diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Kconfig b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Kconfig
index 606bf04..94e3ef5 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Kconfig
@@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ config MACH_OMAP3_BEAGLE
     depends on ARCH_OMAP3 && ARCH_OMAP34XX
     select OMAP_PACKAGE_CBB
 
+config MACH_OMAP3_DEVKIT8000
+        bool "OMAP3 DEVKIT8000 board"
+        depends on ARCH_OMAP3 && ARCH_OMAP34XX
+
 config MACH_OMAP_LDP
     bool "OMAP3 LDP board"
     depends on ARCH_OMAP3 && ARCH_OMAP34XX
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Makefile b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Makefile
index b32678b..083236b 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/Makefile
@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OMAP_2430SDP)        +=
board-2430sdp.o \
 obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OMAP_APOLLON)        += board-apollon.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OMAP3_BEAGLE)        += board-omap3beagle.o \
                        mmc-twl4030.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OMAP3_DEVKIT8000)     += board-omap3devkit8000.o \
+                                           mmc-twl4030.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OMAP_LDP)        += board-ldp.o \
                        mmc-twl4030.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_OVERO)        += board-overo.o \
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-omap3devkit8000.c
b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-omap3devkit8000.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f85dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-omap3devkit8000.c
@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+/*
+ * linux/arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-omap3devkit8000.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Texas Instruments
+ *
+ * Modified from mach-omap2/board-omap3beagle.c
+ *
+ * Initial code: Syed Mohammed Khasim
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/clk.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/leds.h>
+#include <linux/gpio.h>
+#include <linux/input.h>
+#include <linux/gpio_keys.h>
+
+#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
+
+#include <linux/regulator/machine.h>
+#include <linux/i2c/twl.h>
+
+#include <mach/hardware.h>
+#include <asm/mach-types.h>
+#include <asm/mach/arch.h>
+#include <asm/mach/map.h>
+#include <asm/mach/flash.h>
+
+#include <plat/board.h>
+#include <plat/common.h>
+#include <plat/gpmc.h>
+#include <plat/nand.h>
+#include <plat/usb.h>
+#include <plat/timer-gp.h>
+
+#include <plat/mcspi.h>
+#include <linux/input/matrix_keypad.h>
+#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
+#include <linux/spi/ads7846.h>
+#include <linux/usb/otg.h>
+#include <linux/dm9000.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+
+#include "sdram-micron-mt46h32m32lf-6.h"
+
+#include "mux.h"
+#include "mmc-twl4030.h"
+
+#define GPMC_CS0_BASE  0x60
+#define GPMC_CS_SIZE   0x30
+
+#define NAND_BLOCK_SIZE        SZ_128K
+
+#define OMAP_DM9000_GPIO_IRQ    25
+#define OMAP3_DEVKIT_TS_GPIO    27
+
+static struct mtd_partition omap3devkit8000_nand_partitions[] = {
+    /* All the partition sizes are listed in terms of NAND block size */
+    {
+        .name        = "X-Loader",
