[v3,05/13] riscv: cpufeature: extend riscv_cpufeature_patch_func to all ISA extensions

Commit Message

Jisheng Zhang Jan. 11, 2023, 5:10 p.m. UTC

riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
ISA extensions.

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
---
 arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
 arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)

Comments

Heiko Stübner Jan. 11, 2023, 11:29 p.m. UTC | #1

Hi Jisheng.

Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> ISA extensions.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> ---
>  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
>  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
>  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)

hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now


With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.

See Palmer's series [0].


Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
be attached to exactly one extension.

But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.

In my optimization quest, I found that it's actually pretty neat to
convert the errata-id for cpufeatures to a bitfield [1], because then it's
possible to just combine extensions into said bitfield [2]:

	ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
		      "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
		      "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)

[the additional field there models a "not" component]

So I really feel this would limit us quite a bit.


Heiko



[0] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/palmer/linux.git/commit/?h=riscv-hwprobe-v1&id=510c491cb9d87dcbdc91c63558dc704968723240
[1] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/f57a896122ee7e666692079320fc35829434cf96
[2] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/8cef615dab0c00ad68af2651ee5b93d06be17f27#diff-194cb8a86f9fb9b03683295f21c8f46b456a9f94737f01726ddbcbb9e3aace2cR12

Andrew Jones Jan. 12, 2023, 9:21 a.m. UTC | #2

On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> Hi Jisheng.
> 
> Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > ISA extensions.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > ---
> >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> 
> hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> 
> 
> With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.

I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
may be extensions or non-extensions.

[*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/

> 
> See Palmer's series [0].
> 
> 
> Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> be attached to exactly one extension.
> 
> But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.

One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)

Thanks,
drew

> 
> In my optimization quest, I found that it's actually pretty neat to
> convert the errata-id for cpufeatures to a bitfield [1], because then it's
> possible to just combine extensions into said bitfield [2]:
> 
> 	ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> 		      "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> 		      "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> 
> [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> 
> So I really feel this would limit us quite a bit.
> 
> 
> Heiko
> 
> 
> 
> [0] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/palmer/linux.git/commit/?h=riscv-hwprobe-v1&id=510c491cb9d87dcbdc91c63558dc704968723240
> [1] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/f57a896122ee7e666692079320fc35829434cf96
> [2] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/8cef615dab0c00ad68af2651ee5b93d06be17f27#diff-194cb8a86f9fb9b03683295f21c8f46b456a9f94737f01726ddbcbb9e3aace2cR12
> 
>

Conor Dooley Jan. 13, 2023, 3:18 p.m. UTC | #3

On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 10:21:36AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> > Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > > ISA extensions.
> > > 
> > > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > > ---
> > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> > >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> > >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> > 
> > hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> > and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> > 
> > 
> > With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> > riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> > how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.
> 
> I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
> yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
> may be extensions or non-extensions.
> 
> [*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/
> 
> > See Palmer's series [0].
> > 
> > 
> > Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> > be attached to exactly one extension.
> > 
> > But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> > combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> 
> One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
> time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
> a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
> bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)


> >         ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> >                       "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> >                       "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> > 
> > [the additional field there models a "not" component]

Since we're discussing theoretical implementations, and it's a little hard
to picture all that they entail in my head, I might be making a fool of
myself here with assumptions...

Heiko's suggestion sounded along the lines of: keep probing individual
"features" as we are now. Features in this case being the presence of
the extension or non-extension capability. And then in the alternative,
make all of the decisions about which to apply.

Drew's suggestion would have significantly more defined CPUFEATURE_FOOs,
but would offload the decision making about which extensions or non-
extension capabilities constitute a feature to regular old cpufeature
code. However, the order of precedence would remain in the alt macro, as
it does now.

I think I am just a wee bit biased, but adding the complexity somewhere
other than alternative macros seems a wise choice, especially as we are
likely to find that complexity increases over time?

The other thing that came to mind, and maybe this is just looking for
holes where they don't exist (or are not worth addressing), is that
order of precedence.
I can imagine that, in some cases, the order of precedence is not a
constant per psuedo-cpufeature, but determined by implementation of
the capabilities that comprise it?

If my assumption/understanding holds, moving decision making out of the
alternative seems like it would better provision for scenarios like
that? I dunno, maybe that is whatever the corollary of "premature
optimisation" is for this discussion.

