diff --git a/tests/.gitignore b/tests/.gitignore
index a06a8ba..d22ab06 100644
--- a/tests/.gitignore
+++ b/tests/.gitignore
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ test-qmp-introspect.[ch]
 test-qmp-marshal.c
 test-qmp-output-visitor
 test-rcu-list
+test-replication
 test-rfifolock
 test-string-input-visitor
 test-string-output-visitor
diff --git a/tests/Makefile b/tests/Makefile
index 9dddde6..9e6d31d 100644
--- a/tests/Makefile
+++ b/tests/Makefile
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ check-unit-y += tests/test-crypto-xts$(EXESUF)
 check-unit-y += tests/test-crypto-block$(EXESUF)
 gcov-files-test-logging-y = tests/test-logging.c
 check-unit-y += tests/test-logging$(EXESUF)
+check-unit-y += tests/test-replication$(EXESUF)
 
 check-block-$(CONFIG_POSIX) += tests/qemu-iotests-quick.sh
 
@@ -448,6 +449,9 @@ tests/test-base64$(EXESUF): tests/test-base64.o \
 
 tests/test-logging$(EXESUF): tests/test-logging.o $(test-util-obj-y)
 
+tests/test-replication$(EXESUF): tests/test-replication.o $(test-util-obj-y) \
+	$(test-block-obj-y)
+
 tests/test-qapi-types.c tests/test-qapi-types.h :\
 $(SRC_PATH)/tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.json $(SRC_PATH)/scripts/qapi-types.py $(qapi-py)
 	$(call quiet-command,$(PYTHON) $(SRC_PATH)/scripts/qapi-types.py \
diff --git a/tests/test-replication.c b/tests/test-replication.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e998d46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test-replication.c
@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+/*
+ * Block replication tests
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 FUJITSU LIMITED
+ * Author: Changlong Xie <xiecl.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
+ * later.  See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "replication.h"
+#include "block/block_int.h"
+#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
+
+#define IMG_SIZE (64 * 1024 * 1024)
+
+/* primary */
+#define P_LOCAL_DISK "/tmp/p_local_disk.XXXXXX"
+#define P_COMMAND "driver=replication,mode=primary,node-name=xxx,"\
+                  "file.driver=qcow2,file.file.filename="P_LOCAL_DISK
+
+/* secondary */
+#define S_LOCAL_DISK "/tmp/s_local_disk.XXXXXX"
+#define S_ACTIVE_DISK "/tmp/s_active_disk.XXXXXX"
+#define S_HIDDEN_DISK "/tmp/s_hidden_disk.XXXXXX"
+#define S_ID "secondary-id"
+#define S_LOCAL_DISK_ID "secondary-local-disk-id"
+#define S_COMMAND1 "file.filename="S_LOCAL_DISK",driver=qcow2"
+#define S_COMMAND2 "driver=replication,mode=secondary,top-id="S_ID","\
+                   "file.driver=qcow2,file.file.filename="S_ACTIVE_DISK","\
+                   "file.backing.driver=qcow2,file.backing.file.filename="\
+                   ""S_HIDDEN_DISK",file.backing.backing="S_LOCAL_DISK_ID
+
+/* FIXME: steal from blockdev.c */
+QemuOptsList qemu_drive_opts = {
+    .name = "drive",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_drive_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static void io_read(BlockDriverState *bs, long pattern, int64_t pattern_offset,
+                    int64_t pattern_count, int64_t offset, int64_t count,
+                    bool expect_failed)
+{
+    char *buf;
+    void *cmp_buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* 1. alloc pattern buffer */
+    if (pattern) {
+        cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
+        memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
+    }
+
+    /* 2. alloc read buffer */
+    buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, count);
+    memset(buf, 0xab, count);
+
+    /* 3. do read */
+    ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
+
+    /* 4. assert and compare buf */
+    if (expect_failed) {
+        g_assert(ret < 0);
+    } else {
+        g_assert(ret >= 0);
+        if (pattern) {
+            g_assert(memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count) <= 0);
+            g_free(cmp_buf);
+        }
+    }
+    g_free(buf);
+}
+
+static void io_write(BlockDriverState *bs, long pattern, int64_t pattern_count,
+                     int64_t offset, int64_t count, bool expect_failed)
+{
+    void *pattern_buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* 1. alloc pattern buffer */
+    if (pattern) {
+        pattern_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
+        memset(pattern_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
+    }
+
+    /* 2. do write */
+    if (pattern) {
+        ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)pattern_buf, count >> 9);
+    } else {
+        ret = bdrv_write_zeroes(bs, offset >> 9, count >> 9, 0);
+    }
+
+    /* 3. assert */
+    if (expect_failed) {
+        g_assert(ret < 0);
+    } else {
+        g_assert(ret >= 0);
+        g_free(pattern_buf);
+    }
+}
+
+static void prepare_imgs(void)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    /* Primary */
+    bdrv_img_create(P_LOCAL_DISK, "qcow2", NULL, NULL, NULL, IMG_SIZE,
+                    BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err, true);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* Secondary */
+    bdrv_img_create(S_LOCAL_DISK, "qcow2", NULL, NULL, NULL, IMG_SIZE,
+                    BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err, true);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+    bdrv_img_create(S_ACTIVE_DISK, "qcow2", NULL, NULL, NULL, IMG_SIZE,
+                    BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err, true);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+    bdrv_img_create(S_HIDDEN_DISK, "qcow2", NULL, NULL, NULL, IMG_SIZE,
