From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:36 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400555 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CBB3414D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:30 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A29B12084E for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:30 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727451AbgBXOMa (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:30 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37582 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727281AbgBXOM3 (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:29 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5058930E; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:28 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 05CBA3F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:25 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v4 1/7] arm64: add support for the AMU extension v1 Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:36 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-2-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org The activity monitors extension is an optional extension introduced by the ARMv8.4 CPU architecture. This implements basic support for version 1 of the activity monitors architecture, AMUv1. This support includes: - Extension detection on each CPU (boot, secondary, hotplugged) - Register interface for AMU aarch64 registers - amu=[0/1/on/off/y/n] kernel parameter to disable detection and counter access at runtime Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Will Deacon Cc: Suzuki K Poulose Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider --- .../admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt | 9 ++ arch/arm64/Kconfig | 31 +++++++ arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h | 3 +- arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 5 + arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h | 38 ++++++++ arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c | 91 +++++++++++++++++++ 6 files changed, 176 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt index ade4e6ec23e0..db8e49155fcd 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt @@ -318,6 +318,15 @@ Format: , See also Documentation/input/joydev/joystick.rst + amu= [ARM64] + Enables or disables detection, enablement and access to + counter registers of the Activity Monitors Unit (AMU). + Format: amu=[0/1/on/off/y/n] + amu=[0/off/n] ensures access to AMU's counter registers + is not attempted. + amu=[1/on/y] (default) enables detection and access to + AMU's counter registers. + analog.map= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick connected to one of 16 gameports diff --git a/arch/arm64/Kconfig b/arch/arm64/Kconfig index 3ab05857ca8f..b3408d7629fd 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/Kconfig +++ b/arch/arm64/Kconfig @@ -1484,6 +1484,37 @@ config ARM64_PTR_AUTH endmenu +menu "ARMv8.4 architectural features" + +config ARM64_AMU_EXTN + bool "Enable support for the Activity Monitors Unit CPU extension" + default y + help + The activity monitors extension is an optional extension introduced + by the ARMv8.4 CPU architecture. This enables support for version 1 + of the activity monitors architecture, AMUv1. + + To enable the use of this extension on CPUs that implement it, say Y. + + Note that for architectural reasons, firmware _must_ implement AMU + support when running on CPUs that present the activity monitors + extension. The required support is present in: + * Version 1.5 and later of the ARM Trusted Firmware + + For kernels that have this configuration enabled but boot with broken + firmware, you may need to say N here until the firmware is fixed. + Otherwise you may experience firmware panics or lockups when + accessing the counter registers. Even if you are not observing these + symptoms, the values returned by the register reads might not + correctly reflect reality. Most commonly, the value read will be 0, + indicating that the counter is not enabled. + + Alternatively, a kernel parameter is provided to disable detection, + enablement and access to the counter registers of the Activity + Monitors Unit at runtime. + +endmenu + config ARM64_SVE bool "ARM Scalable Vector Extension support" default y diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h index b92683871119..7dde890bde50 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h @@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ #define ARM64_WORKAROUND_CAVIUM_TX2_219_PRFM 46 #define ARM64_WORKAROUND_1542419 47 #define ARM64_WORKAROUND_1319367 48 +#define ARM64_HAS_AMU_EXTN 49 -#define ARM64_NCAPS 49 +#define ARM64_NCAPS 50 #endif /* __ASM_CPUCAPS_H */ diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h index 4261d55e8506..54af8ac23dd8 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h @@ -673,6 +673,11 @@ static inline bool cpu_has_hw_af(void) ID_AA64MMFR1_HADBS_SHIFT); } +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN +/* Check whether the cpu supports the Activity Monitors Unit (AMU) */ +extern bool cpu_has_amu_feat(int cpu); +#endif + #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */ #endif diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h index 6e919fafb43d..eba13b8994ce 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h @@ -382,6 +382,42 @@ #define SYS_TPIDR_EL0 sys_reg(3, 3, 13, 0, 2) #define SYS_TPIDRRO_EL0 sys_reg(3, 3, 13, 0, 3) +/* Definitions for system register interface to AMU for ARMv8.4 onwards */ +#define SYS_AM_EL0(crm, op2) sys_reg(3, 3, 13, (crm), (op2)) +#define SYS_AMCR_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 0) +#define SYS_AMCFGR_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 1) +#define SYS_AMCGCR_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 2) +#define SYS_AMUSERENR_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 3) +#define SYS_AMCNTENCLR0_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 4) +#define SYS_AMCNTENSET0_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(2, 5) +#define SYS_AMCNTENCLR1_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(3, 0) +#define SYS_AMCNTENSET1_EL0 SYS_AM_EL0(3, 1) + +/* + * Group 0 of activity monitors (architected): + * op0 op1 CRn CRm op2 + * Counter: 11 011 1101 010:n<3> n<2:0> + * Type: 11 011 1101 011:n<3> n<2:0> + * n: 0-15 + * + * Group 1 of activity monitors (auxiliary): + * op0 op1 CRn CRm op2 + * Counter: 11 011 1101 110:n<3> n<2:0> + * Type: 11 011 1101 111:n<3> n<2:0> + * n: 0-15 + */ + +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(n) SYS_AM_EL0(4 + ((n) >> 3), (n) & 7) +#define SYS_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(n) SYS_AM_EL0(6 + ((n) >> 3), (n) & 7) +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(n) SYS_AM_EL0(12 + ((n) >> 3), (n) & 7) +#define SYS_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(n) SYS_AM_EL0(14 + ((n) >> 3), (n) & 