That's my unsolicited € 0.02, hopefully I wasn't off-base with the
assumptions I made.

Heiko, I figure you've got some sort of WIP stuff for this anyway since
you're interested in the fast unaligned? How close are you to posting any
of that?

While I think of it, w.r.t. extension versus (pseudo)cpufeature etc
naming, it may make sense to call the functions that this series adds
in patch 6 has_cpufeature_{un,}likely(), no matter what decision gets
made here?
IMO using cpufeature seems to make more sense for a general use API that
may be used later on for the likes of unaligned access, even if
initially it is not used for anything other than extensions.

Thanks,
Conor.

Conor Dooley Jan. 14, 2023, 8:32 p.m. UTC | #4

Hello again!

On Fri, Jan 13, 2023 at 03:18:59PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 10:21:36AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> > > Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > > > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > > > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > > > ISA extensions.
> > > > 
> > > > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > > > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > > > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > > > ---
> > > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> > > >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> > > >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> > > 
> > > hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> > > and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> > > 
> > > 
> > > With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> > > riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> > > how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.
> > 
> > I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
> > yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
> > may be extensions or non-extensions.
> > 
> > [*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/
> > 
> > > See Palmer's series [0].
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> > > be attached to exactly one extension.
> > > 
> > > But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> > > combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> > 
> > One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
> > time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
> > a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
> > bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)
> 
> 
> > >         ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> > >                       "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> > >                       "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> > > 
> > > [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> 
> Since we're discussing theoretical implementations, and it's a little hard
> to picture all that they entail in my head, I might be making a fool of
> myself here with assumptions...
> 
> Heiko's suggestion sounded along the lines of: keep probing individual
> "features" as we are now. Features in this case being the presence of
> the extension or non-extension capability. And then in the alternative,
> make all of the decisions about which to apply.
> 
> Drew's suggestion would have significantly more defined CPUFEATURE_FOOs,
> but would offload the decision making about which extensions or non-
> extension capabilities constitute a feature to regular old cpufeature
> code. However, the order of precedence would remain in the alt macro, as
> it does now.
> 
> I think I am just a wee bit biased, but adding the complexity somewhere
> other than alternative macros seems a wise choice, especially as we are
> likely to find that complexity increases over time?
> 
> The other thing that came to mind, and maybe this is just looking for
> holes where they don't exist (or are not worth addressing), is that
> order of precedence.
> I can imagine that, in some cases, the order of precedence is not a
> constant per psuedo-cpufeature, but determined by implementation of
> the capabilities that comprise it?

Having spent longer than I maybe should've looking at your patches
Heiko, given it's a Saturday evening, the precedence stuff is still
sticking out to me..

For Zbb & fast unaligned, the order may be non-controversial, but in
the general case I don't see how it can be true that the order of
precedence for variants is a constant.

Creating pseudo cpufeatures as Drew suggested does seem like a way to
extract complexity from the alternatives themselves (which I think is a
good thing) but at the expense of eating up cpu_req_feature bits...
By itself, it doesn't help with precedence, but it may better allow us
to deal with some of the precedence in cpufeature.c, since the
alternative would operate based on the pseudo cpufeature rather than on
the individual capabilities that the pseudo cpufeature depends on.

I tried to come up with a suggestion for what to do about precedence,
but everything I thought up felt a bit horrific tbh.
The thing that fits the current model best is just allowing cpu vendors
to add, yet more, "errata" that pick the variant that works best for
their implementation... Although I'd be worried about ballooning some of
these ALT_FOO macros out to a massive degree with that sort of approach.

> If my assumption/understanding holds, moving decision making out of the
> alternative seems like it would better provision for scenarios like
> that? I dunno, maybe that is whatever the corollary of "premature
> optimisation" is for this discussion.
> 
> That's my unsolicited € 0.02, hopefully I wasn't off-base with the
> assumptions I made.

The order in which an alternative is added to the macro does matter,
right? At least, that's how I thought it worked and hope I've not had
an incorrect interpretation there all along... I wasn't until I started
reading your patch and couldn't understand why you had a construct that
looked like

if (zbb && !fast_unaligned)
...
else if (zbb && fast_unaligned)
...

rather than just inverting the order and dropping the !fast_unaligned
that I realised I might have a gap in my understanding after all..