+                    BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err, true);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_imgs(void)
+{
+    /* Primary */
+    unlink(P_LOCAL_DISK);
+
+    /* Secondary */
+    unlink(S_LOCAL_DISK);
+    unlink(S_ACTIVE_DISK);
+    unlink(S_HIDDEN_DISK);
+}
+
+static BlockDriverState *start_primary(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    QDict *qdict;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* init Primary BS without BB */
+    bs = bdrv_new();
+    g_assert(bs);
+
+    opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_drive_opts, P_COMMAND, false);
+    qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, "off");
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, "off");
+
+    ret = bdrv_open(&bs, NULL, NULL, qdict, BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err);
+    g_assert(ret >= 0);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    qemu_opts_del(opts);
+
+    return bs;
+}
+
+static void teardown_primary(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    /* only destroy BS, since we didn't initialize BB in Primary */
+    bdrv_unref(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_read(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+    /* read from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_read(bs, 0, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, true);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_write(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+    /* write from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_write(bs, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, true);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_start(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_PRIMARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+    /* read from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_read(bs, 0, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, true);
+
+    /* write 0x22 from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_write(bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_stop(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    bool failover = true;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_PRIMARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    replication_stop_all(failover, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_do_checkpoint(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+
+    replication_do_checkpoint_all(&local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_primary_get_error(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    bs = start_primary();
+
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_PRIMARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    replication_get_error_all(&local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_primary(bs);
+}
+
+static BlockDriverState *start_secondary(void)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    QDict *qdict;
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    /* 1. add S_LOCAL_DISK and forge S_LOCAL_DISK_ID */
+    opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_drive_opts, S_COMMAND1, false);
+    qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, "off");
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, "off");
+
+    blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, qdict, BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err);
+    assert(blk);
+    monitor_add_blk(blk, S_LOCAL_DISK_ID, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 2. format S_LOCAL_DISK with pattern "0x11" */
+    bs = blk_bs(blk);
+    io_write(bs, 0x11, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    qemu_opts_del(opts);
+
+    /* 3. add S_(ACTIVE/HIDDEN)_DISK and forge S_ID */
+    opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_drive_opts, S_COMMAND2, false);
+    qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, "off");
+    qdict_set_default_str(qdict, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, "off");
+
+    blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, qdict, BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err);
+    assert(blk);
+    monitor_add_blk(blk, S_ID, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    qemu_opts_del(opts);
+
+    /* return top bs */
+    return blk_bs(blk);
+}
+
+static void teardown_secondary(void)
+{
+    /* only need to destroy two BBs */
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+
+    /* 1. remove S_LOCAL_DISK_ID */
+    blk = blk_by_name(S_LOCAL_DISK_ID);
+    assert(blk);
+
+    monitor_remove_blk(blk);
+    blk_unref(blk);
+
+    /* 2. remove S_ID */
+    blk = blk_by_name(S_ID);
+    assert(blk);
+
+    monitor_remove_blk(blk);
+    blk_unref(blk);
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_read(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *top_bs;
+
+    top_bs = start_secondary();
+    /* read from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, true);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_write(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+
+    bs = start_secondary();
+    /* write from 0 to IMG_SIZE */
+    io_write(bs, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, true);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_start(void)
+{
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+    BlockDriverState *top_bs, *local_bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    bool failover = true;
+
+    top_bs = start_secondary();