+        .offset        = 0,
+        .size        = 4 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
+        .mask_flags    = MTD_WRITEABLE,    /* force read-only */
+    },
+    {
+        .name        = "U-Boot",
+        .offset        = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,    /* Offset = 0x80000 */
+        .size        = 15 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
+        .mask_flags    = MTD_WRITEABLE,    /* force read-only */
+    },
+    {
+        .name        = "U-Boot Env",
+        .offset        = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,    /* Offset = 0x260000 */
+        .size        = 1 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
+    },
+    {
+        .name        = "Kernel",
+        .offset        = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,    /* Offset = 0x280000 */
+        .size        = 32 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
+    },
+    {
+        .name        = "File System",
+        .offset        = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,    /* Offset = 0x680000 */
+        .size        = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct omap_nand_platform_data omap3devkit8000_nand_data = {
+    .options    = NAND_BUSWIDTH_16,
+    .parts        = omap3devkit8000_nand_partitions,
+    .nr_parts    = ARRAY_SIZE(omap3devkit8000_nand_partitions),
+    .dma_channel    = -1,        /* disable DMA in OMAP NAND driver */
+};
+
+static struct resource omap3devkit8000_nand_resource = {
+    .flags        = IORESOURCE_MEM,
+};
+
+static struct platform_device omap3devkit8000_nand_device = {
+    .name        = "omap2-nand",
+    .id        = -1,
+    .dev        = {
+        .platform_data    = &omap3devkit8000_nand_data,
+    },
+    .num_resources    = 1,
+    .resource    = &omap3devkit8000_nand_resource,
+};
+
+
+static struct twl4030_hsmmc_info mmc[] = {
+    {
+        .mmc        = 1,
+        .wires        = 8,
+        .gpio_wp    = 29,
+    },
+    {}    /* Terminator */
+};
+
+static struct platform_device omap3_devkit8000_lcd_device = {
+    .name        = "omap3devkit8000_lcd",
+    .id        = -1,
+};
+
+static struct omap_lcd_config omap3_devkit8000_lcd_config __initdata = {
+    .ctrl_name    = "internal",
+};
+
+static struct regulator_consumer_supply devkit8000_vmmc1_supply = {
+    .supply            = "vmmc",
+};
+
+static struct regulator_consumer_supply devkit8000_vsim_supply = {
+    .supply            = "vmmc_aux",
+};
+
+static int board_keymap[] = {
+    KEY(0, 0, KEY_1),
+    KEY(1, 0, KEY_2),
+    KEY(2, 0, KEY_3),
+    KEY(0, 1, KEY_4),
+    KEY(1, 1, KEY_5),
+    KEY(2, 1, KEY_6),
+    KEY(3, 1, KEY_F5),
+    KEY(0, 2, KEY_7),
+    KEY(1, 2, KEY_8),
+    KEY(2, 2, KEY_9),
+    KEY(3, 2, KEY_F6),
+    KEY(0, 3, KEY_F7),
+    KEY(1, 3, KEY_0),
+    KEY(2, 3, KEY_F8),
+    PERSISTENT_KEY(4, 5),
+    KEY(4, 4, KEY_VOLUMEUP),
+    KEY(5, 5, KEY_VOLUMEDOWN),
+    0
+};
+
+static struct matrix_keymap_data board_map_data = {
+    .keymap            = board_keymap,
+    .keymap_size        = ARRAY_SIZE(board_keymap),
+};
+
+static struct twl4030_keypad_data devkit8000_kp_data = {
+    .keymap_data    = &board_map_data,
+    .rows        = 6,
+    .cols        = 6,
+    .rep        = 1,
+};
+
+static struct gpio_led gpio_leds[];
+
+static int devkit8000_twl_gpio_setup(struct device *dev,