7) + +/* AMU v1: Fixed (architecturally defined) activity monitors */ +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CORE_EL0 SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(0) +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CONST_EL0 SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(1) +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR0_INST_RET_EL0 SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(2) +#define SYS_AMEVCNTR0_MEM_STALL SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(3) + #define SYS_CNTFRQ_EL0 sys_reg(3, 3, 14, 0, 0) #define SYS_CNTP_TVAL_EL0 sys_reg(3, 3, 14, 2, 0) @@ -577,6 +613,7 @@ #define ID_AA64PFR0_CSV3_SHIFT 60 #define ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT 56 #define ID_AA64PFR0_DIT_SHIFT 48 +#define ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT 44 #define ID_AA64PFR0_SVE_SHIFT 32 #define ID_AA64PFR0_RAS_SHIFT 28 #define ID_AA64PFR0_GIC_SHIFT 24 @@ -587,6 +624,7 @@ #define ID_AA64PFR0_EL1_SHIFT 4 #define ID_AA64PFR0_EL0_SHIFT 0 +#define ID_AA64PFR0_AMU 0x1 #define ID_AA64PFR0_SVE 0x1 #define ID_AA64PFR0_RAS_V1 0x1 #define ID_AA64PFR0_FP_NI 0xf diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c index 04cf64e9f0c9..7560aad9e16b 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c @@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ static const struct arm64_ftr_bits ftr_id_aa64pfr0[] = { ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_HIDDEN, FTR_NONSTRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_CSV3_SHIFT, 4, 0), ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_HIDDEN, FTR_NONSTRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT, 4, 0), ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_VISIBLE, FTR_STRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_DIT_SHIFT, 4, 0), + ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_HIDDEN, FTR_NONSTRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT, 4, 0), ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_VISIBLE_IF_IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_SVE), FTR_STRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_SVE_SHIFT, 4, 0), ARM64_FTR_BITS(FTR_HIDDEN, FTR_STRICT, FTR_LOWER_SAFE, ID_AA64PFR0_RAS_SHIFT, 4, 0), @@ -1150,6 +1151,78 @@ static bool has_hw_dbm(const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *cap, #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN + +/* + * The "amu_cpus" cpumask only signals that the CPU implementation for the + * flagged CPUs supports the Activity Monitors Unit (AMU) but does not provide + * information regarding all the events that it supports. When a CPU bit is + * set in the cpumask, the user of this feature can only rely on the presence + * of the 4 fixed counters for that CPU. But this does not guarantee that the + * counters are enabled or access to these counters is enabled by code + * executed at higher exception levels (firmware). + */ +static struct cpumask amu_cpus __read_mostly; + +bool cpu_has_amu_feat(int cpu) +{ + return cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &amu_cpus); +} + +static void cpu_amu_enable(struct arm64_cpu_capabilities const *cap) +{ + if (has_cpuid_feature(cap, SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU)) { + pr_info("detected CPU%d: Activity Monitors Unit (AMU)\n", + smp_processor_id()); + cpumask_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(), &amu_cpus); + } +} + +/* + * For known broken firmware, a kernel parameter ("amu=[0/off/n]") is provided + * to ensure access to AMU counter registers is not attempted. By default, the + * feature is enabled, but the kernel parameter can both be used to disable or + * enable the capability at runtime in case the default changes in the future. + * + * To be noted that for security considerations, this does not bypass the + * setting of AMUSERENR_EL0 to trap accesses from EL0 (userspace) to EL1 + * (kernel). Therefore, firmware should still ensure accesses to AMU registers + * are not trapped in EL2/EL3. + */ +static bool enable_amu = true; + +static int __init set_enable_amu(char *str) +{ + bool value; + int ret = strtobool(str, &value); + + if (!ret) + enable_amu = value; + + return ret; +} +early_param("amu", set_enable_amu); + +static bool has_amu(const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *cap, + int __unused) +{ + /* + * The AMU extension is a non-conflicting feature: the kernel can + * safely run a mix of CPUs with and without support for the + * activity monitors extension. Therefore, if not disabled through + * the kernel command line early parameter, enable the capability + * to allow any late CPU to use the feature. + * + * With this feature enabled, the cpu_enable function will be called + * for all CPUs that match the criteria, including secondary and + * hotplugged, marking this feature as present on that respective CPU. + * The enable function will also print a detection message. + */ + + return enable_amu; +} +#endif + #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_VHE static bool runs_at_el2(const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *entry, int __unused) { @@ -1419,6 +1492,24 @@ static const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities arm64_features[] = { .cpu_enable = cpu_clear_disr, }, #endif /* CONFIG_ARM64_RAS_EXTN */ +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN + { + /* + * The feature is enabled by default if CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN=y. + * Therefore, don't provide .desc as we don't want the detection + * message to be shown until at least one CPU is detected to + * support the feature. + */ + .capability = ARM64_HAS_AMU_EXTN, + .type = ARM64_CPUCAP_WEAK_LOCAL_CPU_FEATURE, + .matches = has_amu, + .sys_reg = SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1, + .sign = FTR_UNSIGNED, + .field_pos = ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT, + .min_field_value = ID_AA64PFR0_AMU, + .cpu_enable = cpu_amu_enable, + }, +#endif /* CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN */ { .desc = "Data cache clean to the PoU not required for I/D coherence", .capability = ARM64_HAS_CACHE_IDC, From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:37 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400559 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5F97117D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:44 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 48BE920880 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:44 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727281AbgBXOMk (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:40 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37616 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727619AbgBXOMk (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:40 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id C192930E; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:39 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 