diff --git a/include/hw/core/cpu.h b/include/hw/core/cpu.h
index 8fcdd55494..fbd8a9e5c7 100644
--- a/include/hw/core/cpu.h
+++ b/include/hw/core/cpu.h
@@ -121,6 +121,20 @@ typedef struct TcgCpuOperations {
     /** @debug_excp_handler: Callback for handling debug exceptions */
     void (*debug_excp_handler)(CPUState *cpu);
 
+#ifdef NEED_CPU_H
+#ifdef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
+    /**
+     * @do_transaction_failed: Callback for handling failed memory transactions
+     * (ie bus faults or external aborts; not MMU faults)
+     */
+    void (*do_transaction_failed)(CPUState *cpu, hwaddr physaddr, vaddr addr,
+                                  unsigned size, MMUAccessType access_type,
+                                  int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
+                                  MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_SOFTMMU */
+#endif /* NEED_CPU_H */
+
 } TcgCpuOperations;
 #endif /* CONFIG_TCG */
 
@@ -133,8 +147,6 @@ typedef struct TcgCpuOperations {
  * @has_work: Callback for checking if there is work to do.
  * @do_unaligned_access: Callback for unaligned access handling, if
  * the target defines #TARGET_ALIGNED_ONLY.
- * @do_transaction_failed: Callback for handling failed memory transactions
- * (ie bus faults or external aborts; not MMU faults)
  * @virtio_is_big_endian: Callback to return %true if a CPU which supports
  * runtime configurable endianness is currently big-endian. Non-configurable
  * CPUs can use the default implementation of this method. This method should
@@ -203,10 +215,6 @@ struct CPUClass {
     void (*do_unaligned_access)(CPUState *cpu, vaddr addr,
                                 MMUAccessType access_type,
                                 int mmu_idx, uintptr_t retaddr);
-    void (*do_transaction_failed)(CPUState *cpu, hwaddr physaddr, vaddr addr,
-                                  unsigned size, MMUAccessType access_type,
-                                  int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
-                                  MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
     bool (*virtio_is_big_endian)(CPUState *cpu);
     int (*memory_rw_debug)(CPUState *cpu, vaddr addr,
                            uint8_t *buf, int len, bool is_write);
@@ -893,6 +901,7 @@ static inline void cpu_unaligned_access(CPUState *cpu, vaddr addr,
     cc->do_unaligned_access(cpu, addr, access_type, mmu_idx, retaddr);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_TCG
 static inline void cpu_transaction_failed(CPUState *cpu, hwaddr physaddr,
                                           vaddr addr, unsigned size,
                                           MMUAccessType access_type,
@@ -902,12 +911,15 @@ static inline void cpu_transaction_failed(CPUState *cpu, hwaddr physaddr,
 {
     CPUClass *cc = CPU_GET_CLASS(cpu);
 
-    if (!cpu->ignore_memory_transaction_failures && cc->do_transaction_failed) {
-        cc->do_transaction_failed(cpu, physaddr, addr, size, access_type,
-                                  mmu_idx, attrs, response, retaddr);
+    if (!cpu->ignore_memory_transaction_failures &&
+        cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed) {
+        cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed(cpu, physaddr, addr, size,
+                                          access_type, mmu_idx, attrs,
+                                          response, retaddr);
     }
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_TCG */
+#endif /* CONFIG_SOFTMMU */
 
 #endif /* NEED_CPU_H */
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/jazz.c b/hw/mips/jazz.c
index f9442731dd..46c71a0ac8 100644
--- a/hw/mips/jazz.c
+++ b/hw/mips/jazz.c
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps dma_dummy_ops = {
 #define MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE_MAX 0x7e000
 #define MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE                                                       \
         (BIOS_SIZE < MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE_MAX ? BIOS_SIZE : MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE_MAX)
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
 static void (*real_do_transaction_failed)(CPUState *cpu, hwaddr physaddr,
                                           vaddr addr, unsigned size,
                                           MMUAccessType access_type,
@@ -137,6 +139,7 @@ static void mips_jazz_do_transaction_failed(CPUState *cs, hwaddr physaddr,
     (*real_do_transaction_failed)(cs, physaddr, addr, size, access_type,
                                   mmu_idx, attrs, response, retaddr);
 }
+#endif /* CONFIG_TCG && !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
 
 static void mips_jazz_init(MachineState *machine,
                            enum jazz_model_e jazz_model)
@@ -205,8 +208,10 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MachineState *machine,
      * memory region that catches all memory accesses, as we do on Malta.
      */
     cc = CPU_GET_CLASS(cpu);
-    real_do_transaction_failed = cc->do_transaction_failed;
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = mips_jazz_do_transaction_failed;
+#if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
+    real_do_transaction_failed = cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = mips_jazz_do_transaction_failed;
+#endif /* CONFIG_TCG && !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
 