> Heiko, I figure you've got some sort of WIP stuff for this anyway since
> you're interested in the fast unaligned? How close are you to posting any
> of that?
> 
> While I think of it, w.r.t. extension versus (pseudo)cpufeature etc
> naming, it may make sense to call the functions that this series adds
> in patch 6 has_cpufeature_{un,}likely(), no matter what decision gets
> made here?
> IMO using cpufeature seems to make more sense for a general use API that
> may be used later on for the likes of unaligned access, even if
> initially it is not used for anything other than extensions.

Jisheng Zhang Jan. 15, 2023, 1:59 p.m. UTC | #5

On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 10:21:36AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> > Hi Jisheng.
> > 
> > Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > > ISA extensions.
> > > 
> > > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > > ---
> > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> > >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> > >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> > 
> > hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> > and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> > 
> > 
> > With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> > riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> > how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.
> 
> I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
> yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
> may be extensions or non-extensions.
> 
> [*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/
> 
> > 
> > See Palmer's series [0].
> > 
> > 
> > Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> > be attached to exactly one extension.
> > 
> > But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> > combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> 
> One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
> time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
> a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
> bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)

When swtiching pgtable_l4_enabled to static key for the first time, I
suggested bitmap for cpufeatures which cover both ISA extensions
and non-extensions-but-some-cpu-related-features [1],
but it was rejected at that time, it seems we need to revisit the idea.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/[e-mail]/

> 
> Thanks,
> drew
> 
> > 
> > In my optimization quest, I found that it's actually pretty neat to
> > convert the errata-id for cpufeatures to a bitfield [1], because then it's
> > possible to just combine extensions into said bitfield [2]:
> > 
> > 	ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> > 		      "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> > 		      "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> > 
> > [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> > 
> > So I really feel this would limit us quite a bit.
> > 
> > 
> > Heiko
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > [0] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/palmer/linux.git/commit/?h=riscv-hwprobe-v1&id=510c491cb9d87dcbdc91c63558dc704968723240
> > [1] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/f57a896122ee7e666692079320fc35829434cf96
> > [2] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/8cef615dab0c00ad68af2651ee5b93d06be17f27#diff-194cb8a86f9fb9b03683295f21c8f46b456a9f94737f01726ddbcbb9e3aace2cR12
> > 
> >

Jisheng Zhang Jan. 15, 2023, 2:19 p.m. UTC | #6

On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> Hi Jisheng.

Hi Heiko,

> 
> Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > ISA extensions.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > ---
> >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> 
> hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> 
> 
> With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.

Besides Drew's comments and my reply a few minutes ago, here are
what I thought: I agree with you about "cpufeatures can also be soft
features" which I called cpu related features, but currently we
don't have that case in urgent, the SV48 and SV57 are extensions now
as Jessica pointed out[1], so I planed to send a v7 to apply the
alternative mechanism for SV48/SV57, and I think we still have time to
revisit the "expanding cpufeatures to cover soft features". But that
need to be addressed in another improvement series.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/[e-mail]/

> 
> See Palmer's series [0].
> 
> 
> Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> be attached to exactly one extension.
> 
> But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> 
> In my optimization quest, I found that it's actually pretty neat to
> convert the errata-id for cpufeatures to a bitfield [1], because then it's
> possible to just combine extensions into said bitfield [2]:
> 
> 	ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> 		      "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> 		      "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> 
> [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> 
> So I really feel this would limit us quite a bit.
> 
> 
> Heiko
> 
> 
> 
> [0] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/palmer/linux.git/commit/?h=riscv-hwprobe-v1&id=510c491cb9d87dcbdc91c63558dc704968723240
> [1] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/f57a896122ee7e666692079320fc35829434cf96
> [2] https://github.com/mmind/linux-riscv/commit/8cef615dab0c00ad68af2651ee5b93d06be17f27#diff-194cb8a86f9fb9b03683295f21c8f46b456a9f94737f01726ddbcbb9e3aace2cR12
> 
>

Conor Dooley Jan. 18, 2023, 9:54 p.m. UTC | #7

Hey!

I guess here is the right place to follow up on all of this stuff...