5CD133F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:37 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org, Steve Capper Subject: [PATCH v4 2/7] arm64: trap to EL1 accesses to AMU counters from EL0 Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:37 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-3-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org The activity monitors extension is an optional extension introduced by the ARMv8.4 CPU architecture. In order to access the activity monitors counters safely, if desired, the kernel should detect the presence of the extension through the feature register, and mediate the access. Therefore, disable direct accesses to activity monitors counters from EL0 (userspace) and trap them to EL1 (kernel). To be noted that the ARM64_AMU_EXTN kernel config and the disable_amu kernel parameter do not have an effect on this code. Given that the amuserenr_el0 resets to an UNKNOWN value, setting the trap of EL0 accesses to EL1 is always attempted for safety and security considerations. Therefore firmware should still ensure accesses to AMU registers are not trapped in EL2/EL3 as this code cannot be bypassed if the CPU implements the Activity Monitors Unit. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Will Deacon Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Steve Capper --- arch/arm64/include/asm/assembler.h | 10 ++++++++++ arch/arm64/mm/proc.S | 3 +++ 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+) diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/assembler.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/assembler.h index 2cc0dd8bd9f7..2dc6d7b19831 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/assembler.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/assembler.h @@ -443,6 +443,16 @@ USER(\label, ic ivau, \tmp2) // invalidate I line PoU 9000: .endm +/* + * reset_amuserenr_el0 - reset AMUSERENR_EL0 if AMUv1 present + */ + .macro reset_amuserenr_el0, tmpreg + mrs \tmpreg, id_aa64pfr0_el1 // Check ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 + ubfx \tmpreg, \tmpreg, #ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT, #4 + cbz \tmpreg, .Lskip_\@ // Skip if no AMU present + msr_s SYS_AMUSERENR_EL0, xzr // Disable AMU access from EL0 +.Lskip_\@: + .endm /* * copy_page - copy src to dest using temp registers t1-t8 */ diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/proc.S b/arch/arm64/mm/proc.S index a1e0592d1fbc..d8aae1152c08 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/mm/proc.S +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/proc.S @@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ alternative_endif ubfx x11, x11, #1, #1 msr oslar_el1, x11 reset_pmuserenr_el0 x0 // Disable PMU access from EL0 + reset_amuserenr_el0 x0 // Disable AMU access from EL0 alternative_if ARM64_HAS_RAS_EXTN msr_s SYS_DISR_EL1, xzr @@ -415,6 +416,8 @@ ENTRY(__cpu_setup) isb // Unmask debug exceptions now, enable_dbg // since this is per-cpu reset_pmuserenr_el0 x0 // Disable PMU access from EL0 + reset_amuserenr_el0 x0 // Disable AMU access from EL0 + /* * Memory region attributes for LPAE: * From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:38 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400561 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7E92517D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:48 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5F1572084E for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:48 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727619AbgBXOMo (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:44 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37640 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727616AbgBXOMo (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:44 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7A85F31B; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:43 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id EABCB3F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:40 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org, James Morse , Julien Thierry Subject: [PATCH v4 3/7] arm64/kvm: disable access to AMU registers from kvm guests Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:38 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-4-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Access to the AMU counters should be disabled by default in kvm guests, as information from the counters might reveal activity in other guests or activity on the host. Therefore, disable access to AMU registers from EL0 and EL1 in kvm guests by: - Hiding the presence of the extension in the feature register (SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1) on the VCPU. - Disabling access to the AMU registers before switching to the guest. - Trapping accesses and injecting an undefined instruction into the guest. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: James Morse Cc: Julien Thierry Cc: Suzuki K Poulose Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Will Deacon --- arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h | 1 + arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c | 14 ++++- arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 3 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h index 6e5d839f42b5..51c1d9918999 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h @@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ /* Hyp Coprocessor Trap Register */ #define CPTR_EL2_TCPAC (1 << 31) +#define CPTR_EL2_TAM (1 << 30) #define CPTR_EL2_TTA (1 << 20) #define CPTR_EL2_TFP (1 << CPTR_EL2_TFP_SHIFT) #define CPTR_EL2_TZ (1 << 8) diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c index 72fbbd86eb5e..11b43a365743 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c @@ -90,6 +90,18 @@ static void activate_traps_vhe(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) val = read_sysreg(cpacr_el1); val |= CPACR_EL1_TTA; val &= ~CPACR_EL1_ZEN; + + /* + * With VHE (HCR.E2H == 1), accesses to CPACR_EL1 are routed to + * CPTR_EL2. In general, CPACR_EL1 has the same layout as CPTR_EL2, + * except for some missing controls, such as TAM. + * In this case, CPTR_EL2.TAM has the same position with or without + * VHE (HCR.E2H == 1) which allows us to use here the CPTR_EL2.TAM + * shift value for trapping the AMU accesses. + */ + + val |= CPTR_EL2_TAM; + if (update_fp_enabled(vcpu)) { if (vcpu_has_sve(vcpu)) val |= CPACR_EL1_ZEN; @@ -111,7 +123,7 @@ static void __hyp_text __activate_traps_nvhe(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) __activate_traps_common(vcpu); val = CPTR_EL2_DEFAULT; - val |= CPTR_EL2_TTA | CPTR_EL2_TZ; + val |= CPTR_EL2_TTA | CPTR_EL2_TZ | CPTR_EL2_TAM; if (!update_fp_enabled(vcpu)) { val |= CPTR_EL2_TFP; __activate_traps_fpsimd32(vcpu); diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c index 9f2165937f7d..adeaa65a4cf0 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c @@ -1003,6 +1003,20 @@ static bool access_pmuserenr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct sys_reg_params *p, { SYS_DESC(SYS_PMEVTYPERn_EL0(n)), \ access_pmu_evtyper, reset_unknown, (PMEVTYPER0_EL0 + n), } +static bool access_amu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct sys_reg_params *p, + const struct sys_reg_desc *r) +{ + kvm_inject_undefined(vcpu); + + return false; +} + +/* Macro to expand the AMU counter and type registers*/ +#define AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(n) { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(n)), access_amu } +#define AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(n) { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(n)), access_amu } +#define AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(n) { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(n)), access_amu } +#define AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(n) { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(n)), access_amu } + static bool trap_ptrauth(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct sys_reg_params *p, const struct sys_reg_desc *rd) @@ -1078,8 +1092,10 @@ static u64 read_id_reg(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, (u32)r->CRn, (u32)r->CRm, (u32)r->Op2); u64 val = raz ? 0 : read_sanitised_ftr_reg(id); - if (id == SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 && !vcpu_has_sve(vcpu)) { - val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_SVE_SHIFT); + if (id == SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1) { + if (!vcpu_has_sve(vcpu)) + val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_SVE_SHIFT); + val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT); } else if (id == SYS_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 && !vcpu_has_ptrauth(vcpu)) { val &= ~((0xfUL << ID_AA64ISAR1_APA_SHIFT) | (0xfUL << ID_AA64ISAR1_API_SHIFT) | @@ -1565,6 +1581,79 @@ static const struct sys_reg_desc sys_reg_descs[] = { { SYS_DESC(SYS_TPIDR_EL0), NULL, reset_unknown, TPIDR_EL0 }, { SYS_DESC(SYS_TPIDRRO_EL0), NULL, reset_unknown, TPIDRRO_EL0 }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCR_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCFGR_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCGCR_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMUSERENR_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCNTENCLR0_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCNTENSET0_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCNTENCLR1_EL0), access_amu }, + { SYS_DESC(SYS_AMCNTENSET1_EL0), access_amu }, + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(0), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(1), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(2), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(3), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(4), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(5), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(6), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(7), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(8), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(9), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(10), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(11), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(12), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(13), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(14), + AMU_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(15), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(0), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(1), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(2), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(3), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(4), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(5), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(6), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(7), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(8), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(9), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(10), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(11), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(12), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(13), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(14), + AMU_AMEVTYPE0_EL0(15), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(0), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(1), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(2), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(3), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(4), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(5), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(6), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(7), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(8), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(9), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(10), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(11), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(12), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(13), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(14), + AMU_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(15), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(0), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(1), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(2), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(3), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(4), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(5), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(6), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(7), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(8), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(9), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(10), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(11), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(12), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(13), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(14), + AMU_AMEVTYPE1_EL0(15), + { SYS_DESC(SYS_CNTP_TVAL_EL0), access_arch_timer }, { SYS_DESC(SYS_CNTP_CTL_EL0), access_arch_timer }, { SYS_DESC(SYS_CNTP_CVAL_EL0), access_arch_timer }, From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:39 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400565 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 883D314D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:51 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 688AD20873 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:12:51 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727708AbgBXOMu (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:50 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37668 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727426AbgBXOMt (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:49 