+        unsigned gpio, unsigned ngpio)
+{
+    omap_mux_init_gpio(29, OMAP_PIN_INPUT);
+    /* gpio + 0 is "mmc0_cd" (input/IRQ) */
+    mmc[0].gpio_cd = gpio + 0;
+    twl4030_mmc_init(mmc);
+
+    /* link regulators to MMC adapters */
+    devkit8000_vmmc1_supply.dev = mmc[0].dev;
+    devkit8000_vsim_supply.dev = mmc[0].dev;
+
+    /* REVISIT: need ehci-omap hooks for external VBUS
+     * power switch and overcurrent detect
+     */
+
+    gpio_request(gpio + 1, "EHCI_nOC");
+    gpio_direction_input(gpio + 1);
+
+    /* TWL4030_GPIO_MAX + 0 == ledA, EHCI nEN_USB_PWR (out, active low) */
+    gpio_request(gpio + TWL4030_GPIO_MAX, "nEN_USB_PWR");
+    gpio_direction_output(gpio + TWL4030_GPIO_MAX, 1);
+
+    /* TWL4030_GPIO_MAX + 1 == ledB, PMU_STAT (out, active low LED) */
+    gpio_leds[2].gpio = gpio + TWL4030_GPIO_MAX + 1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static struct twl4030_gpio_platform_data devkit8000_gpio_data = {
+    .gpio_base    = OMAP_MAX_GPIO_LINES,
+    .irq_base    = TWL4030_GPIO_IRQ_BASE,
+    .irq_end    = TWL4030_GPIO_IRQ_END,
+    .use_leds    = true,
+    .pullups    = BIT(1),
+    .pulldowns    = BIT(2) | BIT(6) | BIT(7) | BIT(8) | BIT(13)
+                | BIT(15) | BIT(16) | BIT(17),
+    .setup        = devkit8000_twl_gpio_setup,
+};
+
+static struct regulator_consumer_supply devkit8000_vdac_supply = {
+    .supply        = "vdac",
+    .dev        = &omap3_devkit8000_lcd_device.dev,
+};
+
+static struct regulator_consumer_supply devkit8000_vdvi_supply = {
+    .supply        = "vdvi",
+    .dev        = &omap3_devkit8000_lcd_device.dev,
+};
+
+/* VMMC1 for MMC1 pins CMD, CLK, DAT0..DAT3 (20 mA, plus card == max
220 mA) */
+static struct regulator_init_data devkit8000_vmmc1 = {
+    .constraints = {
+        .min_uV            = 1850000,
+        .max_uV            = 3150000,
+        .valid_modes_mask    = REGULATOR_MODE_NORMAL
+                    | REGULATOR_MODE_STANDBY,
+        .valid_ops_mask        = REGULATOR_CHANGE_VOLTAGE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_MODE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_STATUS,
+    },
+    .num_consumer_supplies    = 1,
+    .consumer_supplies    = &devkit8000_vmmc1_supply,
+};
+
+/* VSIM for MMC1 pins DAT4..DAT7 (2 mA, plus card == max 50 mA) */
+static struct regulator_init_data devkit8000_vsim = {
+    .constraints = {
+        .min_uV            = 1800000,
+        .max_uV            = 3000000,
+        .valid_modes_mask    = REGULATOR_MODE_NORMAL
+                    | REGULATOR_MODE_STANDBY,
+        .valid_ops_mask        = REGULATOR_CHANGE_VOLTAGE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_MODE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_STATUS,
+    },
+    .num_consumer_supplies    = 1,
+    .consumer_supplies    = &devkit8000_vsim_supply,
+};
+
+/* VDAC for DSS driving S-Video (8 mA unloaded, max 65 mA) */
+static struct regulator_init_data devkit8000_vdac = {
+    .constraints = {
+        .min_uV            = 1800000,
+        .max_uV            = 1800000,
+        .valid_modes_mask    = REGULATOR_MODE_NORMAL
+                    | REGULATOR_MODE_STANDBY,
+        .valid_ops_mask        = REGULATOR_CHANGE_MODE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_STATUS,
+    },
+    .num_consumer_supplies    = 1,
+    .consumer_supplies    = &devkit8000_vdac_supply,
+};
+