On Sat, Jan 14, 2023 at 08:32:37PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> On Fri, Jan 13, 2023 at 03:18:59PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 10:21:36AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> > > On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> > > > Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > > > > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > > > > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > > > > ISA extensions.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > > > > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > > > > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > > > > ---
> > > > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> > > > >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> > > > >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> > > > 
> > > > hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> > > > and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> > > > riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> > > > how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.
> > > 
> > > I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
> > > yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
> > > may be extensions or non-extensions.
> > > 
> > > [*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/
> > > 
> > > > See Palmer's series [0].
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> > > > be attached to exactly one extension.
> > > > 
> > > > But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> > > > combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> > > 
> > > One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
> > > time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
> > > a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
> > > bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)
> > 
> > 
> > > >         ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> > > >                       "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> > > >                       "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> > > > 
> > > > [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> > 
> > Since we're discussing theoretical implementations, and it's a little hard
> > to picture all that they entail in my head, I might be making a fool of
> > myself here with assumptions...
> > 
> > Heiko's suggestion sounded along the lines of: keep probing individual
> > "features" as we are now. Features in this case being the presence of
> > the extension or non-extension capability. And then in the alternative,
> > make all of the decisions about which to apply.
> > 
> > Drew's suggestion would have significantly more defined CPUFEATURE_FOOs,
> > but would offload the decision making about which extensions or non-
> > extension capabilities constitute a feature to regular old cpufeature
> > code. However, the order of precedence would remain in the alt macro, as
> > it does now.
> > 
> > I think I am just a wee bit biased, but adding the complexity somewhere
> > other than alternative macros seems a wise choice, especially as we are
> > likely to find that complexity increases over time?
> > 
> > The other thing that came to mind, and maybe this is just looking for
> > holes where they don't exist (or are not worth addressing), is that
> > order of precedence.
> > I can imagine that, in some cases, the order of precedence is not a
> > constant per psuedo-cpufeature, but determined by implementation of
> > the capabilities that comprise it?
> 
> Having spent longer than I maybe should've looking at your patches
> Heiko, given it's a Saturday evening, the precedence stuff is still
> sticking out to me..
> 
> For Zbb & fast unaligned, the order may be non-controversial, but in
> the general case I don't see how it can be true that the order of
> precedence for variants is a constant.
> 
> Creating pseudo cpufeatures as Drew suggested does seem like a way to
> extract complexity from the alternatives themselves (which I think is a
> good thing) but at the expense of eating up cpu_req_feature bits...
> By itself, it doesn't help with precedence, but it may better allow us
> to deal with some of the precedence in cpufeature.c, since the
> alternative would operate based on the pseudo cpufeature rather than on
> the individual capabilities that the pseudo cpufeature depends on.
> 
> I tried to come up with a suggestion for what to do about precedence,
> but everything I thought up felt a bit horrific tbh.
> The thing that fits the current model best is just allowing cpu vendors
> to add, yet more, "errata" that pick the variant that works best for
> their implementation... Although I'd be worried about ballooning some of
> these ALT_FOO macros out to a massive degree with that sort of approach.
> 
> > If my assumption/understanding holds, moving decision making out of the
> > alternative seems like it would better provision for scenarios like
> > that? I dunno, maybe that is whatever the corollary of "premature
> > optimisation" is for this discussion.
> > 
> > That's my unsolicited € 0.02, hopefully I wasn't off-base with the
> > assumptions I made.
> 
> The order in which an alternative is added to the macro does matter,
> right? At least, that's how I thought it worked and hope I've not had
> an incorrect interpretation there all along... I wasn't until I started
> reading your patch and couldn't understand why you had a construct that
> looked like
> 
> if (zbb && !fast_unaligned)
> ...
> else if (zbb && fast_unaligned)
> ...
> 
> rather than just inverting the order and dropping the !fast_unaligned
> that I realised I might have a gap in my understanding after all..
> 
> > Heiko, I figure you've got some sort of WIP stuff for this anyway since
> > you're interested in the fast unaligned? How close are you to posting any
> > of that?
> > 
> > While I think of it, w.r.t. extension versus (pseudo)cpufeature etc
> > naming, it may make sense to call the functions that this series adds
> > in patch 6 has_cpufeature_{un,}likely(), no matter what decision gets
> > made here?
> > IMO using cpufeature seems to make more sense for a general use API that
> > may be used later on for the likes of unaligned access, even if
> > initially it is not used for anything other than extensions. 

Today at [1] we talked a bit about the various bits going on here.
I'll attempt to summarise what I remember, but I meant to do this
several hours ago and am likely to make a hames of it.

For Zbb/unaligned stuff, the sentiment was along the lines of there
needing to be a performance benefit to justify the inclusion.
Some of us have HW that is (allegedly) capable of Zbb, and, if that's the
case, will give it a go.
I think it was similar for unaligned, since there is nothing yet that
supports this behaviour, we should wait until a benefit is demonstrable.