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4534130E; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:49 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id D45153F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:46 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org, Jonathan Corbet Subject: [PATCH v4 4/7] Documentation: arm64: document support for the AMU extension Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:39 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-5-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org The activity monitors extension is an optional extension introduced by the ARMv8.4 CPU architecture. Add initial documentation for the AMUv1 extension: - arm64/amu.txt: AMUv1 documentation - arm64/booting.txt: system registers initialisation Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Will Deacon Cc: Jonathan Corbet --- Documentation/arm64/amu.rst | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Documentation/arm64/booting.rst | 14 ++++ Documentation/arm64/index.rst | 1 + 3 files changed, 129 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/arm64/amu.rst diff --git a/Documentation/arm64/amu.rst b/Documentation/arm64/amu.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..ad609ada2d8e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/arm64/amu.rst @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +======================================================= +Activity Monitors Unit (AMU) extension in AArch64 Linux +======================================================= + +Author: Ionela Voinescu + +Date: 2019-09-10 + +This document briefly describes the provision of Activity Monitors Unit +support in AArch64 Linux. + + +Architecture overview +--------------------- + +The activity monitors extension is an optional extension introduced by the +ARMv8.4 CPU architecture. + +The activity monitors unit, implemented in each CPU, provides performance +counters intended for system management use. The AMU extension provides a +system register interface to the counter registers and also supports an +optional external memory-mapped interface. + +Version 1 of the Activity Monitors architecture implements a counter group +of four fixed and architecturally defined 64-bit event counters. + - CPU cycle counter: increments at the frequency of the CPU. + - Constant counter: increments at the fixed frequency of the system + clock. + - Instructions retired: increments with every architecturally executed + instruction. + - Memory stall cycles: counts instruction dispatch stall cycles caused by + misses in the last level cache within the clock domain. + +When in WFI or WFE these counters do not increment. + +The Activity Monitors architecture provides space for up to 16 architected +event counters. Future versions of the architecture may use this space to +implement additional architected event counters. + +Additionally, version 1 implements a counter group of up to 16 auxiliary +64-bit event counters. + +On cold reset all counters reset to 0. + + +Basic support +------------- + +The kernel can safely run a mix of CPUs with and without support for the +activity monitors extension. Therefore, if the capability is not disabled +at system level (either through CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN or kernel parameter) +we unconditionally enable the capability to allow any late CPU (secondary +or hotplugged) to detect and use the feature. + +When the feature is detected on a CPU, we flag the availability of the +feature but this does not guarantee the correct functionality of the +counters, only the presence of the extension. + +Firmware (code running at higher exception levels, e.g. arm-tf) support is +needed to: + - Enable access for lower exception levels (EL2 and EL1) to the AMU + registers. + - Enable the counters. If not enabled these will read as 0. + - Save/restore the counters before/after the CPU is being put/brought up + from the 'off' power state. + +When using kernels that have this feature enabled but boot with broken +firmware the user may experience panics or lockups when accessing the +counter registers. Even if these symptoms are not observed, the values +returned by the register reads might not correctly reflect reality. Most +commonly, the counters will read as 0, indicating that they are not +enabled. + +If proper support is not provided in firmware it's best to disable +CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN or disable the capability at runtime through the +corresponding kernel parameter. To be noted that for security reasons, +this does not bypass the setting of AMUSERENR_EL0 to trap accesses from +EL0 (userspace) to EL1 (kernel). Therefore, firmware should still ensure +accesses to AMU registers are not trapped in EL2/EL3. + +The fixed counters of AMUv1 are accessible though the following system +register definitions: + - SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CORE_EL0 + - SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CONST_EL0 + - SYS_AMEVCNTR0_INST_RET_EL0 + - SYS_AMEVCNTR0_MEM_STALL_EL0 + +Auxiliary platform specific counters can be accessed using +SYS_AMEVCNTR1_EL0(n), where n is a value between 0 and 15. + +Details can be found in: arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h. + + +Userspace access +---------------- + +Currently, access from userspace to the AMU registers is disabled due to: + - Security reasons: they might expose information about code executed in + secure mode. + - Purpose: AMU counters are intended for system management use. + +Also, the presence of the feature is not visible to userspace. + + +Virtualization +-------------- + +Currently, access from userspace (EL0) and kernelspace (EL1) on the KVM +guest side is disabled due to: + - Security reasons: they might expose information about code executed + by other guests or the host. + +Any attempt to access the AMU registers will result in an UNDEFINED +exception being injected into the guest. diff --git a/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst b/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst index 5d78a6f5b0ae..a3f1a47b6f1c 100644 --- a/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst +++ b/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst @@ -248,6 +248,20 @@ Before jumping into the kernel, the following conditions must be met: - HCR_EL2.APK (bit 40) must be initialised to 0b1 - HCR_EL2.API (bit 41) must be initialised to 0b1 + For CPUs with Activity Monitors Unit v1 (AMUv1) extension present: + - If EL3 is present: + CPTR_EL3.TAM (bit 30) must be initialised to 0b0 + CPTR_EL2.TAM (bit 30) must be initialised to 0b0 + AMCNTENSET0_EL0 must be initialised to 0b1111 + AMCNTENSET1_EL0 must be initialised to a platform specific value + having 0b1 set for the corresponding bit for each of the auxiliary + counters present. + - If the kernel is entered at EL1: + AMCNTENSET0_EL0 must be initialised to 0b1111 + AMCNTENSET1_EL0 must