+/* VPLL2 for digital video outputs */
+static struct regulator_init_data devkit8000_vpll2 = {
+    .constraints = {
+        .name            = "VDVI",
+        .min_uV            = 1800000,
+        .max_uV            = 1800000,
+        .valid_modes_mask    = REGULATOR_MODE_NORMAL
+                    | REGULATOR_MODE_STANDBY,
+        .valid_ops_mask        = REGULATOR_CHANGE_MODE
+                    | REGULATOR_CHANGE_STATUS,
+    },
+    .num_consumer_supplies    = 1,
+    .consumer_supplies    = &devkit8000_vdvi_supply,
+};
+
+static struct twl4030_usb_data devkit8000_usb_data = {
+    .usb_mode    = T2_USB_MODE_ULPI,
+};
+
+static struct twl4030_codec_audio_data devkit8000_audio_data = {
+    .audio_mclk = 26000000,
+};
+
+static struct twl4030_codec_data devkit8000_codec_data = {
+    .audio_mclk = 26000000,
+    .audio = &devkit8000_audio_data,
+};
+
+
+static struct twl4030_platform_data devkit8000_twldata = {
+    .irq_base    = TWL4030_IRQ_BASE,
+    .irq_end    = TWL4030_IRQ_END,
+
+    /* platform_data for children goes here */
+    .usb        = &devkit8000_usb_data,
+    .gpio        = &devkit8000_gpio_data,
+    .codec        = &devkit8000_codec_data,
+    .vmmc1        = &devkit8000_vmmc1,
+    .vsim        = &devkit8000_vsim,
+    .vdac        = &devkit8000_vdac,
+    .vpll2        = &devkit8000_vpll2,
+    .keypad        = &devkit8000_kp_data,
+};
+
+static struct i2c_board_info __initdata devkit8000_i2c_boardinfo[] = {
+    {
+        I2C_BOARD_INFO("twl4030", 0x48),
+        .flags = I2C_CLIENT_WAKE,
+        .irq = INT_34XX_SYS_NIRQ,
+        .platform_data = &devkit8000_twldata,
+    },
+};
+
+static int __init omap3_devkit8000_i2c_init(void)
+{
+    omap_register_i2c_bus(1, 2600, devkit8000_i2c_boardinfo,
+            ARRAY_SIZE(devkit8000_i2c_boardinfo));
+    /* Bus 3 is attached to the DVI port where devices like the pico DLP
+     * projector don't work reliably with 400kHz */
+    omap_register_i2c_bus(3, 400, NULL, 0);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static struct gpio_led gpio_leds[] = {
+    {
+        .name            = "led1",
+        .default_trigger    = "heartbeat",
+        .gpio            = 186,
+        .active_low        = true,
+    },
+    {
+        .name            = "led2",
+        .default_trigger    = "mmc0",
+        .gpio            = 163,
+        .active_low        = true,
+    },
+    {
+        .name            = "ledB",
+        .default_trigger    = "none",
+        .gpio            = 153,
+        .active_low             = true,
+    },
+    {
+        .name            = "led3",
+        .default_trigger    = "none",
+        .gpio            = 164,    /* gets replaced */
+        .active_low             = true,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct gpio_led_platform_data gpio_led_info = {
+    .leds        = gpio_leds,
+    .num_leds    = ARRAY_SIZE(gpio_leds),
+};
+
+static struct platform_device leds_gpio = {
+    .name    = "leds-gpio",
+    .id    = -1,
+    .dev    = {
+        .platform_data    = &gpio_led_info,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct gpio_keys_button gpio_buttons[] = {
+    {
+        .code            = BTN_EXTRA,
+        .gpio            = 26,
+        .desc            = "user",
+        .wakeup            = 1,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct gpio_keys_platform_data gpio_key_info = {