On the subject of grouping extension/non-extension capabilities into a
single cpufeature, Palmer mentioned that GCC does something similar,
for the likes of the Ventana vendor extensions, that are unlikely to be
present in isolation.
Those are (or were?) probed as a group of extensions rather than
individually.
I think it was said it'd make sense for us to unify extensions that will
only ever appear together single psuedo cpufeature too.

For the bitfield approach versus creating pseudo cpufeatures discussion
& how to deal with that in alternatives etc, I'm a bit less sure what the
outcome was.
IIRC, nothing concrete was said about either approach, but maybe it was
implied that we should do as GCC does, only grouping things that won't
ever been seen apart.
Figuring that out seems to have been punted down the road, as the
inclusion of our only current example of this (Zbb + unaligned) is
dependant on hardware showing up that actually benefits from it.

The plan then seemed to be press ahead with this series & test the
benefits of the Zbb str* functions in Zbb capable hardware before making
a decision there.

Hopefully I wasn't too far off with that summary...

Thanks,
Conor.

1 - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/mhng-775d4068-6c1e-48a4-a1dc-b4a76ff26bb3@palmer-ri-x1c9a/

Andrew Jones Jan. 19, 2023, 8:29 a.m. UTC | #8

On Wed, Jan 18, 2023 at 09:54:46PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> Hey!
> 
> I guess here is the right place to follow up on all of this stuff...
> 
> On Sat, Jan 14, 2023 at 08:32:37PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> > On Fri, Jan 13, 2023 at 03:18:59PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> > > On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 10:21:36AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> > > > On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 12:29:57AM +0100, Heiko Stübner wrote:
> > > > > Am Mittwoch, 11. Januar 2023, 18:10:19 CET schrieb Jisheng Zhang:
> > > > > > riscv_cpufeature_patch_func() currently only scans a limited set of
> > > > > > cpufeatures, explicitly defined with macros. Extend it to probe for all
> > > > > > ISA extensions.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <[e-mail]>
> > > > > > Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <[e-mail]>
> > > > > > Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <[e-mail]>
> > > > > > ---
> > > > > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h |  9 ++--
> > > > > >  arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c       | 63 ++++------------------------
> > > > > >  2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> > > > > 
> > > > > hmmm ... I do see a somewhat big caveat for this.
> > > > > and would like to take back my Reviewed-by for now
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > With this change we would limit the patchable cpufeatures to actual
> > > > > riscv extensions. But cpufeatures can also be soft features like
> > > > > how performant the core handles unaligned accesses.
> > > > 
> > > > I agree that this needs to be addressed and Jisheng also raised this
> > > > yesterday here [*]. It seems we need the concept of cpufeatures, which
> > > > may be extensions or non-extensions.
> > > > 
> > > > [*] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y77xyNPNqnFQUqAx@xhacker/
> > > > 
> > > > > See Palmer's series [0].
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Also this essentially codifies that each ALTERNATIVE can only ever
> > > > > be attached to exactly one extension.
> > > > > 
> > > > > But contrary to vendor-errata, it is very likely that we will need
> > > > > combinations of different extensions for some alternatives in the future.
> > > > 
> > > > One possible approach may be to combine extensions/non-extensions at boot
> > > > time into pseudo-cpufeatures. Then, alternatives can continue attaching to
> > > > a single "feature". (I'm not saying that's a better approach than the
> > > > bitmap, I'm just suggesting it as something else to consider.)
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > >         ALTERNATIVE_2("nop",
> > > > >                       "j strcmp_zbb_unaligned", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB | CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, 0, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB,
> > > > >                       "j variant_zbb", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZBB, CPUFEATURE_FAST_UNALIGNED, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZBB)
> > > > > 
> > > > > [the additional field there models a "not" component]
> > > 
> > > Since we're discussing theoretical implementations, and it's a little hard
> > > to picture all that they entail in my head, I might be making a fool of
> > > myself here with assumptions...
> > > 
> > > Heiko's suggestion sounded along the lines of: keep probing individual
> > > "features" as we are now. Features in this case being the presence of
> > > the extension or non-extension capability. And then in the alternative,
> > > make all of the decisions about which to apply.
> > > 
> > > Drew's suggestion would have significantly more defined CPUFEATURE_FOOs,
> > > but would offload the decision making about which extensions or non-
> > > extension capabilities constitute a feature to regular old cpufeature
