From patchwork Mon Apr 25 12:38:07 2022 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Pierre Gondois X-Patchwork-Id: 12825723 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0EE5DC433EF for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 12:38:15 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S232151AbiDYMlQ (ORCPT ); Mon, 25 Apr 2022 08:41:16 -0400 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:60678 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S241895AbiDYMlN (ORCPT ); Mon, 25 Apr 2022 08:41:13 -0400 Received: from foss.arm.com (foss.arm.com [217.140.110.172]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0374FAF1C8; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id BA6F7ED1; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:08 -0700 (PDT) Received: from pierre123.arm.com (unknown [10.57.43.253]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 3C8D83F5A1; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:04 -0700 (PDT) From: Pierre Gondois To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Ionela.Voinescu@arm.com, Lukasz.Luba@arm.com, Morten.Rasmussen@arm.com, Dietmar.Eggemann@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, daniel.lezcano@linaro.org, Pierre Gondois , Catalin Marinas , Will Deacon , "Rafael J. Wysocki" , Viresh Kumar , Mark Rutland , Ard Biesheuvel , Fuad Tabba , Valentin Schneider , Lee Jones , Rob Herring , linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v3 1/2] cpufreq: CPPC: Add per_cpu efficiency_class Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2022 14:38:07 +0200 Message-Id: <20220425123819.137735-2-pierre.gondois@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.25.1 In-Reply-To: <20220425123819.137735-1-pierre.gondois@arm.com> References: <20220425123819.137735-1-pierre.gondois@arm.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org From: Pierre Gondois In ACPI, describing power efficiency of CPUs can be done through the following arm specific field: ACPI 6.4, s5.2.12.14 'GIC CPU Interface (GICC) Structure', 'Processor Power Efficiency Class field': Describes the relative power efficiency of the associated pro- cessor. Lower efficiency class numbers are more efficient than higher ones (e.g. efficiency class 0 should be treated as more efficient than efficiency class 1). However, absolute values of this number have no meaning: 2 isn’t necessarily half as efficient as 1. The efficiency_class field is stored in the GicC structure of the ACPI MADT table and it's currently supported in Linux for arm64 only. Thus, this new functionality is introduced for arm64 only. To allow the cppc_cpufreq driver to know and preprocess the efficiency_class values of all the CPUs, add a per_cpu efficiency_class variable to store them. At least 2 different efficiency classes must be present, otherwise there is no use in creating an Energy Model. The efficiency_class values are squeezed in [0:#efficiency_class-1] while conserving the order. For instance, efficiency classes of: [111, 212, 250] will be mapped to: [0 (was 111), 1 (was 212), 2 (was 250)]. Each policy being independently registered in the driver, populating the per_cpu efficiency_class is done only once at the driver initialization. This prevents from having each policy re-searching the efficiency_class values of other CPUs. The EM will be registered in a following patch. The patch also exports acpi_cpu_get_madt_gicc() to fetch the GicC structure of the ACPI MADT table for each CPU. Acked-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: Pierre Gondois --- arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c | 1 + drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 43 insertions(+) diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c index 3b46041f2b97..62ed361a4376 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c @@ -512,6 +512,7 @@ struct acpi_madt_generic_interrupt *acpi_cpu_get_madt_gicc(int cpu) { return &cpu_madt_gicc[cpu]; } +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(acpi_cpu_get_madt_gicc); /* * acpi_map_gic_cpu_interface - parse processor MADT entry diff --git a/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c b/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c index 82d370ae6a4a..3cd05651707d 100644 --- a/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c +++ b/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c @@ -420,12 +420,53 @@ static unsigned int cppc_cpufreq_get_transition_delay_us(unsigned int cpu) return cppc_get_transition_latency(cpu) / NSEC_PER_USEC; } +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, efficiency_class); + +static int populate_efficiency_class(void) +{ + struct acpi_madt_generic_interrupt *gicc; + DECLARE_BITMAP(used_classes, 256) = {}; + int class, cpu, index; + + for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) { + gicc = acpi_cpu_get_madt_gicc(cpu); + class = gicc->efficiency_class; + bitmap_set(used_classes, class, 1); + } + + if (bitmap_weight(used_classes, 256) <= 1) { + pr_debug("Efficiency classes are all equal (=%d). " + "No EM registered", class); + return -EINVAL; + } + + /* + * Squeeze efficiency class values on [0:#efficiency_class-1]. + * Values are per spec in [0:255]. + */ + index = 0; + for_each_set_bit(class, used_classes, 256) { + for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) { + gicc = acpi_cpu_get_madt_gicc(cpu); + if (gicc->efficiency_class == class) + per_cpu(efficiency_class, cpu) = index; + } + index++; + } + + return 0; +} + #else static unsigned int cppc_cpufreq_get_transition_delay_us(unsigned int cpu) { return cppc_get_transition_latency(cpu) / NSEC_PER_USEC; } +static int populate_efficiency_class(void) +{ + return 0; +} #endif @@ -742,6 +783,7 @@ static int __init cppc_cpufreq_init(void) cppc_check_hisi_workaround(); cppc_freq_invariance_init(); + populate_efficiency_class(); ret = cpufreq_register_driver(&cppc_cpufreq_driver); if (ret) From patchwork Mon Apr 25 12:38:08 2022 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Pierre Gondois X-Patchwork-Id: 12825724 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 52414C433EF for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 12:38:29 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S235857AbiDYMl3 (ORCPT ); Mon, 25 Apr 2022 08:41:29 -0400 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:60942 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S241923AbiDYMl2 (ORCPT ); Mon, 25 Apr 2022 08:41:28 -0400 Received: from foss.arm.com (foss.arm.com [217.140.110.172]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTP id F3B02B1A9C; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (unknown [10.121.207.14]) by usa-sjc-mx-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 853C71FB; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from pierre123.arm.com (unknown [10.57.43.253]) by usa-sjc-imap-foss1.foss.arm.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 197D43F5A1; Mon, 25 Apr 2022 05:38:11 -0700 (PDT) From: Pierre Gondois To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Ionela.Voinescu@arm.com, Lukasz.Luba@arm.com, Morten.Rasmussen@arm.com, Dietmar.Eggemann@arm.com, maz@kernel.org, daniel.lezcano@linaro.org, Pierre Gondois , Catalin Marinas , Will Deacon , "Rafael J. Wysocki" , Viresh Kumar , Mark Rutland , Ard Biesheuvel , Fuad Tabba , Phil Auld , Rob Herring , Valentin Schneider , linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-pm@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH v3 2/2] cpufreq: CPPC: Register EM based on efficiency class information Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2022 14:38:08 +0200 Message-Id: <20220425123819.137735-3-pierre.gondois@arm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.25.1 In-Reply-To: <20220425123819.137735-1-pierre.gondois@arm.com> References: <20220425123819.137735-1-pierre.gondois@arm.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org From: Pierre Gondois Performance states and energy consumption values are not advertised in ACPI. In the GicC structure of the MADT table, the "Processor Power Efficiency Class field" (called efficiency class from now) allows to describe the relative energy efficiency of CPUs. To leverage the EM and EAS, the CPPC driver creates a set of artificial performance states and registers them in the Energy Model (EM), such as: - Every 20 capacity unit, a performance state is created. - The energy cost of each performance state gradually increases. No power value is generated as only the cost is used in the EM. During task placement, a task can raise the frequency of its whole pd. This can make EAS place a task on a pd with CPUs that are individually less energy efficient. As cost values are artificial, and to place tasks on CPUs with the lower efficiency class, a gap in cost values is generated for adjacent efficiency classes. E.g.: - efficiency class = 0, capacity is in [0-1024], so cost values are in [0: 51] (one performance state every 20 capacity unit) - efficiency class = 1, capacity is in [0-1024], cost values are in [1*gap+0: 1*gap+51]. The value of the cost gap is chosen to absorb a the energy of 4 CPUs at their maximum capacity. This means that between: 1- a pd of 4 CPUs, each of them being used at almost their full capacity. Their efficiency class is N. 2- a CPU using almost none of its capacity. Its efficiency class is N+1 EAS will choose the first option. This patch also populates the (struct cpufreq_driver).register_em callback if the valid efficiency_class ACPI values are provided. Signed-off-by: Pierre Gondois --- drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c | 144 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 144 insertions(+) diff --git a/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c b/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c index 3cd05651707d..3eaa23d1aaf5 100644 --- a/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c +++ b/drivers/cpufreq/cppc_cpufreq.c @@ -421,6 +421,134 @@ static unsigned int cppc_cpufreq_get_transition_delay_us(unsigned int cpu) } static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, efficiency_class); +static void cppc_cpufreq_register_em(struct cpufreq_policy *policy); + +/* Create an artificial performance state every CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP capacity unit. */ +#define CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP (20) +/* Increase the cost value by CPPC_EM_COST_STEP every performance state. */ +#define CPPC_EM_COST_STEP (1) +/* Add a cost gap correspnding to the energy of 4 CPUs. */ +#define CPPC_EM_COST_GAP (4 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE * CPPC_EM_COST_STEP \ + / CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP) + +static unsigned int get_perf_level_count(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) +{ + struct cppc_perf_caps *perf_caps; + unsigned int min_cap, max_cap; + struct cppc_cpudata *cpu_data; + int cpu = policy->cpu; + + cpu_data = policy->driver_data; + perf_caps = &cpu_data->perf_caps; + max_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu); + min_cap = div_u64(max_cap * perf_caps->lowest_perf, perf_caps->highest_perf); + if ((min_cap == 0) || (max_cap < min_cap)) + return 0; + return 1 + max_cap / CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP - min_cap / CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP; +} + +/* + * The cost is defined as: + * cost = power * max_frequency / frequency + */ +static inline unsigned long compute_cost(int cpu, int step) +{ + return CPPC_EM_COST_GAP * per_cpu(efficiency_class, cpu) + + step * CPPC_EM_COST_STEP; +} + +static int cppc_get_cpu_power(struct device *cpu_dev, + unsigned long *power, unsigned long *KHz) +{ + unsigned long perf_step, perf_prev, perf, perf_check; + unsigned int min_step, max_step, step, step_check; + unsigned long prev_freq = *KHz; + unsigned int min_cap, max_cap; + struct cpufreq_policy *policy; + + struct cppc_perf_caps *perf_caps; + struct cppc_cpudata *cpu_data; + + policy = cpufreq_cpu_get_raw(cpu_dev->id); + cpu_data = policy->driver_data; + perf_caps = &cpu_data->perf_caps; + max_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_dev->id); + min_cap = div_u64(max_cap * perf_caps->lowest_perf, + perf_caps->highest_perf); + + perf_step = CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP * perf_caps->highest_perf / max_cap; + min_step = min_cap / CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP; + max_step = max_cap / CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP; + + perf_prev = cppc_cpufreq_khz_to_perf(cpu_data, *KHz); + step = perf_prev / perf_step; + + if (step > max_step) + return -EINVAL; + + if (min_step == max_step) { + step = max_step; + perf = perf_caps->highest_perf; + } else if (step < min_step) { + step = min_step; + perf = perf_caps->lowest_perf; + } else { + step++; + if (step == max_step) + perf = perf_caps->highest_perf; + else + perf = step * perf_step; + } + + *KHz = cppc_cpufreq_perf_to_khz(cpu_data, perf); + perf_check = cppc_cpufreq_khz_to_perf(cpu_data, *KHz); + step_check = perf_check / perf_step; + + /* + * To avoid bad integer approximation, check that new frequency value + * increased and that the new frequency will be converted to the + * desired step value. + */ + while ((*KHz == prev_freq) || (step_check != step)) { + perf++; + *KHz = cppc_cpufreq_perf_to_khz(cpu_data, perf); + perf_check = cppc_cpufreq_khz_to_perf(cpu_data, *KHz); + step_check = perf_check / perf_step; + } + + /* + * With an artificial EM, only the cost value is used. Still the power + * is populated such as 0 < power < EM_MAX_POWER. This allows to add + * more sense to the artificial performance states. + */ + *power = compute_cost(cpu_dev->id, step); + + return 0; +} + +static int cppc_get_cpu_cost(struct device *cpu_dev, unsigned long KHz, + unsigned long *cost) +{ + unsigned long perf_step, perf_prev; + struct cppc_perf_caps *perf_caps; + struct cpufreq_policy *policy; + struct cppc_cpudata *cpu_data; + unsigned int max_cap; + int step; + + policy = cpufreq_cpu_get_raw(cpu_dev->id); + cpu_data = policy->driver_data; + perf_caps = &cpu_data->perf_caps; + max_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_dev->id); + + perf_prev = cppc_cpufreq_khz_to_perf(cpu_data, KHz); + perf_step = CPPC_EM_CAP_STEP * perf_caps->highest_perf / max_cap; + step = perf_prev / perf_step; + + *cost = compute_cost(cpu_dev->id, step); + + return 0; +} static int populate_efficiency_class(void) { @@ -453,10 +581,23 @@ static int populate_efficiency_class(void) } index++; } + cppc_cpufreq_driver.register_em = cppc_cpufreq_register_em; return 0; } +static void cppc_cpufreq_register_em(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) +{ + struct cppc_cpudata *cpu_data; + struct em_data_callback em_cb = + EM_ADV_DATA_CB(cppc_get_cpu_power, cppc_get_cpu_cost); + + cpu_data = policy->driver_data; + em_dev_register_perf_domain(get_cpu_device(policy->cpu), + get_perf_level_count(policy), &em_cb, + cpu_data->shared_cpu_map, 0); +} + #else static unsigned int cppc_cpufreq_get_transition_delay_us(unsigned int cpu) @@ -467,6 +608,9 @@ static int populate_efficiency_class(void) { return 0; } +static void cppc_cpufreq_register_em(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) +{ +} #endif