+    .buttons    = gpio_buttons,
+    .nbuttons    = ARRAY_SIZE(gpio_buttons),
+};
+
+static struct platform_device keys_gpio = {
+    .name    = "gpio-keys",
+    .id    = -1,
+    .dev    = {
+        .platform_data    = &gpio_key_info,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct omap_board_config_kernel omap3_devkit8000_config[]
__initdata = {
+    { OMAP_TAG_LCD,        &omap3_devkit8000_lcd_config },
+};
+
+static void __init omap3_devkit8000_init_irq(void)
+{
+    omap_board_config = omap3_devkit8000_config;
+    omap_board_config_size = ARRAY_SIZE(omap3_devkit8000_config);
+    omap2_init_common_hw(mt46h32m32lf6_sdrc_params,
+                 mt46h32m32lf6_sdrc_params);
+    omap_init_irq();
+#ifdef CONFIG_OMAP_32K_TIMER
+    omap2_gp_clockevent_set_gptimer(12);
+#endif
+    omap_gpio_init();
+}
+
+static void __init omap3devkit8000_ads7846_init(void)
+{
+    int gpio = OMAP3_DEVKIT_TS_GPIO;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = gpio_request(gpio, "ads7846_pen_down");
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to request GPIO %d for "
+                "ads7846 pen down IRQ\n", gpio);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    gpio_direction_input(gpio);
+}
+
+static int ads7846_get_pendown_state(void)
+{
+    return !gpio_get_value(OMAP3_DEVKIT_TS_GPIO);
+}
+
+static struct ads7846_platform_data ads7846_config = {
+    .x_max                  = 0x0fff,
+    .y_max                  = 0x0fff,
+    .x_plate_ohms           = 180,
+    .pressure_max           = 255,
+    .debounce_max           = 10,
+    .debounce_tol           = 5,
+    .debounce_rep           = 1,
+    .get_pendown_state    = ads7846_get_pendown_state,
+    .keep_vref_on        = 1,
+    .settle_delay_usecs     = 150,
+};
+
+static struct omap2_mcspi_device_config ads7846_mcspi_config = {
+    .turbo_mode    = 0,
+    .single_channel    = 1,    /* 0: slave, 1: master */
+};
+
+static struct spi_board_info omap3devkit8000_spi_board_info[]
__initdata = {
+    {
+        .modalias        = "ads7846",
+        .bus_num        = 2,
+        .chip_select        = 0,
+        .max_speed_hz        = 1500000,
+        .controller_data    = &ads7846_mcspi_config,
+        .irq            = OMAP_GPIO_IRQ(OMAP3_DEVKIT_TS_GPIO),
+        .platform_data        = &ads7846_config,
+    }
+};
+
+
+#define OMAP_DM9000_BASE    0x2c000000
+
+static struct resource omap_dm9000_resources[] = {
+    [0] = {
+        .start        = OMAP_DM9000_BASE,
+        .end        = (OMAP_DM9000_BASE + 0x4 - 1),
+        .flags        = IORESOURCE_MEM,
+    },
+    [1] = {
+        .start        = (OMAP_DM9000_BASE + 0x400),
+        .end        = (OMAP_DM9000_BASE + 0x400 + 0x4 - 1),
+        .flags        = IORESOURCE_MEM,
+    },
+    [2] = {
+        .start        = OMAP_GPIO_IRQ(OMAP_DM9000_GPIO_IRQ),
+        .flags        = IORESOURCE_IRQ | IRQF_TRIGGER_LOW,
+    },
+};
+
+static struct dm9000_plat_data omap_dm9000_platdata = {
+        .flags = DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY,
+};
+
+static struct platform_device omap_dm9000_dev = {
+    .name = "dm9000",
+    .id = -1,
+    .num_resources    = ARRAY_SIZE(omap_dm9000_resources),
+    .resource    = omap_dm9000_resources,
+        .dev = {
+                .platform_data = &omap_dm9000_platdata,
+        },
+};
+
+static void __init omap_dm9000_init(void)
+{