> > > code. However, the order of precedence would remain in the alt macro, as
> > > it does now.
> > > 
> > > I think I am just a wee bit biased, but adding the complexity somewhere
> > > other than alternative macros seems a wise choice, especially as we are
> > > likely to find that complexity increases over time?
> > > 
> > > The other thing that came to mind, and maybe this is just looking for
> > > holes where they don't exist (or are not worth addressing), is that
> > > order of precedence.
> > > I can imagine that, in some cases, the order of precedence is not a
> > > constant per psuedo-cpufeature, but determined by implementation of
> > > the capabilities that comprise it?
> > 
> > Having spent longer than I maybe should've looking at your patches
> > Heiko, given it's a Saturday evening, the precedence stuff is still
> > sticking out to me..
> > 
> > For Zbb & fast unaligned, the order may be non-controversial, but in
> > the general case I don't see how it can be true that the order of
> > precedence for variants is a constant.
> > 
> > Creating pseudo cpufeatures as Drew suggested does seem like a way to
> > extract complexity from the alternatives themselves (which I think is a
> > good thing) but at the expense of eating up cpu_req_feature bits...
> > By itself, it doesn't help with precedence, but it may better allow us
> > to deal with some of the precedence in cpufeature.c, since the
> > alternative would operate based on the pseudo cpufeature rather than on
> > the individual capabilities that the pseudo cpufeature depends on.
> > 
> > I tried to come up with a suggestion for what to do about precedence,
> > but everything I thought up felt a bit horrific tbh.
> > The thing that fits the current model best is just allowing cpu vendors
> > to add, yet more, "errata" that pick the variant that works best for
> > their implementation... Although I'd be worried about ballooning some of
> > these ALT_FOO macros out to a massive degree with that sort of approach.
> > 
> > > If my assumption/understanding holds, moving decision making out of the
> > > alternative seems like it would better provision for scenarios like
> > > that? I dunno, maybe that is whatever the corollary of "premature
> > > optimisation" is for this discussion.
> > > 
> > > That's my unsolicited € 0.02, hopefully I wasn't off-base with the
> > > assumptions I made.
> > 
> > The order in which an alternative is added to the macro does matter,
> > right? At least, that's how I thought it worked and hope I've not had
> > an incorrect interpretation there all along... I wasn't until I started
> > reading your patch and couldn't understand why you had a construct that
> > looked like
> > 
> > if (zbb && !fast_unaligned)
> > ...
> > else if (zbb && fast_unaligned)
> > ...
> > 
> > rather than just inverting the order and dropping the !fast_unaligned
> > that I realised I might have a gap in my understanding after all..
> > 
> > > Heiko, I figure you've got some sort of WIP stuff for this anyway since
> > > you're interested in the fast unaligned? How close are you to posting any
> > > of that?
> > > 
> > > While I think of it, w.r.t. extension versus (pseudo)cpufeature etc
> > > naming, it may make sense to call the functions that this series adds
> > > in patch 6 has_cpufeature_{un,}likely(), no matter what decision gets
> > > made here?
> > > IMO using cpufeature seems to make more sense for a general use API that
> > > may be used later on for the likes of unaligned access, even if
> > > initially it is not used for anything other than extensions. 
> 
> Today at [1] we talked a bit about the various bits going on here.
> I'll attempt to summarise what I remember, but I meant to do this
> several hours ago and am likely to make a hames of it.
> 
> For Zbb/unaligned stuff, the sentiment was along the lines of there
> needing to be a performance benefit to justify the inclusion.
> Some of us have HW that is (allegedly) capable of Zbb, and, if that's the
> case, will give it a go.
> I think it was similar for unaligned, since there is nothing yet that
> supports this behaviour, we should wait until a benefit is demonstrable.
> 
> On the subject of grouping extension/non-extension capabilities into a
> single cpufeature, Palmer mentioned that GCC does something similar,
> for the likes of the Ventana vendor extensions, that are unlikely to be
> present in isolation.
> Those are (or were?) probed as a group of extensions rather than
> individually.
> I think it was said it'd make sense for us to unify extensions that will
> only ever appear together single psuedo cpufeature too.
> 
> For the bitfield approach versus creating pseudo cpufeatures discussion
> & how to deal with that in alternatives etc, I'm a bit less sure what the
> outcome was.
> IIRC, nothing concrete was said about either approach, but maybe it was
> implied that we should do as GCC does, only grouping things that won't
> ever been seen apart.
> Figuring that out seems to have been punted down the road, as the
> inclusion of our only current example of this (Zbb + unaligned) is
> dependant on hardware showing up that actually benefits from it.
> 
> The plan then seemed to be press ahead with this series & test the
> benefits of the Zbb str* functions in Zbb capable hardware before making
> a decision there.
> 
> Hopefully I wasn't too far off with that summary...