be initialised to a platform specific value + having 0b1 set for the corresponding bit for each of the auxiliary + counters present. + The requirements described above for CPU mode, caches, MMUs, architected timers, coherency and system registers apply to all CPUs. All CPUs must enter the kernel in the same exception level. diff --git a/Documentation/arm64/index.rst b/Documentation/arm64/index.rst index 5c0c69dc58aa..09cbb4ed2237 100644 --- a/Documentation/arm64/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/arm64/index.rst @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ ARM64 Architecture :maxdepth: 1 acpi_object_usage + amu arm-acpi booting cpu-feature-registers From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:40 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400571 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3B58114D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:06 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2520B20836 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:06 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727734AbgBXOMy (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:54 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37694 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727426AbgBXOMx (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:53 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 96E9531B; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:52 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 4CB963F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:50 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v4 5/7] cpufreq: add function to get the hardware max frequency Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:40 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-6-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Add weak function to return the hardware maximum frequency of a CPU, with the default implementation returning cpuinfo.max_freq, which is the best information we can generically get from the cpufreq framework. The default can be overwritten by a strong function in platforms that want to provide an alternative implementation, with more accurate information, obtained either from hardware or firmware. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki Cc: Viresh Kumar Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider --- drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++ include/linux/cpufreq.h | 5 +++++ 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+) diff --git a/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c b/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c index 77114a3897fb..d2ff3018861d 100644 --- a/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c +++ b/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c @@ -1733,6 +1733,26 @@ unsigned int cpufreq_quick_get_max(unsigned int cpu) } EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpufreq_quick_get_max); +/** + * cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq - get the max hardware frequency of the CPU + * @cpu: CPU number + * + * The default return value is the max_freq field of cpuinfo. + */ +__weak unsigned int cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq(unsigned int cpu) +{ + struct cpufreq_policy *policy = cpufreq_cpu_get(cpu); + unsigned int ret_freq = 0; + + if (policy) { + ret_freq = policy->cpuinfo.max_freq; + cpufreq_cpu_put(policy); + } + + return ret_freq; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq); + static unsigned int __cpufreq_get(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) { if (unlikely(policy_is_inactive(policy))) diff --git a/include/linux/cpufreq.h b/include/linux/cpufreq.h index 31b1b0e03df8..b4423ff619f4 100644 --- a/include/linux/cpufreq.h +++ b/include/linux/cpufreq.h @@ -194,6 +194,7 @@ extern struct kobject *cpufreq_global_kobject; unsigned int cpufreq_get(unsigned int cpu); unsigned int cpufreq_quick_get(unsigned int cpu); unsigned int cpufreq_quick_get_max(unsigned int cpu); +unsigned int cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq(unsigned int cpu); void disable_cpufreq(void); u64 get_cpu_idle_time(unsigned int cpu, u64 *wall, int io_busy); @@ -223,6 +224,10 @@ static inline unsigned int cpufreq_quick_get_max(unsigned int cpu) { return 0; } +static inline unsigned int cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq(unsigned int cpu) +{ + return 0; +} static inline void disable_cpufreq(void) { } #endif From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:41 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400567 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B4F7217D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:01 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8BE7020873 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:01 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727756AbgBXOM5 (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:57 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37714 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727426AbgBXOM4 (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:12:56 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 45B7430E; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:56 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id EF1153F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:53 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v4 6/7] arm64: use activity monitors for frequency invariance Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:41 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-7-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org The Frequency Invariance Engine (FIE) is providing a frequency scaling correction factor that helps achieve more accurate load-tracking. So far, for arm and arm64 platforms, this scale factor has been obtained based on the ratio between the current frequency and the maximum supported frequency recorded by the cpufreq policy. The setting of this scale factor is triggered from cpufreq drivers by calling arch_set_freq_scale. The current frequency used in computation is the frequency requested by a governor, but it may not be the frequency that was implemented by the platform. This correction factor can also be obtained using a core counter and a constant counter to get information on the performance (frequency based only) obtained in a period of time. This will more accurately reflect the actual current frequency of the CPU, compared with the alternative implementation that reflects the request of a performance level from the OS. Therefore, implement arch_scale_freq_tick to use activity monitors, if present, for the computation of the frequency scale factor. The use of AMU counters depends on: - CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN - depents on the AMU extension being present - CONFIG_CPU_FREQ - the current frequency obtained using counter information is divided by the maximum frequency obtained from the cpufreq policy. While it is possible to have a combination of CPUs in the system with and without support for activity monitors, the use of counters for frequency invariance is only enabled for a CPU if all related CPUs (CPUs in the same frequency domain) support and have enabled the core and constant activity monitor counters. In this way, there is a clear separation between the policies for which arch_set_freq_scale (cpufreq based FIE) is used, and the policies for which arch_scale_freq_tick (counter based FIE) is used to set the frequency scale factor. For this purpose, a late_initcall_sync is registered to trigger validation work for policies that will enable or disable the use of AMU counters for frequency invariance. If CONFIG_CPU_FREQ is not defined, the use of counters is enabled on all CPUs only if all possible CPUs correctly support the necessary counters. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Will Deacon Cc: Sudeep Holla Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider --- arch/arm64/include/asm/topology.h | 15 +++ arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c | 4 + arch/arm64/kernel/topology.c | 174 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/base/arch_topology.c | 8 ++ include/linux/topology.h | 7 ++ 5 files changed, 208 insertions(+) diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/topology.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/topology.h index a4d945db95a2..6415a6eed96d 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/topology.h +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/topology.h @@ -16,6 +16,21 @@ int pcibus_to_node(struct pci_bus *bus); #include +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN +/* + * Replace default function that signals use of counters + * for frequency invariance for given CPUs. + */ +bool topology_cpu_freq_counters(struct cpumask *cpus); +#define arch_cpu_freq_counters topology_cpu_freq_counters +/* + * Replace task scheduler's default counter-based + * frequency-invariance scale factor setting. + */ +void topology_scale_freq_tick(void); +#define arch_scale_freq_tick topology_scale_freq_tick +#endif /* CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN */ + /* Replace task scheduler's default frequency-invariant accounting */ #define arch_scale_freq_capacity topology_get_freq_scale diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c index 7560aad9e16b..d712004e0a67 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c @@ -1169,12 +1169,16 @@ bool cpu_has_amu_feat(int cpu) return cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &amu_cpus); } +/* Initialize the use of AMU counters for frequency invariance */ +extern void init_cpu_freq_invariance_counters(void); + static void cpu_amu_enable(struct arm64_cpu_capabilities const *cap) { if (has_cpuid_feature(cap, SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU)) { pr_info("detected CPU%d: Activity Monitors Unit (AMU)\n", smp_processor_id()); cpumask_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(), &amu_cpus); + init_cpu_freq_invariance_counters(); } } diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/topology.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/topology.c index fa9528dfd0ce..7606cbd63517 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/topology.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/topology.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include @@ -120,4 +121,177 @@ int __init parse_acpi_topology(void) } #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN +#undef pr_fmt +#define pr_fmt(fmt) "AMU: " fmt + +static DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(unsigned long, arch_max_freq_scale); +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, arch_const_cycles_prev); +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, arch_core_cycles_prev); +static cpumask_var_t amu_fie_cpus; + +/* Initialize counter reference per-cpu variables for the current CPU */ +void init_cpu_freq_invariance_counters(void) +{ + this_cpu_write(arch_core_cycles_prev, + read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CORE_EL0)); + this_cpu_write(arch_const_cycles_prev, + read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CONST_EL0)); +} + +static int validate_cpu_freq_invariance_counters(int cpu) +{ + u64 max_freq_hz, ratio; + + if (!cpu_has_amu_feat(cpu)) { + pr_debug("CPU%d: counters are not supported.\n", cpu); + return -EINVAL; + } + + if (unlikely(!per_cpu(arch_const_cycles_prev, cpu) || + !per_cpu(arch_core_cycles_prev, cpu))) { + pr_debug("CPU%d: cycle counters are not enabled.\n", cpu); + return -EINVAL; + } + + /* Convert maximum frequency from KHz to Hz and validate */ + max_freq_hz = cpufreq_get_hw_max_freq(cpu) * 1000; + if (unlikely(!max_freq_hz)) { + pr_debug("CPU%d: invalid maximum frequency.\n", cpu); + return -EINVAL; + } + + /* + * Pre-compute the fixed ratio between the frequency of the constant + * counter and the maximum frequency of the CPU. + * + * const_freq + * arch_max_freq_scale = ---------------- * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE² + * cpuinfo_max_freq + * + * We use a factor of 2 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT -> SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE² + * in order to ensure a good resolution for arch_max_freq_scale for + * very low arch timer frequencies (down to the KHz range which should + * be unlikely). + */ + ratio = (u64)arch_timer_get_rate() << (2 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT); + ratio = div64_u64(ratio, max_freq_hz); + if (!ratio) { + WARN_ONCE(1, "System timer frequency too low.\n"); + return -EINVAL; + } + + per_cpu(arch_max_freq_scale, cpu) = (unsigned long)ratio; + + return 0; +} + +static inline int +enable_policy_freq_counters(int cpu, cpumask_var_t valid_cpus) +{ + struct cpufreq_policy *policy = cpufreq_cpu_get(cpu); + + if (!policy) { + pr_debug("CPU%d: No cpufreq policy found.