[bpf-next,v2,4/7] bpf, lsm: Check bpf lsm hook return values in verifier

Commit Message

Xu Kuohai March 25, 2024, 9:56 a.m. UTC

From: Xu Kuohai <[e-mail]>

A bpf prog returning positive number attached to file_alloc_security hook
will make kernel panic.

The reason is that the positive number returned by bpf prog is not a
valid errno, and could not be filtered out with IS_ERR which is used by
the file system to check errors. As a result, the file system uses this
positive number as file pointer, causing panic.

Considering that hook file_alloc_security never returned positive number
before bpf lsm was introduced, and other bpf lsm hooks may have the same
problem, this patch adds lsm return value check in bpf verifier to ensure
no unpredicted values will be returned by lsm bpf prog.

Fixes: 520b7aa00d8c ("bpf: lsm: Initialize the BPF LSM hooks")
Reported-by: Xin Liu <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Xu Kuohai <[e-mail]>
---
 include/linux/bpf.h   |  1 +
 kernel/bpf/btf.c      |  5 +++-
 kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 57 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 3 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

Patch

diff --git a/include/linux/bpf.h b/include/linux/bpf.h
index 4f20f62f9d63..aac92857a5a5 100644
--- a/include/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/include/linux/bpf.h
@@ -917,6 +917,7 @@  struct bpf_insn_access_aux {
 		};
 	};
 	struct bpf_verifier_log *log; /* for verbose logs */
+	bool is_retval; /* is accessing function return value ? */
 };
 
 static inline void
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/btf.c b/kernel/bpf/btf.c
index 90c4a32d89ff..d593684d80c6 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/btf.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/btf.c
@@ -6227,8 +6227,11 @@  bool btf_ctx_access(int off, int size, enum bpf_access_type type,
 
 	if (arg == nr_args) {
 		switch (prog->expected_attach_type) {
-		case BPF_LSM_CGROUP:
 		case BPF_LSM_MAC:
+			/* mark we are accessing the return value */
+			info->is_retval = true;
+			fallthrough;
+		case BPF_LSM_CGROUP:
 		case BPF_TRACE_FEXIT:
 			/* When LSM programs are attached to void LSM hooks
 			 * they use FEXIT trampolines and when attached to
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index 63749ad5ac6b..c3387357bc0d 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -2325,6 +2325,25 @@  static void mark_reg_unknown(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 	__mark_reg_unknown(env, regs + regno);
 }
 
+static int __mark_reg_s32_range(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
+				struct bpf_reg_state *regs,
+				u32 regno,
+				s32 s32_min,
+				s32 s32_max)
+{
+	struct bpf_reg_state *reg = regs + regno;
+
+	reg->s32_min_value = max_t(s32, reg->s32_min_value, s32_min);
+	reg->s32_max_value = min_t(s32, reg->s32_max_value, s32_max);
+
+	reg->smin_value = max_t(s64, reg->smin_value, s32_min);
+	reg->smax_value = min_t(s64, reg->smax_value, s32_max);
+
+	reg_bounds_sync(reg);
+
+	return reg_bounds_sanity_check(env, reg, "s32_range");
+}
+
 static void __mark_reg_not_init(const struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 				struct bpf_reg_state *reg)
 {
@@ -5557,11 +5576,12 @@  static int check_packet_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 regno, int off,
 /* check access to 'struct bpf_context' fields.  Supports fixed offsets only */
 static int check_ctx_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, int off, int size,
 			    enum bpf_access_type t, enum bpf_reg_type *reg_type,
-			    struct btf **btf, u32 *btf_id)
+			    struct btf **btf, u32 *btf_id, bool *is_retval)
 {
 	struct bpf_insn_access_aux info = {
 		.reg_type = *reg_type,
 		.log = &env->log,
+		.is_retval = false,
 	};
 
 	if (env->ops->is_valid_access &&
@@ -5574,6 +5594,7 @@  static int check_ctx_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, int off,
 		 * type of narrower access.
 		 */
 		*reg_type = info.reg_type;
+		*is_retval = info.is_retval;
 
 		if (base_type(*reg_type) == PTR_TO_BTF_ID) {
 			*btf = info.btf;
@@ -6715,6 +6736,17 @@  static int check_stack_access_within_bounds(
 	return grow_stack_state(env, state, -min_off /* size */);
 }
 
+static bool get_func_retval_range(struct bpf_prog *prog,
+				  struct bpf_retval_range *range)
+{
+	if (prog->type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_LSM &&
+		prog->expected_attach_type == BPF_LSM_MAC &&
+		!bpf_lsm_get_retval_range(prog, range)) {
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
 /* check whether memory at (regno + off) is accessible for t = (read | write)
  * if t==write, value_regno is a register which value is stored into memory
  * if t==read, value_regno is a register which will receive the value from memory
@@ -6819,6 +6851,8 @@  static int check_mem_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, u32 regn
 		if (!err && value_regno >= 0 && (t == BPF_READ || rdonly_mem))
 			mark_reg_unknown(env, regs, value_regno);
 	} else if (reg->type == PTR_TO_CTX) {
+		bool is_retval = false;
+		struct bpf_retval_range range;
 		enum bpf_reg_type reg_type = SCALAR_VALUE;
 		struct btf *btf = NULL;
 		u32 btf_id = 0;
@@ -6834,7 +6868,7 @@  static int check_mem_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, u32 regn
 			return err;
 
 		err = check_ctx_access(env, insn_idx, off, size, t, &reg_type, &btf,
-				       &btf_id);
+				       &btf_id, &is_retval);
 		if (err)
 			verbose_linfo(env, insn_idx, "; ");
 		if (!err && t == BPF_READ && value_regno >= 0) {
@@ -6843,7 +6877,14 @@  static int check_mem_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, u32 regn
 			 * case, we know the offset is zero.
 			 */
 			if (reg_type == SCALAR_VALUE) {
-				mark_reg_unknown(env, regs, value_regno);
+				if (is_retval && get_func_retval_range(env->prog, &range)) {
+					err = __mark_reg_s32_range(env, regs, value_regno,
+								   range.minval, range.maxval);
+					if (err)
+						return err;
+				} else {
+					mark_reg_unknown(env, regs, value_regno);
+				}
 			} else {
 				mark_reg_known_zero(env, regs,
 						    value_regno);
@@ -15466,10 +15507,12 @@  static int check_return_code(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int regno, const char
 
 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LSM:
 		if (env->prog->expected_attach_type != BPF_LSM_CGROUP) {
-			/* Regular BPF_PROG_TYPE_LSM programs can return
-			 * any value.
-			 */
-			return 0;
+			/* no range found, any return value is allowed */
+			if (!get_func_retval_range(env->prog, &range))
+				return 0;
+			/* no restricted range, any return value is allowed */
+			if (range.minval == S32_MIN && range.maxval == S32_MAX)
+				return 0;
 		}
 		if (!env->prog->aux->attach_func_proto->type) {
 			/* Make sure programs that attach to void