diff --git a/tests/qtest/libqtest.c b/tests/qtest/libqtest.c
index c3a0ef5bb4..7ae28fb6ac 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/libqtest.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/libqtest.c
@@ -1229,24 +1229,107 @@ void qtest_memset(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint8_t pattern, size_t size)
     qtest_rsp(s);
 }
 
-void qtest_qmp_assert_success(QTestState *qts, const char *fmt, ...)
+QDict *qtest_vqmp_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts,
+                                     const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
-    va_list ap;
     QDict *response;
+    QDict *ret;
 
-    va_start(ap, fmt);
-    response = qtest_vqmp(qts, fmt, ap);
-    va_end(ap);
+    response = qtest_vqmp(qts, fmt, args);
+
+    g_assert(response);
+    if (!qdict_haskey(response, "return")) {
+        g_autoptr(GString) s = qobject_to_json_pretty(QOBJECT(response), true);
+        g_test_message("%s", s->str);
+    }
+    g_assert(qdict_haskey(response, "return"));
+    ret = qdict_get_qdict(response, "return");
+    qobject_ref(ret);
+    qobject_unref(response);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void qtest_vqmp_assert_success(QTestState *qts,
+                               const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    QDict *response;
+
+    response = qtest_vqmp_assert_success_ref(qts, fmt, args);
+
+    qobject_unref(response);
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+QDict *qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                         const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    QDict *response;
+    QDict *ret;
+
+    response = qtest_vqmp_fds(qts, fds, nfds, fmt, args);
 
     g_assert(response);
     if (!qdict_haskey(response, "return")) {
-        GString *s = qobject_to_json_pretty(QOBJECT(response), true);
+        g_autoptr(GString) s = qobject_to_json_pretty(QOBJECT(response), true);
         g_test_message("%s", s->str);
-        g_string_free(s, true);
     }
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(response, "return"));
+    ret = qdict_get_qdict(response, "return");
+    qobject_ref(ret);
     qobject_unref(response);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                   const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    QDict *response;
+    response = qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success_ref(qts, fds, nfds, fmt, args);
+    qobject_unref(response);
+}
+#endif /* !_WIN32 */
+
+QDict *qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    QDict *response;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    response = qtest_vqmp_assert_success_ref(qts, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return response;
+}
+
+void qtest_qmp_assert_success(QTestState *qts, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    qtest_vqmp_assert_success(qts, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+QDict *qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                        const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    QDict *response;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    response = qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success_ref(qts, fds, nfds, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return response;
+}
+
+void qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                  const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success(qts, fds, nfds, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
 }
+#endif /* !_WIN32 */
 
 bool qtest_big_endian(QTestState *s)
 {
diff --git a/tests/qtest/libqtest.h b/tests/qtest/libqtest.h
index 8d7d450963..d310eba7fb 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/libqtest.h
+++ b/tests/qtest/libqtest.h
@@ -693,6 +693,86 @@ void qtest_add_abrt_handler(GHookFunc fn, const void *data);
  */
 void qtest_remove_abrt_handler(void *data);
 
+/**
+ * qtest_vqmp_assert_success_ref:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ * @args: variable arguments for @fmt
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message to QEMU, asserts that a 'return' key is present in
+ * the response, and returns the response.
+ */
+QDict *qtest_vqmp_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts,
+                                     const char *fmt, va_list args)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 0);
+
+/**
+ * qtest_vqmp_assert_success:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ * @args: variable arguments for @fmt
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message to QEMU and asserts that a 'return' key is present in
+ * the response.
+ */
+void qtest_vqmp_assert_success(QTestState *qts,
+                               const char *fmt, va_list args)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 0);
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+/**
+ * qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success_ref:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fds: the file descriptors to send
+ * @nfds: number of @fds to send
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ * @args: variable arguments for @fmt
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message with file descriptors to QEMU,
+ * asserts that a 'return' key is present in the response,
+ * and returns the response.
+ */
+QDict *qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                         const char *fmt, va_list args)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 0);
+
+/**
+ * qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fds: the file descriptors to send
+ * @nfds: number of @fds to send
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ * @args: variable arguments for @fmt
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message with file descriptors to QEMU and
+ * asserts that a 'return' key is present in the response.
+ */
+void qtest_vqmp_fds_assert_success(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                   const char *fmt, va_list args)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 0);
+#endif /* !_WIN32 */
+
+/**
+ * qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message to QEMU, asserts that a 'return' key is present in
+ * the response, and returns the response.
+ */
+QDict *qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, const char *fmt, ...)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 3);
+
 /**
  * qtest_qmp_assert_success:
  * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
@@ -706,6 +786,41 @@ void qtest_remove_abrt_handler(void *data);
 void qtest_qmp_assert_success(QTestState *qts, const char *fmt, ...)
     G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 3);
 
+#ifndef _WIN32
+/**
+ * qtest_qmp_fd_assert_success_ref:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fds: the file descriptors to send
+ * @nfds: number of @fds to send
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message with file descriptors to QEMU,
+ * asserts that a 'return' key is present in the response,
+ * and returns the response.
+ */
+QDict *qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success_ref(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                        const char *fmt, ...)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 5);
+
+/**
+ * qtest_qmp_fd_assert_success:
+ * @qts: QTestState instance to operate on
+ * @fds: the file descriptors to send
+ * @nfds: number of @fds to send
+ * @fmt: QMP message to send to qemu, formatted like
+ * qobject_from_jsonf_nofail().  See parse_interpolation() for what's
+ * supported after '%'.
+ *
+ * Sends a QMP message with file descriptors to QEMU and
+ * asserts that a 'return' key is present in the response.
+ */
+void qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(QTestState *qts, int *fds, size_t nfds,
+                                  const char *fmt, ...)
+    G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 5);
+#endif /* !_WIN32 */
+
 /**
  * qtest_cb_for_every_machine:
  * @cb: Pointer to the callback function
