diff --git a/qapi/machine.json b/qapi/machine.json
index 3e9cc3f17d..48f98e7d9f 100644
--- a/qapi/machine.json
+++ b/qapi/machine.json
@@ -1696,6 +1696,8 @@
 #
 # @clusters: number of clusters per parent container (since 7.0)
 #
+# @modules: number of modules per parent container (since 9.1)
+#
 # @cores: number of cores per parent container
 #
 # @threads: number of threads per core
@@ -1709,6 +1711,7 @@
      '*sockets': 'int',
      '*dies': 'int',
      '*clusters': 'int',
+     '*modules': 'int',
      '*cores': 'int',
      '*threads': 'int',
      '*maxcpus': 'int' } }
diff --git a/hw/core/machine-smp.c b/hw/core/machine-smp.c
index 2e68fcfdfd..2b93fa99c9 100644
--- a/hw/core/machine-smp.c
+++ b/hw/core/machine-smp.c
@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ static char *cpu_hierarchy_to_string(MachineState *ms)
         g_string_append_printf(s, " * clusters (%u)", ms->smp.clusters);
     }
 
+    if (mc->smp_props.modules_supported) {
+        g_string_append_printf(s, " * modules (%u)", ms->smp.modules);
+    }
+
     g_string_append_printf(s, " * cores (%u)", ms->smp.cores);
     g_string_append_printf(s, " * threads (%u)", ms->smp.threads);
 
@@ -88,6 +92,7 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
     unsigned sockets = config->has_sockets ? config->sockets : 0;
     unsigned dies    = config->has_dies ? config->dies : 0;
     unsigned clusters = config->has_clusters ? config->clusters : 0;
+    unsigned modules = config->has_modules ? config->modules : 0;
     unsigned cores   = config->has_cores ? config->cores : 0;
     unsigned threads = config->has_threads ? config->threads : 0;
     unsigned maxcpus = config->has_maxcpus ? config->maxcpus : 0;
@@ -103,6 +108,7 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
         (config->has_sockets && config->sockets == 0) ||
         (config->has_dies && config->dies == 0) ||
         (config->has_clusters && config->clusters == 0) ||
+        (config->has_modules && config->modules == 0) ||
         (config->has_cores && config->cores == 0) ||
         (config->has_threads && config->threads == 0) ||
         (config->has_maxcpus && config->maxcpus == 0)) {
@@ -115,6 +121,20 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
      * If not supported by the machine, a topology parameter must be
      * omitted.
      */
+    if (!mc->smp_props.modules_supported && config->has_modules) {
+        if (config->modules > 1) {
+            error_setg(errp, "modules not supported by this "
+                       "machine's CPU topology");
+            return;
+        } else {
+            /* Here modules only equals 1 since we've checked zero case. */
+            warn_report("Deprecated CPU topology (considered invalid): "
+                        "Unsupported modules parameter mustn't be "
+                        "specified as 1");
+        }
+    }
+    modules = modules > 0 ? modules : 1;
+
     if (!mc->smp_props.clusters_supported && config->has_clusters) {
         if (config->clusters > 1) {
             error_setg(errp, "clusters not supported by this "
@@ -185,11 +205,13 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
                 cores = cores > 0 ? cores : 1;
                 threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
                 sockets = maxcpus /
-                          (drawers * books * dies * clusters * cores * threads);
+                          (drawers * books * dies * clusters *
+                           modules * cores * threads);
             } else if (cores == 0) {
                 threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
                 cores = maxcpus /
-                        (drawers * books * sockets * dies * clusters * threads);
+                        (drawers * books * sockets * dies *
+                         clusters * modules * threads);
             }
         } else {
             /* prefer cores over sockets since 6.2 */
@@ -197,22 +219,26 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
                 sockets = sockets > 0 ? sockets : 1;
                 threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
                 cores = maxcpus /
-                        (drawers * books * sockets * dies * clusters * threads);
+                        (drawers * books * sockets * dies *
+                         clusters * modules * threads);
             } else if (sockets == 0) {
                 threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
                 sockets = maxcpus /
-                          (drawers * books * dies * clusters * cores * threads);
+                          (drawers * books * dies * clusters *
+                           modules * cores * threads);
             }
         }
 
         /* try to calculate omitted threads at last */
         if (threads == 0) {
             threads = maxcpus /
-                      (drawers * books * sockets * dies * clusters * cores);
+                      (drawers * books * sockets * dies *
+                       clusters * modules * cores);
         }
     }
 
-    total_cpus = drawers * books * sockets * dies * clusters * cores * threads;
+    total_cpus = drawers * books * sockets * dies *
+                 clusters * modules * cores * threads;
     maxcpus = maxcpus > 0 ? maxcpus : total_cpus;
     cpus = cpus > 0 ? cpus : maxcpus;
 
@@ -222,6 +248,7 @@ void machine_parse_smp_config(MachineState *ms,
     ms->smp.sockets = sockets;
     ms->smp.dies = dies;
     ms->smp.clusters = clusters;
+    ms->smp.modules = modules;
     ms->smp.cores = cores;
     ms->smp.threads = threads;
     ms->smp.max_cpus = maxcpus;
diff --git a/hw/core/machine.c b/hw/core/machine.c
index 9966641159..494b712a76 100644
--- a/hw/core/machine.c
+++ b/hw/core/machine.c
@@ -881,6 +881,7 @@ static void machine_get_smp(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
         .has_sockets = true, .sockets = ms->smp.sockets,
         .has_dies = true, .dies = ms->smp.dies,
         .has_clusters = true, .clusters = ms->smp.clusters,
+        .has_modules = true, .modules = ms->smp.modules,
         .has_cores = true, .cores = ms->smp.cores,
         .has_threads = true, .threads = ms->smp.threads,
         .has_maxcpus = true, .maxcpus = ms->smp.max_cpus,
diff --git a/system/vl.c b/system/vl.c
index c644222982..7756eac81e 100644
--- a/system/vl.c
+++ b/system/vl.c
@@ -741,6 +741,9 @@ static QemuOptsList qemu_smp_opts = {
         }, {
             .name = "clusters",
             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "modules",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
         }, {
             .name = "cores",
             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