This matches my recollection. Thanks for the summary, Conor.

drew

> 
> Thanks,
> Conor.
> 
> 1 - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/mhng-775d4068-6c1e-48a4-a1dc-b4a76ff26bb3@palmer-ri-x1c9a/

Conor Dooley Jan. 19, 2023, 10:13 p.m. UTC | #9

Me again!

On Thu, Jan 19, 2023 at 09:29:03AM +0100, Andrew Jones wrote:
> On Wed, Jan 18, 2023 at 09:54:46PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:
> > Hey!
> > 
> > I guess here is the right place to follow up on all of this stuff...
> > 
> > On Sat, Jan 14, 2023 at 08:32:37PM +0000, Conor Dooley wrote:

> > Today at [1] we talked a bit about the various bits going on here.
> > I'll attempt to summarise what I remember, but I meant to do this
> > several hours ago and am likely to make a hames of it.
> > 
> > For Zbb/unaligned stuff, the sentiment was along the lines of there
> > needing to be a performance benefit to justify the inclusion.
> > Some of us have HW that is (allegedly) capable of Zbb, and, if that's the

I did some very very basic testing today. Ethernet is still a no-go on
my visionfive 2 board, but the sd card works at least, so I can run w/
Zbb code people want & we can see how it goes!

At the very least, it is capable of executing the instructions that were
used in Appendix A. I didn't try to do anything else, because I am lazy
and if there were some pre-existing test programs I didn't want to go
and write out a bunch of asm myself!

impid appears to be 0x4210427, if that means anything to anyone!

> > case, will give it a go.
> > I think it was similar for unaligned, since there is nothing yet that
> > supports this behaviour, we should wait until a benefit is demonstrable.
> > 
> > On the subject of grouping extension/non-extension capabilities into a
> > single cpufeature, Palmer mentioned that GCC does something similar,
> > for the likes of the Ventana vendor extensions, that are unlikely to be
> > present in isolation.

Jess pointed out on IRC that GCC doesn't support XVentanaCondOps
so maybe there was a mixup there. I don't think that really matters
though, as the point stands regardless of whether it was in GCC or not.

> > Those are (or were?) probed as a group of extensions rather than
> > individually.
> > I think it was said it'd make sense for us to unify extensions that will
> > only ever appear together single psuedo cpufeature too.
> > 
> > For the bitfield approach versus creating pseudo cpufeatures discussion
> > & how to deal with that in alternatives etc, I'm a bit less sure what the
> > outcome was.
> > IIRC, nothing concrete was said about either approach, but maybe it was
> > implied that we should do as GCC does, only grouping things that won't
> > ever been seen apart.
> > Figuring that out seems to have been punted down the road, as the
> > inclusion of our only current example of this (Zbb + unaligned) is
> > dependant on hardware showing up that actually benefits from it.
> > 
> > The plan then seemed to be press ahead with this series & test the
> > benefits of the Zbb str* functions in Zbb capable hardware before making
> > a decision there.
> > 
> > Hopefully I wasn't too far off with that summary...
> 
> This matches my recollection. Thanks for the summary, Conor.

Cool, thanks.

Patch

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h
index 4180312d2a70..274c6f889602 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/errata_list.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ 
 
 #include <asm/alternative.h>
 #include <asm/csr.h>
+#include <asm/hwcap.h>
 #include <asm/vendorid_list.h>
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_ERRATA_SIFIVE
@@ -22,10 +23,6 @@ 
 #define	ERRATA_THEAD_NUMBER 3
 #endif
 
-#define	CPUFEATURE_SVPBMT 0
-#define	CPUFEATURE_ZICBOM 1
-#define	CPUFEATURE_NUMBER 2
-
 #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
 