     /* allocate RAM */
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, 0, machine->ram);
diff --git a/target/alpha/cpu.c b/target/alpha/cpu.c
index 66f1166672..a1696bebeb 100644
--- a/target/alpha/cpu.c
+++ b/target/alpha/cpu.c
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ static void alpha_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
     cc->gdb_write_register = alpha_cpu_gdb_write_register;
     cc->tcg_ops.tlb_fill = alpha_cpu_tlb_fill;
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = alpha_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = alpha_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
     cc->do_unaligned_access = alpha_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = alpha_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_alpha_cpu;
diff --git a/target/arm/cpu.c b/target/arm/cpu.c
index 8c9ca29025..cab8e06baf 100644
--- a/target/arm/cpu.c
+++ b/target/arm/cpu.c
@@ -2270,11 +2270,11 @@ static void arm_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
     cc->debug_check_watchpoint = arm_debug_check_watchpoint;
     cc->do_unaligned_access = arm_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = arm_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = arm_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
     cc->adjust_watchpoint_address = arm_adjust_watchpoint_address;
     cc->tcg_ops.do_interrupt = arm_cpu_do_interrupt;
 #endif /* CONFIG_TCG && !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
-#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_TCG */
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM
diff --git a/target/m68k/cpu.c b/target/m68k/cpu.c
index 69093a621f..e68b933c84 100644
--- a/target/m68k/cpu.c
+++ b/target/m68k/cpu.c
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ static void m68k_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *c, void *data)
     cc->gdb_write_register = m68k_cpu_gdb_write_register;
     cc->tcg_ops.tlb_fill = m68k_cpu_tlb_fill;
 #if defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = m68k_cpu_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = m68k_cpu_transaction_failed;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = m68k_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_m68k_cpu;
 #endif
diff --git a/target/microblaze/cpu.c b/target/microblaze/cpu.c
index b0b133b5be..4770c44aac 100644
--- a/target/microblaze/cpu.c
+++ b/target/microblaze/cpu.c
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ static void mb_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
     cc->gdb_write_register = mb_cpu_gdb_write_register;
     cc->tcg_ops.tlb_fill = mb_cpu_tlb_fill;
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = mb_cpu_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = mb_cpu_transaction_failed;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = mb_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_mb_cpu;
 #endif
diff --git a/target/mips/cpu.c b/target/mips/cpu.c
index d72ddc3b21..4234f60c29 100644
--- a/target/mips/cpu.c
+++ b/target/mips/cpu.c
@@ -482,7 +482,6 @@ static void mips_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *c, void *data)
     cc->gdb_read_register = mips_cpu_gdb_read_register;
     cc->gdb_write_register = mips_cpu_gdb_write_register;
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = mips_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
     cc->do_unaligned_access = mips_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = mips_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     cc->vmsd = &vmstate_mips_cpu;
@@ -494,6 +493,9 @@ static void mips_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *c, void *data)
     cc->tcg_ops.cpu_exec_interrupt = mips_cpu_exec_interrupt;
     cc->tcg_ops.synchronize_from_tb = mips_cpu_synchronize_from_tb;
     cc->tcg_ops.tlb_fill = mips_cpu_tlb_fill;
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = mips_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+#endif /* CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
 #endif /* CONFIG_TCG */
 
     cc->gdb_num_core_regs = 73;
diff --git a/target/riscv/cpu.c b/target/riscv/cpu.c
index 86ca452479..59557aac47 100644
--- a/target/riscv/cpu.c
+++ b/target/riscv/cpu.c
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ static void riscv_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *c, void *data)
     cc->gdb_stop_before_watchpoint = true;
     cc->disas_set_info = riscv_cpu_disas_set_info;
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = riscv_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = riscv_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
     cc->do_unaligned_access = riscv_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = riscv_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     /* For now, mark unmigratable: */
diff --git a/target/riscv/cpu_helper.c b/target/riscv/cpu_helper.c
index a2afb95fa1..3ddc43257c 100644
--- a/target/riscv/cpu_helper.c
+++ b/target/riscv/cpu_helper.c
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ void riscv_cpu_do_unaligned_access(CPUState *cs, vaddr addr,
     env->badaddr = addr;
     riscv_raise_exception(env, cs->exception_index, retaddr);
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
 
 bool riscv_cpu_tlb_fill(CPUState *cs, vaddr address, int size,
                         MMUAccessType access_type, int mmu_idx,
diff --git a/target/sparc/cpu.c b/target/sparc/cpu.c
index 871b2a83c6..8d6d7c1f83 100644
--- a/target/sparc/cpu.c
+++ b/target/sparc/cpu.c
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ static void sparc_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
     cc->gdb_write_register = sparc_cpu_gdb_write_register;
     cc->tcg_ops.tlb_fill = sparc_cpu_tlb_fill;
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = sparc_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = sparc_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
     cc->do_unaligned_access = sparc_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = sparc_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
     cc->vmsd = &vmstate_sparc_cpu;
diff --git a/target/xtensa/cpu.c b/target/xtensa/cpu.c
index 3ff025f0fe..fc52fde696 100644
--- a/target/xtensa/cpu.c
+++ b/target/xtensa/cpu.c
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static void xtensa_cpu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
     cc->do_unaligned_access = xtensa_cpu_do_unaligned_access;
     cc->get_phys_page_debug = xtensa_cpu_get_phys_page_debug;
-    cc->do_transaction_failed = xtensa_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
+    cc->tcg_ops.do_transaction_failed = xtensa_cpu_do_transaction_failed;
 #endif
     cc->tcg_ops.debug_excp_handler = xtensa_breakpoint_handler;
     cc->disas_set_info = xtensa_cpu_disas_set_info;
diff --git a/target/xtensa/helper.c b/target/xtensa/helper.c
index 05e2b7f70a..eeffee297d 100644
--- a/target/xtensa/helper.c
+++ b/target/xtensa/helper.c
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ bool xtensa_cpu_tlb_fill(CPUState *cs, vaddr address, int size,
     cpu_loop_exit_restore(cs, retaddr);
 }
 
-#else
+#else /* !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
 
 void xtensa_cpu_do_unaligned_access(CPUState *cs,
                                     vaddr addr, MMUAccessType access_type,
@@ -337,4 +337,4 @@ void xtensa_runstall(CPUXtensaState *env, bool runstall)
         qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
     }
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
