diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.c b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.c
index eead269cc2..81e5843c81 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.c
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #include "hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.h"
 #include "hw/s390x/s390-pci-kvm.h"
 #include "hw/s390x/s390-pci-vfio.h"
+#include "hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "hw/pci/pci_bridge.h"
@@ -720,16 +722,45 @@ void s390_pci_iommu_enable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu)
                              TYPE_S390_IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION, OBJECT(&iommu->mr),
                              name, iommu->pal + 1);
     iommu->enabled = true;
+    iommu->direct_map = false;
     memory_region_add_subregion(&iommu->mr, 0, MEMORY_REGION(&iommu->iommu_mr));
     g_free(name);
 }
 
+void s390_pci_iommu_direct_map_enable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu)
+{
+    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
+    S390CcwMachineState *s390ms = S390_CCW_MACHINE(ms);
+
+    /*
+     * For direct-mapping we must map the entire guest address space.  Rather
+     * than using an iommu, create a memory region alias that maps GPA X to
+     * IOVA X + SDMA.  VFIO will handle pinning via its memory listener.
+     */
+    g_autofree char *name = g_strdup_printf("iommu-dm-s390-%04x",
+                                            iommu->pbdev->uid);
+    memory_region_init_alias(&iommu->dm_mr, OBJECT(&iommu->mr), name,
+                             get_system_memory(), 0,
+                             s390_get_memory_limit(s390ms));
+    iommu->enabled = true;
+    iommu->direct_map = true;
+    memory_region_add_subregion(&iommu->mr, iommu->pbdev->zpci_fn.sdma,
+                                &iommu->dm_mr);
+}
+
 void s390_pci_iommu_disable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu)
 {
     iommu->enabled = false;
     g_hash_table_remove_all(iommu->iotlb);
-    memory_region_del_subregion(&iommu->mr, MEMORY_REGION(&iommu->iommu_mr));
-    object_unparent(OBJECT(&iommu->iommu_mr));
+    if (iommu->direct_map) {
+        memory_region_del_subregion(&iommu->mr, &iommu->dm_mr);
+        iommu->direct_map = false;
+        object_unparent(OBJECT(&iommu->dm_mr));
+    } else {
+        memory_region_del_subregion(&iommu->mr,
+                                    MEMORY_REGION(&iommu->iommu_mr));
+        object_unparent(OBJECT(&iommu->iommu_mr));
+    }
 }
 
 static void s390_pci_iommu_free(S390pciState *s, PCIBus *bus, int32_t devfn)
@@ -1130,6 +1161,7 @@ static void s390_pcihost_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
             /* Always intercept emulated devices */
             pbdev->interp = false;
             pbdev->forwarding_assist = false;
+            pbdev->rtr_avail = false;
         }
 
         if (s390_pci_msix_init(pbdev) && !pbdev->interp) {
@@ -1488,6 +1520,8 @@ static const Property s390_pci_device_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("interpret", S390PCIBusDevice, interp, true),
     DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("forwarding-assist", S390PCIBusDevice, forwarding_assist,
                      true),
+    DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("relaxed-translation", S390PCIBusDevice, rtr_avail,
+                     true),
 };
 
 static const VMStateDescription s390_pci_device_vmstate = {
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.c b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.c
index e386d75d58..8cdeb6cb7f 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "exec/memory.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "system/hw_accel.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
 #include "hw/pci/pci_device.h"
 #include "hw/s390x/s390-pci-inst.h"
 #include "hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.h"
@@ -1008,17 +1009,25 @@ static int reg_ioat(CPUS390XState *env, S390PCIBusDevice *pbdev, ZpciFib fib,
     }
 
     /* currently we only support designation type 1 with translation */
-    if (!(dt == ZPCI_IOTA_RTTO && t)) {
+    if (t && dt != ZPCI_IOTA_RTTO) {
         error_report("unsupported ioat dt %d t %d", dt, t);
         s390_program_interrupt(env, PGM_OPERAND, ra);
         return -EINVAL;
+    } else if (!t && !pbdev->rtr_avail) {
+        error_report("relaxed translation not allowed");
+        s390_program_interrupt(env, PGM_OPERAND, ra);
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     iommu->pba = pba;
     iommu->pal = pal;
     iommu->g_iota = g_iota;
 