+        if (gpio_request(OMAP_DM9000_GPIO_IRQ, "dm9000 irq") < 0) {
+                printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to request GPIO%d for dm9000
IRQ\n",
+                        OMAP_DM9000_GPIO_IRQ);
+                return;
+        }
+
+        gpio_direction_input(OMAP_DM9000_GPIO_IRQ);
+}
+
+static struct platform_device *omap3_devkit8000_devices[] __initdata = {
+    &omap3_devkit8000_lcd_device,
+    &leds_gpio,
+    &keys_gpio,
+    &omap_dm9000_dev,
+};
+
+static void __init omap3devkit8000_flash_init(void)
+{
+    u8 cs = 0;
+    u8 nandcs = GPMC_CS_NUM + 1;
+
+    u32 gpmc_base_add = OMAP34XX_GPMC_VIRT;
+
+    /* find out the chip-select on which NAND exists */
+    while (cs < GPMC_CS_NUM) {
+        u32 ret = 0;
+        ret = gpmc_cs_read_reg(cs, GPMC_CS_CONFIG1);
+
+        if ((ret & 0xC00) == 0x800) {
+            printk(KERN_INFO "Found NAND on CS%d\n", cs);
+            if (nandcs > GPMC_CS_NUM)
+                nandcs = cs;
+        }
+        cs++;
+    }
+
+    if (nandcs > GPMC_CS_NUM) {
+        printk(KERN_INFO "NAND: Unable to find configuration "
+                 "in GPMC\n ");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (nandcs < GPMC_CS_NUM) {
+        omap3devkit8000_nand_data.cs = nandcs;
+        omap3devkit8000_nand_data.gpmc_cs_baseaddr = (void *)
+            (gpmc_base_add + GPMC_CS0_BASE + nandcs * GPMC_CS_SIZE);
+        omap3devkit8000_nand_data.gpmc_baseaddr = (void *) (gpmc_base_add);
+
+        printk(KERN_INFO "Registering NAND on CS%d\n", nandcs);
+        if (platform_device_register(&omap3devkit8000_nand_device) < 0)
+            printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to register NAND device\n");
+    }
+}
+
+static struct ehci_hcd_omap_platform_data ehci_pdata __initconst = {
+
+    .port_mode[0] = EHCI_HCD_OMAP_MODE_PHY,
+    .port_mode[1] = EHCI_HCD_OMAP_MODE_PHY,
+    .port_mode[2] = EHCI_HCD_OMAP_MODE_UNKNOWN,
+
+    .phy_reset  = true,
+    .reset_gpio_port[0]  = -EINVAL,
+    .reset_gpio_port[1]  = 147,
+    .reset_gpio_port[2]  = -EINVAL
+};
+
+static void __init omap3_devkit8000_init(void)
+{
+    omap3_devkit8000_i2c_init();
+    platform_add_devices(omap3_devkit8000_devices,
+            ARRAY_SIZE(omap3_devkit8000_devices));
+    omap_board_config = omap3_devkit8000_config;
+    omap_board_config_size = ARRAY_SIZE(omap3_devkit8000_config);
+
+    spi_register_board_info(omap3devkit8000_spi_board_info,
+                    ARRAY_SIZE(omap3devkit8000_spi_board_info));
+
+    omap_serial_init();
+   
+    omap_dm9000_init();
+
+    omap3devkit8000_ads7846_init();
+
+    omap_mux_init_gpio(170, OMAP_PIN_INPUT);
+   
+    gpio_request(170, "DVI_nPD");
+    /* REVISIT leave DVI powered down until it's needed ... */
+    gpio_direction_output(170, true);
+
+    usb_musb_init();
+    usb_ehci_init(&ehci_pdata);
+    omap3devkit8000_flash_init();
+
+    /* Ensure SDRC pins are mux'd for self-refresh */
+    omap_mux_init_signal("sdr_cke0", OMAP_PIN_OUTPUT);
+    omap_mux_init_signal("sdr_cke1", OMAP_PIN_OUTPUT);
+}
+
+static void __init omap3_devkit8000_map_io(void)
+{
+    omap2_set_globals_343x();
+    omap2_map_common_io();
+}
+
+MACHINE_START(DEVKIT8000, "OMAP3 Devkit8000")
+    .phys_io    = 0x48000000,
+    .io_pg_offst    = ((0xd8000000) >> 18) & 0xfffc,
+    .boot_params    = 0x80000100,
+    .map_io        = omap3_devkit8000_map_io,