\n", cpu); + return false; + } + + if (cpumask_subset(policy->related_cpus, valid_cpus)) + cpumask_or(amu_fie_cpus, policy->related_cpus, + amu_fie_cpus); + + cpufreq_cpu_put(policy); + + return true; +} + +static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(amu_fie_key); +#define amu_freq_invariant() static_branch_unlikely(&amu_fie_key) + +static int __init init_amu_fie(void) +{ + cpumask_var_t valid_cpus; + bool have_policy = false; + int cpu; + + if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&valid_cpus, GFP_KERNEL) || + !zalloc_cpumask_var(&amu_fie_cpus, GFP_KERNEL)) + return -ENOMEM; + + for_each_present_cpu(cpu) { + if (validate_cpu_freq_invariance_counters(cpu)) + continue; + cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, valid_cpus); + have_policy |= enable_policy_freq_counters(cpu, valid_cpus); + } + + /* + * If we are not restricted by cpufreq policies, we only enable + * the use of the AMU feature for FIE if all CPUs support AMU. + * Otherwise, enable_policy_freq_counters has already enabled + * policy cpus. + */ + if (!have_policy && cpumask_equal(valid_cpus, cpu_present_mask)) + cpumask_or(amu_fie_cpus, amu_fie_cpus, valid_cpus); + + if (!cpumask_empty(amu_fie_cpus)) { + pr_info("CPUs[%*pbl]: counters will be used for FIE.", + cpumask_pr_args(amu_fie_cpus)); + static_branch_enable(&amu_fie_key); + } + + free_cpumask_var(valid_cpus); + + return 0; +} +late_initcall_sync(init_amu_fie); + +bool topology_cpu_freq_counters(struct cpumask *cpus) +{ + return amu_freq_invariant() && + cpumask_subset(cpus, amu_fie_cpus); +} + +void topology_scale_freq_tick(void) +{ + u64 prev_core_cnt, prev_const_cnt; + u64 core_cnt, const_cnt, scale; + int cpu = smp_processor_id(); + + if (!amu_freq_invariant()) + return; + + if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, amu_fie_cpus)) + return; + + const_cnt = read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CONST_EL0); + core_cnt = read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_CORE_EL0); + prev_const_cnt = this_cpu_read(arch_const_cycles_prev); + prev_core_cnt = this_cpu_read(arch_core_cycles_prev); + + if (unlikely(core_cnt <= prev_core_cnt || + const_cnt <= prev_const_cnt)) + goto store_and_exit; + + /* + * /\core arch_max_freq_scale + * scale = ------- * -------------------- + * /\const SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE + * + * See validate_cpu_freq_invariance_counters() for details on + * arch_max_freq_scale and the use of SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT. + */ + scale = core_cnt - prev_core_cnt; + scale *= this_cpu_read(arch_max_freq_scale); + scale = div64_u64(scale >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT, + const_cnt - prev_const_cnt); + + scale = min_t(unsigned long, scale, SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE); + this_cpu_write(freq_scale, (unsigned long)scale); + +store_and_exit: + this_cpu_write(arch_core_cycles_prev, core_cnt); + this_cpu_write(arch_const_cycles_prev, const_cnt); +} +#endif /* CONFIG_ARM64_AMU_EXTN */ diff --git a/drivers/base/arch_topology.c b/drivers/base/arch_topology.c index 1eb81f113786..1ab2b7503d63 100644 --- a/drivers/base/arch_topology.c +++ b/drivers/base/arch_topology.c @@ -29,6 +29,14 @@ void arch_set_freq_scale(struct cpumask *cpus, unsigned long cur_freq, unsigned long scale; int i; + /* + * If the use of counters for FIE is enabled, just return as we don't + * want to update the scale factor with information from CPUFREQ. + * Instead the scale factor will be updated from arch_scale_freq_tick. + */ + if (arch_cpu_freq_counters(cpus)) + return; + scale = (cur_freq << SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT) / max_freq; for_each_cpu(i, cpus) diff --git a/include/linux/topology.h b/include/linux/topology.h index eb2fe6edd73c..397aad6ae163 100644 --- a/include/linux/topology.h +++ b/include/linux/topology.h @@ -227,5 +227,12 @@ static inline const struct cpumask *cpu_cpu_mask(int cpu) return cpumask_of_node(cpu_to_node(cpu)); } +#ifndef arch_cpu_freq_counters +static __always_inline +bool arch_cpu_freq_counters(struct cpumask *cpus) +{ + return false; +} +#endif #endif /* _LINUX_TOPOLOGY_H */ From patchwork Mon Feb 24 14:11:42 2020 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Ionela Voinescu X-Patchwork-Id: 11400569 Return-Path: Received: from mail.kernel.org (pdx-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [172.30.200.123]) by pdx-korg-patchwork-2.web.codeaurora.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D1E6117D5 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:05 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BB91C20836 for ; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:13:05 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1727795AbgBXONB (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:13:01 -0500 Received: from foss.arm.com ([217.140.110.172]:37732 "EHLO foss.arm.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727426AbgBXONA (ORCPT ); Mon, 24 Feb 2020 09:13:00 -0500 Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id AD37530E; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:59 -0800 (PST) Received: from e108754-lin.cambridge.arm.com (unknown [10.1.198.53]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 6090F3F534; Mon, 24 Feb 2020 06:12:57 -0800 (PST) From: Ionela Voinescu To: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, suzuki.poulose@arm.com, sudeep.holla@arm.com, lukasz.luba@arm.com, valentin.schneider@arm.com, dietmar.eggemann@arm.com, rjw@rjwysocki.net, ionela.voinescu@arm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, vincent.guittot@linaro.org, viresh.kumar@linaro.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v4 7/7] clocksource/drivers/arm_arch_timer: validate arch_timer_rate Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2020 14:11:42 +0000 Message-Id: <20200224141142.25445-8-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 In-Reply-To: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> References: <20200224141142.25445-1-ionela.voinescu@arm.com> Sender: linux-pm-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Using an arch timer with a frequency of less than 1MHz can potentially result in incorrect functionality in systems that assume a reasonable rate of the arch timer of 1 to 50MHz, described as typical in the architecture specification. Therefore, warn if the arch timer rate is below 1MHz, which is considered atypical and worth emphasizing. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Suggested-by: Valentin Schneider Acked-by: Marc Zyngier Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Marc Zyngier --- drivers/clocksource/arm_arch_timer.c | 18 +++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/clocksource/arm_arch_timer.c b/drivers/clocksource/arm_arch_timer.c index 9a5464c625b4..4faa930eabf8 100644 --- a/drivers/clocksource/arm_arch_timer.c +++ b/drivers/clocksource/arm_arch_timer.c @@ -885,6 +885,17 @@ static int arch_timer_starting_cpu(unsigned int cpu) return 0; } +static int validate_timer_rate(void) +{ + if (!arch_timer_rate) + return -EINVAL; + + /* Arch timer frequency < 1MHz can cause trouble */ + WARN_ON(arch_timer_rate < 1000000); + + return 0; +} + /* * For historical reasons, when probing with DT we use whichever (non-zero) * rate was probed first, and don't verify that others match. If the first node @@ -900,7 +911,7 @@ static void arch_timer_of_configure_rate(u32 rate, struct device_node *np) arch_timer_rate = rate; /* Check the timer frequency. */ - if (arch_timer_rate == 0) + if (validate_timer_rate()) pr_warn("frequency not available\n"); } @@ -1594,9 +1605,10 @@ static int __init arch_timer_acpi_init(struct acpi_table_header *table) * CNTFRQ value. This *must* be correct. */ arch_timer_rate = arch_timer_get_cntfrq(); - if (!arch_timer_rate) { + ret = validate_timer_rate(); + if (ret) { pr_err(FW_BUG "frequency not available.\n"); - return -EINVAL; + return ret; } arch_timer_uses_ppi = arch_timer_select_ppi();