *alloc;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	if (nr_targets > CXL_DECODER_MAX_INTERLEAVE)
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
-	cxld = kzalloc(struct_size(cxld, target, nr_targets), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!cxld)
+	if (nr_targets) {
+		struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd;
+
+		alloc = kzalloc(struct_size(cxlsd, target, nr_targets), GFP_KERNEL);
+		cxlsd = alloc;
+		if (cxlsd) {
+			cxlsd->nr_targets = nr_targets;
+			seqlock_init(&cxlsd->target_lock);
+			cxld = &cxlsd->cxld;
+		}
+	} else {
+		alloc = kzalloc(sizeof(*cxld), GFP_KERNEL);
+		cxld = alloc;
+	}
+	if (!alloc)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
 	rc = ida_alloc(&port->decoder_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1196,8 +1241,6 @@ static struct cxl_decoder *cxl_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
 	get_device(&port->dev);
 	cxld->id = rc;
 
-	cxld->nr_targets = nr_targets;
-	seqlock_init(&cxld->target_lock);
 	dev = &cxld->dev;
 	device_initialize(dev);
 	lockdep_set_class(&dev->mutex, &cxl_decoder_key);
@@ -1222,7 +1265,7 @@ static struct cxl_decoder *cxl_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
 
 	return cxld;
 err:
-	kfree(cxld);
+	kfree(alloc);
 	return ERR_PTR(rc);
 }
 
@@ -1236,13 +1279,18 @@ static struct cxl_decoder *cxl_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
  * firmware description of CXL resources into a CXL standard decode
  * topology.
  */
-struct cxl_decoder *cxl_root_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
-					   unsigned int nr_targets)
+struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxl_root_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
+						  unsigned int nr_targets)
 {
+	struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
+
 	if (!is_cxl_root(port))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
-	return cxl_decoder_alloc(port, nr_targets);
+	cxld = cxl_decoder_alloc(port, nr_targets);
+	if (IS_ERR(cxld))
+		return ERR_CAST(cxld);
+	return to_cxl_switch_decoder(&cxld->dev);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_root_decoder_alloc, CXL);
 
@@ -1257,13 +1305,18 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_root_decoder_alloc, CXL);
  * that sit between Switch Upstream Ports / Switch Downstream Ports and
  * Host Bridges / Root Ports.
  */
-struct cxl_decoder *cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
-					     unsigned int nr_targets)
+struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
+						    unsigned int nr_targets)
 {
+	struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
+
 	if (is_cxl_root(port) || is_cxl_endpoint(port))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
-	return cxl_decoder_alloc(port, nr_targets);
+	cxld = cxl_decoder_alloc(port, nr_targets);
+	if (IS_ERR(cxld))
+		return ERR_CAST(cxld);
+	return to_cxl_switch_decoder(&cxld->dev);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_switch_decoder_alloc, CXL);
 
@@ -1320,7 +1373,9 @@ int cxl_decoder_add_locked(struct cxl_decoder *cxld, int *target_map)
 
 	port = to_cxl_port(cxld->dev.parent);
 	if (!is_endpoint_decoder(dev)) {
-		rc = decoder_populate_targets(cxld, port, target_map);
+		struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd = to_cxl_switch_decoder(dev);
+
+		rc = decoder_populate_targets(cxlsd, port, target_map);
 		if (rc && (cxld->flags & CXL_DECODER_F_ENABLE)) {
 			dev_err(&port->dev,
 				"Failed to populate active decoder targets\n");
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/cxl.h b/drivers/cxl/cxl.h
index fd02f9e2a829..7525b55b11bb 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/cxl.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/cxl.h
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ enum cxl_decoder_type {
 #define CXL_DECODER_MAX_INTERLEAVE 16
 
 /**
- * struct cxl_decoder - CXL address range decode configuration
+ * struct cxl_decoder - Common CXL HDM Decoder Attributes
  * @dev: this decoder's device
  * @id: kernel device name id
  * @hpa_range: Host physical address range mapped by this decoder
@@ -228,10 +228,7 @@ enum cxl_decoder_type {
  * @interleave_granularity: data stride per dport
  * @target_type: accelerator vs expander (type2 vs type3) selector
  * @flags: memory type capabilities and locking
- * @target_lock: coordinate coherent reads of the target list
- * @nr_targets: number of elements in @target
- * @target: active ordered target list in current decoder configuration
- */
+*/
 struct cxl_decoder {
 	struct device dev;
 	int id;
@@ -240,12 +237,22 @@ struct cxl_decoder {
 	int interleave_granularity;
 	enum cxl_decoder_type target_type;
 	unsigned long flags;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct cxl_switch_decoder - Switch specific CXL HDM Decoder
+ * @cxld: base cxl_decoder object
+ * @target_lock: coordinate coherent reads of the target list
+ * @nr_targets: number of elements in @target
+ * @target: active ordered target list in current decoder configuration
+ */
+struct cxl_switch_decoder {
+	struct cxl_decoder cxld;
 	seqlock_t target_lock;
 	int nr_targets;
 	struct cxl_dport *target[];
 };
 
-
 /**
  * enum cxl_nvdimm_brige_state - state machine for managing bus rescans
  * @CXL_NVB_NEW: Set at bridge create and after cxl_pmem_wq is destroyed
@@ -363,10 +370,10 @@ struct cxl_dport *cxl_find_dport_by_dev(struct cxl_port *port,
 struct cxl_decoder *to_cxl_decoder(struct device *dev);
 bool is_root_decoder(struct device *dev);
 bool is_endpoint_decoder(struct device *dev);
-struct cxl_decoder *cxl_root_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
-					   unsigned int nr_targets);
-struct cxl_decoder *cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
-					     unsigned int nr_targets);
+struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxl_root_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
+						  unsigned int nr_targets);
+struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port,
+						    unsigned int nr_targets);
 int cxl_decoder_add(struct cxl_decoder *cxld, int *target_map);
 struct cxl_decoder *cxl_endpoint_decoder_alloc(struct cxl_port *port);
 int cxl_decoder_add_locked(struct cxl_decoder *cxld, int *target_map);
diff --git a/tools/testing/cxl/test/cxl.c b/tools/testing/cxl/test/cxl.c
index 7a08b025f2de..68288354b419 100644
--- a/tools/testing/cxl/test/cxl.c
+++ b/tools/testing/cxl/test/cxl.c
@@ -451,9 +451,15 @@ static int mock_cxl_enumerate_decoders(struct cxl_hdm *cxlhdm)
 		struct cxl_decoder *cxld;
 		int rc;
 
-		if (target_count)
-			cxld = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, target_count);
-		else
+		if (target_count) {
+			struct cxl_switch_decoder *cxlsd;
+
+			cxlsd = cxl_switch_decoder_alloc(port, target_count);
+			if (IS_ERR(cxlsd))
+				cxld = ERR_CAST(cxlsd);
+			else
+				cxld = &cxlsd->cxld;
+		} else
 			cxld = cxl_endpoint_decoder_alloc(port);
 		if (IS_ERR(cxld)) {
 			dev_warn(&port->dev,