 #define ALT_INSN_FAULT(x)						\
@@ -55,7 +52,7 @@  asm(ALTERNATIVE("sfence.vma %0", "sfence.vma", SIFIVE_VENDOR_ID,	\
 #define ALT_SVPBMT(_val, prot)						\
 asm(ALTERNATIVE_2("li %0, 0\t\nnop",					\
 		  "li %0, %1\t\nslli %0,%0,%3", 0,			\
-			CPUFEATURE_SVPBMT, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SVPBMT,	\
+			RISCV_ISA_EXT_SVPBMT, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SVPBMT,	\
 		  "li %0, %2\t\nslli %0,%0,%4", THEAD_VENDOR_ID,	\
 			ERRATA_THEAD_PBMT, CONFIG_ERRATA_THEAD_PBMT)	\
 		: "=r"(_val)						\
@@ -129,7 +126,7 @@  asm volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(						\
 	"add a0, a0, %0\n\t"						\
 	"2:\n\t"							\
 	"bltu a0, %2, 3b\n\t"						\
-	"nop", 0, CPUFEATURE_ZICBOM, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZICBOM,		\
+	"nop", 0, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOM, CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZICBOM,	\
 	"mv a0, %1\n\t"							\
 	"j 2f\n\t"							\
 	"3:\n\t"							\
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
index 37e8c5e69754..6db8b31d9149 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
@@ -275,58 +275,11 @@  void __init riscv_fill_hwcap(void)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_ALTERNATIVE
-static bool __init_or_module cpufeature_probe_svpbmt(unsigned int stage)
-{
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SVPBMT))
-		return false;
-
-	if (stage == RISCV_ALTERNATIVES_EARLY_BOOT)
-		return false;
-
-	return riscv_isa_extension_available(NULL, SVPBMT);
-}
-
-static bool __init_or_module cpufeature_probe_zicbom(unsigned int stage)
-{
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_ZICBOM))
-		return false;
-
-	if (stage == RISCV_ALTERNATIVES_EARLY_BOOT)
-		return false;
-
-	if (!riscv_isa_extension_available(NULL, ZICBOM))
-		return false;
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * Probe presence of individual extensions.
- *
- * This code may also be executed before kernel relocation, so we cannot use
- * addresses generated by the address-of operator as they won't be valid in
- * this context.
- */
-static u32 __init_or_module cpufeature_probe(unsigned int stage)
-{
-	u32 cpu_req_feature = 0;
-
-	if (cpufeature_probe_svpbmt(stage))
-		cpu_req_feature |= BIT(CPUFEATURE_SVPBMT);
-
-	if (cpufeature_probe_zicbom(stage))
-		cpu_req_feature |= BIT(CPUFEATURE_ZICBOM);
-
-	return cpu_req_feature;
-}
-
 void __init_or_module riscv_cpufeature_patch_func(struct alt_entry *begin,
 						  struct alt_entry *end,
 						  unsigned int stage)
 {
-	u32 cpu_req_feature = cpufeature_probe(stage);
 	struct alt_entry *alt;
-	u32 tmp;
 
 	if (stage == RISCV_ALTERNATIVES_EARLY_BOOT)
 		return;
@@ -334,18 +287,18 @@  void __init_or_module riscv_cpufeature_patch_func(struct alt_entry *begin,
 	for (alt = begin; alt < end; alt++) {
 		if (alt->vendor_id != 0)
 			continue;
-		if (alt->errata_id >= CPUFEATURE_NUMBER) {
-			WARN(1, "This feature id:%d is not in kernel cpufeature list",
+		if (alt->errata_id >= RISCV_ISA_EXT_MAX) {
+			WARN(1, "This extension id:%d is not in ISA extension list",
 				alt->errata_id);
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		tmp = (1U << alt->errata_id);
-		if (cpu_req_feature & tmp) {
-			patch_text_nosync(alt->old_ptr, alt->alt_ptr, alt->alt_len);
-			riscv_alternative_fix_offsets(alt->old_ptr, alt->alt_len,
-						      alt->old_ptr - alt->alt_ptr);
-		}
+		if (!__riscv_isa_extension_available(NULL, alt->errata_id))
+			continue;
+
+		patch_text_nosync(alt->old_ptr, alt->alt_ptr, alt->alt_len);
+		riscv_alternative_fix_offsets(alt->old_ptr, alt->alt_len,
+					      alt->old_ptr - alt->alt_ptr);
 	}
 }
 #endif