-    s390_pci_iommu_enable(iommu);
+    if (t) {
+        s390_pci_iommu_enable(iommu);
+    } else {
+        s390_pci_iommu_direct_map_enable(iommu);
+    }
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-vfio.c b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-vfio.c
index 7dbbc76823..443e222912 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-pci-vfio.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-pci-vfio.c
@@ -131,13 +131,28 @@ static void s390_pci_read_base(S390PCIBusDevice *pbdev,
     /* Store function type separately for type-specific behavior */
     pbdev->pft = cap->pft;
 
+    /*
+     * If the device is a passthrough ISM device, disallow relaxed
+     * translation.
+     */
+    if (pbdev->pft == ZPCI_PFT_ISM) {
+        pbdev->rtr_avail = false;
+    }
+
     /*
      * If appropriate, reduce the size of the supported DMA aperture reported
-     * to the guest based upon the vfio DMA limit.
+     * to the guest based upon the vfio DMA limit.  This is applicable for
+     * devices that are guaranteed to not use relaxed translation.  If the
+     * device is capable of relaxed translation then we must advertise the
+     * full aperture.  In this case, if translation is used then we will
+     * rely on the vfio DMA limit counting and use RPCIT CC1 / status 16
+     * to request that the guest free DMA mappings as necessary.
      */
-    vfio_size = pbdev->iommu->max_dma_limit << TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
-    if (vfio_size > 0 && vfio_size < cap->end_dma - cap->start_dma + 1) {
-        pbdev->zpci_fn.edma = cap->start_dma + vfio_size - 1;
+    if (!pbdev->rtr_avail) {
+        vfio_size = pbdev->iommu->max_dma_limit << TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
+        if (vfio_size > 0 && vfio_size < cap->end_dma - cap->start_dma + 1) {
+            pbdev->zpci_fn.edma = cap->start_dma + vfio_size - 1;
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
index d9e683c5b4..6a6cb39808 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
@@ -937,8 +937,13 @@ static void ccw_machine_9_2_instance_options(MachineState *machine)
 
 static void ccw_machine_9_2_class_options(MachineClass *mc)
 {
+    static GlobalProperty compat[] = {
+        { TYPE_S390_PCI_DEVICE, "relaxed-translation", "off", },
+    };
+
     ccw_machine_10_0_class_options(mc);
     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_9_2, hw_compat_9_2_len);
+    compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, compat, G_N_ELEMENTS(compat));
 }
 DEFINE_CCW_MACHINE(9, 2);
 
diff --git a/include/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.h b/include/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.h
index 2c43ea123f..ea9e04ec49 100644
--- a/include/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.h
+++ b/include/hw/s390x/s390-pci-bus.h
@@ -277,7 +277,9 @@ struct S390PCIIOMMU {
     AddressSpace as;
     MemoryRegion mr;
     IOMMUMemoryRegion iommu_mr;
+    MemoryRegion dm_mr;
     bool enabled;
+    bool direct_map;
     uint64_t g_iota;
     uint64_t pba;
     uint64_t pal;
@@ -362,6 +364,7 @@ struct S390PCIBusDevice {
     bool interp;
     bool forwarding_assist;
     bool aif;
+    bool rtr_avail;
     QTAILQ_ENTRY(S390PCIBusDevice) link;
 };
 
@@ -389,6 +392,7 @@ int pci_chsc_sei_nt2_have_event(void);
 void s390_pci_sclp_configure(SCCB *sccb);
 void s390_pci_sclp_deconfigure(SCCB *sccb);
 void s390_pci_iommu_enable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu);
+void s390_pci_iommu_direct_map_enable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu);
 void s390_pci_iommu_disable(S390PCIIOMMU *iommu);
 void s390_pci_generate_error_event(uint16_t pec, uint32_t fh, uint32_t fid,
                                    uint64_t faddr, uint32_t e);
