diff --git a/hw/vfio/pci.c b/hw/vfio/pci.c
index f67eec4..07a44f5 100644
--- a/hw/vfio/pci.c
+++ b/hw/vfio/pci.c
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ static void vfio_disable_interrupts(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
     }
 }
 
-static int vfio_msi_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos)
+static int vfio_msi_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos, Error **errp)
 {
     uint16_t ctrl;
     bool msi_64bit, msi_maskbit;
@@ -1202,8 +1202,7 @@ static int vfio_msi_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos)
         if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
             return 0;
         }
-        error_prepend(&err, "vfio: msi_init failed: ");
-        error_report_err(err);
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
         return ret;
     }
     vdev->msi_cap_size = 0xa + (msi_maskbit ? 0xa : 0) + (msi_64bit ? 0x4 : 0);
@@ -1361,7 +1360,7 @@ static int vfio_msix_early_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, Error **errp)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int vfio_msix_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos)
+static int vfio_msix_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos, Error **errp)
 {
     int ret;
 
@@ -1376,7 +1375,7 @@ static int vfio_msix_setup(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos)
         if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
             return 0;
         }
-        error_report("vfio: msix_init failed");
+        error_setg(errp, "msix_init failed");
         return ret;
     }
 
@@ -1561,7 +1560,8 @@ static void vfio_add_emulated_long(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos,
     vfio_set_long_bits(vdev->emulated_config_bits + pos, mask, mask);
 }
 
-static int vfio_setup_pcie_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos, uint8_t size)
+static int vfio_setup_pcie_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos, uint8_t size,
+                               Error **errp)
 {
     uint16_t flags;
     uint8_t type;
@@ -1573,8 +1573,8 @@ static int vfio_setup_pcie_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, int pos, uint8_t size)
         type != PCI_EXP_TYPE_LEG_END &&
         type != PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_END) {
 
-        error_report("vfio: Assignment of PCIe type 0x%x "
-                     "devices is not currently supported", type);
+        error_setg(errp, "assignment of PCIe type 0x%x "
+                   "devices is not currently supported", type);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
@@ -1708,10 +1708,11 @@ static void vfio_check_af_flr(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, uint8_t pos)
     }
 }
 
-static int vfio_add_std_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, uint8_t pos)
+static int vfio_add_std_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, uint8_t pos, Error **errp)
 {
     PCIDevice *pdev = &vdev->pdev;
     uint8_t cap_id, next, size;
+    Error *err = NULL;
     int ret;
 
     cap_id = pdev->config[pos];
@@ -1733,9 +1734,9 @@ static int vfio_add_std_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, uint8_t pos)
      * will be changed as we unwind the stack.
      */
     if (next) {
-        ret = vfio_add_std_cap(vdev, next);
+        ret = vfio_add_std_cap(vdev, next, &err);
         if (ret) {
-            return ret;
+            goto out;
         }
     } else {
         /* Begin the rebuild, use QEMU emulated list bits */
@@ -1749,40 +1750,42 @@ static int vfio_add_std_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, uint8_t pos)
 
     switch (cap_id) {
     case PCI_CAP_ID_MSI:
-        ret = vfio_msi_setup(vdev, pos);
+        ret = vfio_msi_setup(vdev, pos, &err);
         break;
     case PCI_CAP_ID_EXP:
         vfio_check_pcie_flr(vdev, pos);
-        ret = vfio_setup_pcie_cap(vdev, pos, size);
+        ret = vfio_setup_pcie_cap(vdev, pos, size, &err);
         break;
     case PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX:
-        ret = vfio_msix_setup(vdev, pos);
+        ret = vfio_msix_setup(vdev, pos, &err);
         break;
     case PCI_CAP_ID_PM:
         vfio_check_pm_reset(vdev, pos);
         vdev->pm_cap = pos;
-        ret = pci_add_capability(pdev, cap_id, pos, size);
+        ret = pci_add_capability2(pdev, cap_id, pos, size, &err);
         break;
     case PCI_CAP_ID_AF:
         vfio_check_af_flr(vdev, pos);
-        ret = pci_add_capability(pdev, cap_id, pos, size);
+        ret = pci_add_capability2(pdev, cap_id, pos, size, &err);
         break;
     default:
-        ret = pci_add_capability(pdev, cap_id, pos, size);
+        ret = pci_add_capability2(pdev, cap_id, pos, size, &err);
         break;
     }
 
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        error_report("vfio: %s Error adding PCI capability "
-                     "0x%x[0x%x]@0x%x: %d", vdev->vbasedev.name,
-                     cap_id, size, pos, ret);
-        return ret;
+out:
+    error_propagate(errp, err);
+    if (*errp) {
+        error_prepend(errp,
+                      "failed to add PCI capability 0x%x[0x%x]@0x%x: ",
+                      cap_id, size, pos);
     }
 
-    return 0;
+    return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+
 }
 
-static int vfio_add_ext_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
+static void vfio_add_ext_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
 {
     PCIDevice *pdev = &vdev->pdev;
     uint32_t header;
@@ -1793,7 +1796,7 @@ static int vfio_add_ext_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
     /* Only add extended caps if we have them and the guest can see them */
     if (!pci_is_express(pdev) || !pci_bus_is_express(pdev->bus) ||
         !pci_get_long(pdev->config + PCI_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE)) {
-        return 0;
+        return;
     }
 
     /*
@@ -1858,12 +1861,13 @@ static int vfio_add_ext_cap(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
     }
 
     g_free(config);
-    return 0;
+    return;
 }
 
-static int vfio_add_capabilities(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
+static int vfio_add_capabilities(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev, Error **errp)
 {
     PCIDevice *pdev = &vdev->pdev;
+    Error *err = NULL;
     int ret;
 
     if (!(pdev->config[PCI_STATUS] & PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST) ||
@@ -1871,12 +1875,14 @@ static int vfio_add_capabilities(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
         return 0; /* Nothing to add */
     }
 
-    ret = vfio_add_std_cap(vdev, pdev->config[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST]);
+    ret = vfio_add_std_cap(vdev, pdev->config[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST], &err);
     if (ret) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
         return ret;
     }
 
-    return vfio_add_ext_cap(vdev);
+    vfio_add_ext_cap(vdev);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void vfio_pci_pre_reset(VFIOPCIDevice *vdev)
@@ -2680,7 +2686,7 @@ static int vfio_initfn(PCIDevice *pdev)
 
     vfio_bars_setup(vdev);
 
-    ret = vfio_add_capabilities(vdev);
+    ret = vfio_add_capabilities(vdev, &err);
     if (ret) {
         goto out_teardown;
     }