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_SECONDARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 1. read from S_LOCAL_DISK (0, IMG_SIZE) */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x11, 0, IMG_SIZE, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    /* 2. write 0x22 to S_LOCAL_DISK (IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE) */
+    blk = blk_by_name(S_LOCAL_DISK_ID);
+    local_bs = blk_bs(blk);
+
+    io_write(local_bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 2.1 replication will backup S_LOCAL_DISK to S_HIDDEN_DISK */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x11, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    /* 3. write 0x33 to S_ACTIVE_DISK (0, IMG_SIZE / 2) */
+    io_write(top_bs, 0x33, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 3.1 read from S_ACTIVE_DISK (0, IMG_SIZE/2) */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x33, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* unblock top_bs */
+    replication_stop_all(failover, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_stop(void)
+{
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+    BlockDriverState *top_bs, *local_bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    bool failover = true;
+
+    top_bs = start_secondary();
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_SECONDARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 1. write 0x22 to S_LOCAL_DISK (IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE) */
+    blk = blk_by_name(S_LOCAL_DISK_ID);
+    local_bs = blk_bs(blk);
+
+    io_write(local_bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 2. replication will backup S_LOCAL_DISK to S_HIDDEN_DISK */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x11, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    /* 3. write 0x33 to S_ACTIVE_DISK (0, IMG_SIZE / 2) */
+    io_write(top_bs, 0x33, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 4. do active commit */
+    replication_stop_all(failover, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 5. read from S_LOCAL_DISK (0, IMG_SIZE / 2) */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x33, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 6. read from S_LOCAL_DISK (IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE) */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_do_checkpoint(void)
+{
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+    BlockDriverState *top_bs, *local_bs;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    bool failover = true;
+
+    top_bs = start_secondary();
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_SECONDARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 1. write 0x22 to S_LOCAL_DISK (IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE) */
+    blk = blk_by_name(S_LOCAL_DISK_ID);
+    local_bs = blk_bs(blk);
+
+    io_write(local_bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, false);
+
+    /* 2. replication will backup S_LOCAL_DISK to S_HIDDEN_DISK */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x11, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    replication_do_checkpoint_all(&local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* 3. after checkpoint, read pattern 0x22 from S_LOCAL_DISK */
+    io_read(top_bs, 0x22, IMG_SIZE / 2, IMG_SIZE / 2, 0, IMG_SIZE, false);
+
+    /* unblock top_bs */
+    replication_stop_all(failover, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void test_secondary_get_error(void)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    bool failover = true;
+
+    start_secondary();
+    replication_start_all(REPLICATION_MODE_SECONDARY, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    replication_get_error_all(&local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    /* unblock top_bs */
+    replication_stop_all(failover, &local_err);
+    g_assert(!local_err);
+
+    teardown_secondary();
+}
+
+static void sigabrt_handler(int signo)
+{
+    cleanup_imgs();
+}
+
+static void setup_sigabrt_handler(void)
+{
+    struct sigaction sigact;
+
+    sigact = (struct sigaction){
+        .sa_handler = sigabrt_handler,
+        .sa_flags = SA_RESETHAND,
+    };
+    sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
+    sigaction(SIGABRT, &sigact, NULL);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    int ret;
+    qemu_init_main_loop(&error_fatal);
+    bdrv_init();
+
+    do {} while (g_main_context_iteration(NULL, false));
+    g_test_init(&argc, &argv, NULL);
+    setup_sigabrt_handler();
+
+    prepare_imgs();
+
+    /* Primary */
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/read",    test_primary_read);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/write",   test_primary_write);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/start",   test_primary_start);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/stop",    test_primary_stop);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/do_checkpoint",
+                    test_primary_do_checkpoint);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/primary/get_error",
+                    test_primary_get_error);
+
+    /* Secondary */
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/read",  test_secondary_read);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/write", test_secondary_write);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/start", test_secondary_start);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/stop",  test_secondary_stop);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/do_checkpoint",
+                    test_secondary_do_checkpoint);
+    g_test_add_func("/replication/secondary/get_error",
+                    test_secondary_get_error);
+
+    ret = g_test_run();
+
+    cleanup_imgs();
+
+    return ret;
+}
